firm [fɜːm] n.公司,企业 adj.坚固的;坚定的 Tom works in a
big firm.汤姆在一家大公司工作。a firm belief坚定的信念。
like [laɪk] n.爱好 prep.像,跟…一样 v.喜欢,喜爱 He used
his umbrella as a walking-stick.他把雨伞当作手杖用。
diet [ˈdaɪət] n.(日常)饮食;节食 v.节食 Both the diet and
the exercise will help us to lose
weight.节食和锻炼将有助于我们减肥。
pressure [ˈpreʃə]
activity [ækˈtɪvəti] n.活动 social
activities社会活动
accept [əkˈsept] v.接受 Please accept my
apologies.请接受我的道歉。acceptable(adj.可接受的)She received a
birthday present from a boy but did not accept
it.她收到一个男孩送的生日礼物,但没有接受。
defeat [dɪˈfiːt] vt.击败;战胜 undefeated(adj.不可战胜的)
【例】The Rockets defeated the Bulls
by92to87.火箭队以92比87战胜了公牛队。
relay [rɪˈleI] n.接力;接替 v.接替;转运 【例】The Olympic
Games are relayed all round the world. 奥运会实况向全世界转播。
evidence [ˈevɪdəns]
imagine [Iˈmædʒɪn] v.想象,设想 I can imagine what you told
me about the forest.我可以想象出你告诉我的关于森林的情况。
relation [rɪˈleɪʃn]
freedom [ˈfriːdəm] n.自由 The slaves in America fought for
their freedom and respect in the 19th
century.19世纪,美国的奴隶为了他们的自由和尊严而战。
breakthrough [ˈbreɪkθruː] n.突破 a scientific
breakthrough科学突破
left [left] adj.左边的 adv.向左边,在左边 n.左;左派 The
old man walked along the street and then turned left at the
corner.那位老人沿着街道走,然后在拐角处向左转。
confirm [kənˈfɜːm] vt.证实;确定;批准 【例】Please confirm
our reservations at the hotel.请确认一下我们在旅店的预订情况。
ability [əˈbɪləti] n.能力;才能
【参】disability(n.残疾;无能) 【例】I don’t doubt your
ability to do the work.我不怀疑你做这项工作的能力。
member [ˈmembə] n.成员,会员 All the members of the company
are asked to be present at the party.要求所有的公司员工都出席晚会。
membership(n.会员资格)
climate [ˈklaɪmət] n.气候;风气;环境气氛 【例】a climate
of unrest不安的气氛
stupid [ˈstjuːpɪd] adj.愚蠢的,笨的 Getting involved in
this is the manager’s stupid
decision.参与这件事是经理做出的愚蠢决定。
organise [ˈɔːɡənaɪz] (美organize) v.组织 I’m organising the
evening party.我正在筹备晚会。
【参】organisation(n.组织);organiser(n.组织者,创办者)
decorate [ˈdekəreɪt] v.装饰,修饰
【参】decoration(n.装饰,修饰) 【例】Every Christmas, we
decorate a Christmas tree.每年圣诞节,我们都装饰一棵圣诞树。
wage [weɪdʒ] n.工资,报酬 How can I keep a family on such a
low wage?就这么点工资,我怎么养家?
【参】salary(n.工资,薪水)
target [ˈtɑːɡɪt]
conservative [kənˈsɜːvətɪv]
adj.守旧的,保守的;保守主义的;谨慎的
【参】conservation(n.保存,保护)conserve [kənˈsɜːv](vt.
保护;保存,储存;节约) 【例】Old people are often more conservative
than young people.老年人通常要比年轻人更保守。//the Conservative
Party保守党
lonely [ˈləʊnli] adj.孤独的,寂寞的 She feels rather lonely
in the strange town.在这座陌生的城市里,她感到很寂寞。
alone强调不和他人在一起,但并不意味着不快乐;lonely常指痛苦地意识到自己独自一人,如:Tom
is alone in the room, but he doesn’tfeel
lonely.汤姆独自一人在房间里,但他不感到孤单。alone为表语形容词,lonely既可作表语也可作定语。
slip [slɪp] v.(slipped, slipped,
slipping)溜(进/走);滑动;滑倒 n.片,纸片;滑倒 She slipped away
without being seen.她悄悄溜走了,没人看见。//He took a slip of paper out
of his pocket.他从口袋里拿出一张纸条。
away [əˈweI] adv.离开,远离 right away立刻 run away逃跑
.break away from脱离;挣脱(束缚)
congratulation [kənˌɡrætʃuˈleɪʃn] n.[pl.]祝贺 I have passed
the exam! Congratulations! 我考试及格了!
祝贺你!【参】congratulate(vt.祝贺)
valuable [ˈvæljuəbl] adj. 贵重的,有价值的
n. 贵重物品,财宝 【例】Real friendship is more valuable than
money.真正的友谊比金钱更宝贵。
grey [ɡreI] adj.灰色的;灰白的 Although she was over sixty,
Mary didn’t grow grey hair.虽然玛丽60多岁了,但是她没有长白发。
protect [prəˈtekt] vt.保护
protect…from(doing)sth.保护…免受…:Wear sunglasses toprotect your eyes
from sunlight.戴上太阳镜,保护眼睛免受阳光的照射。
【参】protection(n.保护)
literature [ˈlɪtrətʃə]
literary(adj.文学的)
senior [ˈsiːniə] adj.年长的,资深的;高年级的
n.上级,长辈;最高年级的学生
busy [ˈbɪzi] adj.忙碌的
different [ˈdɪfrənt] adj.不同的,有差异的 be different from
sth.与某事不同:Allow children the space tovoice their opinions, even if
they are different from your
own.允许孩子表达自己的观点,即使他们的观点与你的不同。
【参】differently(adv.不同地)
citizen [ˈsɪtɪzn] n.公民,市民 an American
citizen一个美国公民
seize [siːz] v.抓住(时机等) 【例】He seized the boy’s
arm.他抓住了那个男孩的手臂。
occur [əˈkɜː] vi.发生,出现 What you said will never
occur.你说的永远也不会发生。
【参】occurrence(n.发生,出现)
waste [weɪst] v.浪费 n.废弃物;粪便 :Don’t waste your money
on silly things.不要把你的钱浪费在无聊的东西上。 It is a waste of time
to do…做…纯属浪费时间 It isa waste of time to wait for him
here.在这里等他纯属浪费时间。
shot [ʃɒt] n.射击,开枪,开炮,射击声;子弹;拍摄 It’s
reported that the police fired a warning shot at
thegangsters.据报道,警察向歹徒鸣枪示警。【参】shoot(v.射击)
band [bænd] n.乐队;带子;镶边 【例】a jazz
band一支爵士乐队
budget [ˈbʌdʒɪt] n./v.预算 【例】a family
budget家庭预算
unit [ˈjuːnɪt] n.单元;单位 【例】an army
unit一支部队
harm [hɑːm] n./vt.伤害,损伤 Being exposed to sunlight for
along time will do harm to one’s skin.长时间的阳光照射会对皮肤造成伤害。
【参】harmless(adj.无害的)
wealth [welθ] n.财富 【例】This country’s wealth comes from
its oil.这个国家的财富来自于它的石油。
else [els] adj.别的,其他的 What else did you
do?你还做了什么?
blow [bləʊ] n.击,打击 v.(blew, blown,
blowing)吹(气);刮风 【例】It was a great blow that he failed to pass
the exam.考试不及格给他带来了沉重的打击。
messy [ˈmesi] adj.乱七八糟的 【例】Jim’s room was full of
his son’s messy toys.吉姆的房间乱七八糟的,到处是他儿子的玩具。
wide [waɪd] adj.宽的,宽阔的;广泛的
edge [edʒ]
pleasure [ˈpleʒə] n.高兴,愉快
collar [ˈkɒlə]
exchange [Iksˈtʃeɪndʒ]
interview [ˈɪntəvjuː] n./v.采访;会见;面试 ,接见
【参】interviewer(n.会见者;面试官);interviewee(n.被访问者;面试者)
【例】We will talk about how applicants put through a short interview.
我们将讨论求职者如何进行简短的面试。
bunch [bʌntʃ]
outside [ˌaʊtˈsaɪd][ˈaʊtsaɪd] n.外面,外表,外界
adv.在外面,向外面,出界 prep.在…外 adj.外面的,外表的 【例】On the
outside, the house looked well cared
for.从外面来看,房屋保护得很好。//It is cold outside.外面很冷。
【参】outsider(n.外人,局外人)
try [traI] v.(tried, tried,
trying)尝试,试图;努力
find [faɪnd] vt.(found, found,
finding)找到,发现;感到
space [speɪs] n.空白处;空地;空间;太空 【例】Human beings
must make good use of the space on the
earth.人类必须合理利用地球上的空间。
invite [Inˈvaɪt] vt.邀请;招待 【例】He wanted to invite us
to dinner.他想邀请我们共进晚餐。
【参】invitation(n.邀请;请帖);uninvited(adj.未被邀请的)
fan [fæn]
n.(电影、运动等的)迷,狂热的爱好者、支持者;风扇 【例】Thousands of
fans flooded into the hall as the
superstarappeared.当那位超级明星出现在大厅时,数千名粉丝如潮水般涌向那里。
score [skɔː] n.[C]得分,分数;二十;许多,很多,抓痕,划痕
v.得分,记分;给(试卷等)打分,评分;刻痕于,画线于;获胜,成功
【例】There are still scores of boxes waiting to be
checked.还有许多箱子没有检查。
fail [feɪl] v.失败;不及格;衰退 【例】I failed my French
test.我的法语考试没及格。//His eyesightis
failing.他的视力正在衰退。
acute [əˈkjuːt] adj.尖锐的;敏锐的;严重的;(疾病)急性的
【例】It is urgent that the acute problem of water pollution in the
cityshould be dealt with.该城市水污染这一严重问题亟待解决。
sleepy [ˈsliːpi] adj.想睡的,困倦的,瞌睡的 【例】On a
summer day, the hot weather made Sara
sleepy.夏季的一天,炎热的天气使萨拉昏昏欲睡。
respond [rɪˈspɒnd] v.回答,回应;做出反应
anyhow [ˈenihaʊ] adv.不管怎样
downtown [ˈdaʊntaʊn] n./adj.市区(的),闹市区(的)
【例】downtown Manhattan曼哈顿商业区
humour [ˈhjuːmə] (美humor)n.幽默,幽默感 【例】He has a
good sense of humour.他很有幽默感。
which [wɪtʃ] pron.哪一个;哪一些
difference [ˈdɪfrəns] n.不同 【例】There are a lot of
differences between British English andAmerican
English.英式英语和美式英语间有很多差异。
sense [sens] n.感觉,意识
disagree [ˌdɪsəˈɡriː] vi.意见不一致,持不同意见
【参】disagreement(n.意见不一致;争论)
dozen [ˈdʌzn] n.十二个;许多
compete [kəmˈpiːt] vi.比赛,竞赛
guess [ɡes] v.猜,猜测;认为 【例】Harry guessed he was the
only one in his class who was stilllooking for a
job.哈里猜他是班里唯一还在找工作的人。
sour [ˈsaʊə] adj.酸的 【例】If you leave milk on the table
for a long time, it will go
sour.如果把牛奶长时间放在餐桌上,它会变酸的。
voyage [ˈvɔɪɪdʒ] n.航行,航海,旅行 【例】They made a
voyage to the distant island.他们航行去远方的小岛。
environment [Inˈvaɪrənmənt]
environmental (adj. 环境的)
【例】The one kind of subsidy whose removal appeared to have been bad
for the environment was the subsidy to manage soil erosion.
取消对土地流失管理部门的补助金给环境带来了不利影响。
character [ˈkærəktə] n.字符;性格;特征 【例】a Chinese
character一个汉字//He has a strong but
gentlecharacter.他性格坚强而又温柔。
insect [ˈɪnsekt] n.昆虫 【例】Most people think cockroaches
are disgusting insects.大多数人认为蟑螂是一种令人恶心的昆虫。
part [pɑːt] n.部分;角色 v.分离,分别 【例】If a small part
of the plane were to fail, the plane wouldexplode in the
sky.飞机上一个小零件出了问题都会使飞机在空中爆炸。
bear [beə] v.(bore, borne/born, bearing)承担;忍受 n.熊
【例】Who will bear the losses caused by
pollution?谁将承担污染所造成的损失?//I can’t bear sad
music.我受不了悲伤的音乐。
angle [ˈæŋɡl] n.角,角度 【例】The reporter wrote the story
from the political angle.记者从政治角度写了这篇报道。
outgoing [ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ] adj.好交际的,外向的;即将离职的
【例】She is an outgoing girl.她是个外向的女孩。
give [ɡɪv] v.(gave, given, giving)给,付出
【例】Collecting coins gives him great
pleasure.收集硬币给他带来了很多乐趣。
wander [ˈwɒndə] v.游荡;漫步;流浪 【例】As I moved up the
hill, my attention wandered for a fewminutes.上山途中我有几分钟走神了。
【参】wandering(adj.流浪的);wanderer(n.漫游者;流浪汉)
idea [aɪˈdɪə] n.主意,意见;打算,想法 【例】I had no idea
what to do when I faced the difficult
mathproblem.当我面对这道数学难题时,我不知道该怎么办。
sort [sɔːt] v.分类,拣选 n.种类,类别
call [kɔːl] n.叫;电话 v.称呼;呼唤;叫;呼叫
【参】recall(vt.回忆,记起)
how [haʊ] adv.怎样,如何;多少;多么 【例】Edward didn’t
know how to express his love when facing thebeautiful
girl.爱德华面对那个漂亮女孩时不知道怎么表达他的爱意。
early [ˈɜːli] adj.早的,早期的 adv.早,在早期 【例】In
order not to miss the first bus, Tom got up very
early.为了不错过首班车,汤姆起得很早。
independent [ˌɪndɪˈpendənt] adj.独立的,有主见的
【例】Symbols and the things they stand for are all independent ofeach
other.符号与它们代表的事物之间是相互独立的。
【参】independently(adv.独立地);independence(n.独立)
dismiss [dɪsˈmɪs] v.解雇;解散 【例】He was so
irresponsible that I decided to dismiss
him.他太不负责了,我决定解雇他。
content [kənˈtent][ˈkɒntent] adj.满意的 n.内容;含量
【例】After a good meal, we were all
content.美餐一顿之后,我们都心满意足了。//This dessert has a high fat
content.这种甜点脂肪含量很高。
permit [pəˈmɪt] v.(permitted, permitted,
permitting)许可,允许 n.许可证,执照 【例】You need a permit to park
here.在这里停车需要许可证。
【参】permission(n.允许,许可,同意)
court [kɔːt] n.法庭,法院;球场 【例】football courts足球场
【参】courtyard(n.庭院,院子)
youth [juːθ] n.青春;青年 【例】The twins played and
studied together in their youth.这对双胞胎年少时在一起玩耍和学习。
【参】youthful(adj.年轻的
possession [pəˈzeʃn] n.所有,拥有;财产,所有物 【例】The
photo of her husband is Mary’s most precious
possession.玛丽丈夫的这张照片是她最珍爱的物品。
【参】possessive(adj.所有的,占有的)
arrive [əˈraɪv] vi.到达,达到
【参】arrival(n.到来,到达)
unless [ənˈles] conj.如果不,除非 【例】It is known to all
that unless you exercise regularly, you won’tkeep good
health.众所周知,经常锻炼才会保持健康。
risk [rɪsk] n.冒险,风险 vt.冒…的危险 【例】He got
well-prepared for the job interview,for he couldn’t risk losing the good
opportunity.他为面试做了充分准备,因为他不能冒险失去这个好机会。
harvest [ˈhɑːvɪst] n./v.收割;收获(物) 【例】A skilled
worker can harvest9-14kilograms of tea leaves a
day.一名娴熟的工人每天可以采9~14公斤的茶叶。
mental [ˈmentl] adj.精神的,脑力的 【例】Forgiveness can be
helpful to your mental and physical
health.宽容有助于你的身心健康。//mental disorders精神错乱
electric [Iˈlektrɪk] adj.电的 【例】an electric
clock电子钟
fall [fɔːl] vi.(fell, fallen,
falling)落(下),降落;跌倒(英autumn) n.秋季
hand [hænd] n.手;指针 vt.交付;传递 【例】hand
luggage手提行李
relief [rɪˈliːf] n.缓解(疼痛);轻松 【例】This persuasive
girl can bring some relief to low-spirit
people.这个有说服力的女孩能够带给情绪低落的人一些慰藉。
figure [ˈfɪɡə] n.数字;人物;画像;身材
v.认为;(在心里)描绘 figure out计算出;弄明白:I cannot figure out why
he quittedhis job.我弄不明白他为什么辞职。
extra [ˈekstrə] adj.额外的,外加的 【例】I had to work
extra hours to finish the report.我得加班几小时来完成这个报告。
clear [klɪə] adj.清晰的;明亮的;清楚的 【例】Professor
Green gave a clear explanation of the
difficultproblem.格林教授对这个难题做了清楚的讲解。
luggage [ˈlʌɡɪdʒ] n.〈总称〉行李 【例】My luggage was
stolen at the bus station.我的行李在公交车站被偷了。
govern [ˈɡʌvn] v.统治;管理
【参】government(n.政府) 【例】The Liberal Democratic
Party governed Japan
fornearly40years.自由民主党统治了日本将近40年。
lovely [ˈlʌvli] adj.美好的,可爱的 【例】The little girl
looked lovely in a white long
dress.那个小女孩穿着白色的长裙,看上去很可爱。
familiar [fəˈmɪliə] adj.熟悉的
somewhere [ˈsʌmweə] adv.在某处,到某处 【例】I’ve seen her
somewhere before.我以前在什么地方见过她。
forgive [fəˈɡɪv] v.(forgave, forgiven,
forgiving)原谅,宽恕 Tom cannot forgive himself for not seeing his
motherbefore she
died.汤姆永远不能原谅自己,因为他未能在他的母亲去世前见她一面。
corporation [ˌkɔːpəˈreɪʃn] n.团体;公司,企业 【例】Mary
works for a corporation that produces
computers.玛丽在一家生产计算机的公司工作。
back [bæk] adv.回(原处);向后 adj.后面的
n.背后,后部;背
free [friː] adj.自由的,空闲的;免费的
very [ˈveri] adv.很,非常 adj.恰好的,正好的 That’s the
very thing I’vebeen looking for.那正是我一直在找的东西。
land [lænd] n.陆地 v.登陆;(使)降落 The pilot landed the
plane safely.驾驶员使飞机安全降落了。
flame [fleɪm]
political [pəˈlɪtɪkl] adj.政治的 【例】He is a political
leader.他是一名政治领袖。
【参】politician(n.政治家,政客);politics〔n.政治(学)〕
bit [bɪt] n.一点,一些,少量
journey [ˈdʒɜːni] n.旅行,路程 【例】The journey around the
world took the old sailor nine
months.老水手用9个月的时间完成了环球旅行。
lie [laI] n.谎言 vi.(lay, lain, lying)躺,卧,平放;位于
vt.(lied, lied, lying)说谎
//The newspaper is lying next to the bed.报纸在床旁边。//Lie still and
don’t make any noise.躺着别动,也不要发出任何声音。
merciful [ˈmɜːsɪfl] adj.仁慈的;宽大的 【例】The merciful
king set the prisoner free at the end of the
story.故事的最后,仁慈的国王释放了那个囚犯。
bend [bend] v.(bent, bent, bending)弯曲;弯腰,屈身
【例】Bend your arms and touch your shoulders.曲臂触摸双肩。//He bent
over the sink to do the dishes.他弯下腰在水槽里面洗碗。
【参】bent(adj.弯的)
cycle [ˈsaɪkl] n.周期;循环 vi.骑自行车,循环
vt.使循环
I cannot cycle to school today becausemy bike is
broken.今天我不能骑车上学,因为我的车坏了。
【参】bicycle(n.自行车);recycle(v.回收);tricycle(n.三轮车);cyclist(n.骑自行车的人)
annoy [əˈnɔI] vt.使烦恼,使生气;骚扰
【例】John’s little brother annoyed him by changing the TV
channels.约翰的弟弟总是换台,弄得他很烦。
【参】annoyance(n.烦恼);annoying(adj.烦人的);annoyingly(adv.烦人地)
mind [maɪnd] n.思想 v.介意
die [daI] v.(died, died, dying)死亡;消失;熄灭
The fire became weak and finally
diedout.火变得微弱,最终熄灭了。
fact [fækt] n.事实,现实
【参】factual [ˈfæktʃuəl](adj. 事实的;真实的,确凿的)
【例】I’m going there tomorrow, as a matter of
fact.实际上我明天就要去那儿。
declare [dɪˈkleə] v.宣布,声明;断言;申报(应纳税品)
【参】declaration
(n. 宣告,宣言);declarative (adj. 陈述的) 【例】If you
have nothing to declare, go through the Green
Channel.如果你没有物品需要申报,请走绿色通道。
warn [wɔːn] v.警告;预告
【参】warning(n.警告)
obey [əˈbeI] v.服从,顺从 【例】A soldier’s duty is to obey
orders.服从命令是士兵的职责。
【参】disobey(v.违抗,不服从)
grade [ɡreɪd] n.等级;(中小学的)学年;成绩,分数
【例】Jim’s elder brother will enter the sixth grade this
autumn.吉姆的哥哥今年秋季将升入六年级。
expensive [Ikˈspensɪv] adj.昂贵的,高消费的
【例】expensive region高消费区//The house rent is
expensive.房租很贵。
【参】inexpensive(adj.便宜的)
announce [əˈnaʊns] v.宣布,宣告
【例】John and Mary announced their engagement last
night.昨天晚上约翰和玛丽宣布了他们订婚的消息。
【参】announcement(n.通告,声明)announcer
(n. 广播员,播报员)
nowhere [ˈnəʊweə] adv.任何地方都不;无处 【例】The new
novel Henry writes can be bought
nowhere.亨利写的那本新小说什么地方都买不到。
persuade [pəˈsweɪd] v.说服,劝说;使相信 【例】I persuaded
her that what I had said was true.我使她相信了我的话。
decision [dɪˈsɪʒn] n.决定;决议
real [rɪəl] adj.真实的,确实的
【参】really(adv.真正地);reality(n.真实,现实)
seldom [ˈseldəm] adv.很少,不常 We couldhardly
move.我们几乎不能动
need [niːd] vt.需要modal v.必须 n.需要,需求 【例】You
don’t need to describe her, because I have met her
severaltimes.你不用给我形容她长什么样子,我已经见过她好几次了。
spot [spɒt] n.斑点,污点;场所,地点 vt.(spotted, spotted,
spotting)沾上污渍,弄脏;认出,发现 【例】spot
mistakes发现错误
anyway [ˈeniweI] adv.不管怎样
【例】I’m sorry about that.Anyway, I think I’ll be able to get to
worktomorrow.对此我感到抱歉。但不管怎样,我想明天我就能开始工作了。
punish [ˈpʌnɪʃ] v.惩罚,处罚 His parents punished himfor
coming home late.因为回家晚了,他的父母惩罚了他。
【参】punishment(n.惩罚)
challenge [ˈtʃælɪndʒ] n.挑战;挑战性 vt.挑战 He challenged
me to a game of chess.他向我挑战下棋。
situation [ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn] n.形势,情况
extraordinary [Ikˈstrɔːdnri] adj.
不同寻常的,非凡的;特别的 【例】It’s extraordinary that he managed to
sleep through the party.
真想不到他竟然从聚会一开始一直睡到结束。
frost [frɒst] n.霜 【例】The grass was covered with
frost.草被霜覆盖。
convince [kənˈvɪns] vt.使确信,使信服
【参】unconvinced (adj. 不信服的;不确定的) 【例】What
can I do to convince you of the
truth?我要怎么做才能让你相信这是事实?
shock [ʃɒk] vt.使震惊 n.震动,冲击
【参】shocking(adj.令人震惊的;令人厌恶的;非常糟的);shocked(adj.感到震惊的)
slight [slaɪt] adj. 轻微的,不足道的;纤细的,瘦弱的
vt./n. 轻视,藐视,轻 蔑
【参】slightly(adv.轻微地)
unfair [ˌʌnˈfeə] adj.不公平的,不公正的
【参】unfairly(adv.不公正地)
on [ɒn] prep.在…上;在…时候;在…地方;关于
adv.继续
screen [skriːn]
pay [peI] v.(paid, paid, paying)付钱,偿还 n.工资
【参】payment [ˈpeɪmənt] n. 支付;支付的款项 【例】People
in Sweden pay taxes on everything.在瑞典,人们对所有东西都纳税。//I
paid10yuan for the book.我买这本书花了十元钱。
goal [ɡəʊl]
consider [kənˈsɪdə] v.考虑;认为 Have you considered
goingabroad?你考虑过出国吗?
【参】consideration(n.考虑;关心)
simple [ˈsɪmpl] adj.简单的,简易的 【例】The question is so
simple that everyone can answer
it.这个问题很简单,每个人都能回答出来。
select [sɪˈlekt] vt.选择,挑选,选拔 adj.精选的 【例】Our
shops only select the product of the best
quality.我们商店只选质量最好的产品。
【参】selection(n.选择)
only [ˈəʊnli] adj.唯一的,仅有的 adv.只,仅仅 【例】I am an
only child.我是独生子。//She’s only15and shebecomes a famous movie
star.她只有15岁就成了著名影星。
drive [draɪv] v.驾驶,开(车);驱赶 【例】You must not
drive after drinking.酒后禁止驾车。
basement [ˈbeɪsmənt] n.地下室 【例】We stored all our old
things in the basement.我们把所有的旧物都存放在地下室里。
identity [aɪˈdentəti] n.身份;一致;特性 【例】Only when
your identity has been checked, will you be
allowedin.核实身份后你才可以进入。
hammer [ˈhæmə] n.锤子,锣锤 v.敲,锤击 【例】It is easy to
do the repair.All you need is a hammer and
somenails.把它修好很容易。你只需要一把锤子和一些钉子。//Shehammered on
the door with her hands.她用手锤打着门。
throw [θrəʊ] v.(threw, thrown, throwing)投,掷,扔
【例】She told her naughty son not to throw stones at the
window.她告诉淘气的儿子不要往窗户上扔石子。
embarrass [Imˈbærəs] vt.使困窘,使尴尬,使局促不安
【参】embarrassing(adj.令人尴尬的);embarrassed(adj.尴尬的)
bite [baɪt] v.(bit, bitten, biting)咬,叮 n.咬;一口
【例】Their dog bit a hole in my
trousers.他们的狗把我的裤子咬了一个窟窿。//He ate the bread at one
bite.他一口吃掉了那块面包。
energy [ˈenədʒi] n.精力;能量;能源 【例】energy
sources能源//energy conservation节能
festival [ˈfestɪvl] n.节日 adj.节日的,喜庆的 【例】the
Spring Festival春节
expect [Ikˈspekt] v.预料;期望;要求
【参】unexpected(adj.意外的,想不到的);expectedly(adv.预料之中地);unexpectedly(adv.出乎意料地);expectation(n.预料;期望)expectancy(n. 期待,期望;预期数额(如寿命等))
camp [kæmp] n./v.野营,宿营 【例】summer camp夏令营
【参】campsite(n.宿营地);campfire(n.营火)
analysis [əˈnæləsɪs] n.分析;解析 【例】The boss was
pleased with John’s analysis of the currenteconomic
situation.老板很满意约翰对当前经济形势的分析。
【参】analyse(v.分析;研究);analyst(n.分析者;化验员)
evident [ˈevɪdənt] adj.明显的,显然的 【例】It is evident
that you are not telling me the truth.很明显,你没和我说实话。
smoke [sməʊk] n.烟 v.冒烟;吸烟 【例】The“No Smoking”sign
in the room means that smokers mustgo outside for a
smoke.房间中的禁止吸烟标志表明吸烟者要去外面吸烟。
deaf [def] adj.聋的 【例】a deaf-and-dumb man聋哑人
【参】blind(adj.瞎的);lame(adj.瘸的);dumb(adj.哑的)
dial [ˈdaɪəl] v.拨(电话号码) 【例】I dialed several
times, but I got a busy signal each
time.我拨了好几次电话,但每次都是忙音。
repeat [rɪˈpiːt] vt.重说,重做;重复 【例】Mary asked the
man to repeat because she did not hear
himclearly.玛丽让那个男人再重复一遍,因为她没听清楚。
plenty [ˈplenti] n.充足,大量,丰富 【例】Now, there is
plenty of food and water for people who sufferfrom
flood.现在,遭受洪灾的人有充足的食物和水。
【参】plentiful(adj.许多的,大量的)
humorous [ˈhjuːmərəs] adj.幽默的 【例】The group of young
students were creative, energetic,
andhumorous.这群年轻的学生富有创造力、精力充沛而且幽默。
geography [dʒiˈɒɡrəfi] n.地理学 【例】a geography
textbook地理课本
correction [kəˈrekʃn] n.改正 【例】corrections of the
errors改错
bare [beə] vt.使赤裸;露出 adj.赤裸的;光秃的 【例】The dog
bared its teeth and growled.那条狗龇着牙咆哮着。
action [ˈækʃn] n.行动 Immediateaction should be taken to
stop the spreading of the fire.必须采取紧急措施阻止火势蔓延。
laugh [lɑːf] n.笑,大笑,笑声;嘲笑 vi.笑,大笑 【例】It’s
impolite for students to laugh at their poor
classmates.学生们嘲笑贫困的同学是不礼貌的。
request [rɪˈkwest] n./vt.要求,请求 【例】These materials
are in great request.对这些材料的需求量很大。//Visitors are requested
not to touch the exhibits.游客们被要求不要触摸展览品。
cause [kɔːz] n.原因,起因 vt.促使,引起 【例】The public
have known a great deal about the causes of
heartdisease.人们对于导致心脏病的原因已颇为了解。//This disease maycause
memory loss.这种病可能会导致记忆丧失。
destroy [dɪˈstrɔI] v.破坏,毁坏 【例】destroy
forests破坏森林//destroy trust破坏信任
forward [ˈfɔːwəd] adj.早的;前进的 adv.向前,前进
【例】They moved the meeting forward from the 20th to the
18th.他们把会议日期从20号提前到了18号。
distinction [dɪˈstɪŋkʃn] n.区别;差别
limit [ˈlɪmɪt] vt.限制,限定;减少 【例】My mother limits
the amount of food that I eat.我母亲限制我的饭量。
expand [Ikˈspænd] vt.扩张 vi.发展
v.(使)膨胀,(使)扩张;张开,展开;详述 【参】expanding
(adj. 扩大的);expansion
(n. 扩张,膨胀);expanse (n. 宽广空间) 【例】expand
markets拓展市场//Metals expand when they
areheated.金属遇热膨胀。
custom [ˈkʌstəm] n.习惯,习俗 【例】Eating roast turkey is
a Thanksgiving custom.感恩节吃烤火鸡是一种习俗。
tense [tens] adj.紧张的,紧张不安的 n.时态 【例】He was
tense and nervous.他很紧张,很不安。
puzzle [ˈpʌzl] n.难题;(字、画)谜 v.(使)迷惑,困扰
【例】I like doing crossword puzzles.我喜欢玩填字游戏。
【参】puzzled(adj.迷惑不解的)
affair [əˈfɛər] n.事件;(尤指)风流韵事 【例】a love
affair一段恋情 I have a few affairs to take care of this
week.我这周有几件事要处理。
cheer [ʃɪər] n./v.欢呼,喝彩 【例】The spectators are
cheering for the winner.观众们正在为冠军喝彩。
admire [ədˈmaɪə] vt.钦佩;羡慕 【例】I admire his
courage.我钦佩他的勇气。
【参】admirer(n.钦佩者)admirable(adj.值得钦佩的)
suspect [səˈspekt][ˈsʌspekt] v.怀疑 n.犯罪嫌疑人 【例】I
suspect she is lying.我怀疑她在说谎。
【参】suspected(adj.被怀疑的)
piece [piːs] n.一块(片,张,件);小的部分 【例】Down fell
the mirror, breaking into pieces.镜子掉下来,摔碎了。
pull [pʊl] v.拉,拖,拽 n.拉力,引力 【例】He pulled the
door open.他拉开了门。
【参】pulled(v.拉,拖,拽);pulling(v.拉,拖,拽);pulled(v.拉,拖,拽);push(v.推)
lamp [læmp] n.灯,油灯;光源 【例】a desk lamp台灯 the
electric lamp 电灯
sale [seɪl]
assume [əˈsjuːm] vt. 假定,设想;承担(责任),就(职)
【例】Mary mistakenly assumed that she would get the
job.玛丽错认为她会得到那份工作。
【参】assumption(n.假定,设想)
miss [mɪs] v.错过;想念 【例】I miss my parents so
much.我十分想念我的父母。
【参】missing(adj.丢失的,迷路的,不见了的);unmissable(adj.不能错过的)
partly [ˈpɑːtli] adv.部分地,在一定程度上 【例】The police
thought that what the boy said was partly
true.警方认为那个男孩所说的有一部分是实话。
key [kiː] n.[C]钥匙;答案;键;关键(常与to连用) 【例】The
thief opened Mr.White’s door with his lost
key.小偷用怀特先生丢的钥匙打开了他家的门。
determine [dɪˈtɜːmɪn] v.决定;测定;确定 【例】Our social
positions determine the way we are
dressed.我们的社会地位决定我们的穿着方式。//I was very grateful and
determined torepay him one day.我非常感激他,决定以后报答他。
【参】determined(adj.坚决的);determination(n.决定,决心)
disaster [dɪˈzɑːstə] n.灾难,祸患 【例】a natural
disaster自然灾害
example [Iɡˈzɑːmpl] n.例子,范例;榜样 【例】The teacher
wrote an example on the blackboard.老师在黑板上写了一个例子。
punctual [ˈpʌŋktʃuəl] adj.准时的 【例】Please try to be
more punctual in the future.以后请尽量准时。
prohibit [prəˈhɪbɪt] vt.禁止,阻止
【参】prohibition (n. 禁令);prohibitive
(adj. 禁止的;贵得买不起的) 【例】 Smoking is prohibited on most
occasions. 大多数场合都禁止吸烟。
overcome [ˌəʊvəˈkʌm] v.战胜,克服,胜过 【例】If we work
with a strong will, we can overcome any
difficulty.只要我们有毅力,就能克服任何困难。
address [əˈdres] n.地址 v.讲话;发表演说 vt.
致函,写姓名地址;向…讲话,演说;设法解决,处理,对付 n. 地址;致词
【例】The actress told her friends her new address and hoped theycould
come to visit
her.那个女演员告诉了朋友们她的新地址,希望他们能够来做客。
donate [dəʊˈneɪt] v.捐赠,赠送 【参】donation
(n. 捐款,捐赠物);donator (n. 捐赠者)
contribute (v. 捐助,捐献);present (vt.
赠送) 【例】The school calls on the students to donate their
bloodvoluntarily.学校号召学生义务献血。
focus [ˈfəʊkəs] v.聚焦,集中 n.中心,焦点 【例】The passage
focuses onexamination and equity.这篇文章的主题是考试与公平。
disadvantage [ˌdɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒ] n.不利条件;弱点 【例】the
advantages and disadvantages利弊
matter [ˈmætə] n.事情,物质;原因 vi.要紧,有重大关系
【用】no matter无论(与疑问词连用,引导让步状语从句):Nomatter where you
go, I will follow you.无论你去哪儿,我都会跟着你。 【例】What’s the
matter?什么事?//It doesn’t matter to me what you
do.你做什么对我并不重要。
especially [Iˈspeʃəli] adv.特别,尤其 【例】You should
improve your English, especially your
spokenEnglish.你应该提高你的英语水平,尤其是口语。
wear [weə] v.(wore, worn,
wearing)穿,戴;留,蓄;磨损,使变旧 【例】He always wears
green.他总是穿着绿色的衣服。//John likesto wear long
hair.约翰喜欢留长发。
【参】wearable(adj.可穿戴的;耐磨的);wearer(n.穿戴者,佩带者);worn(adj.用旧的;疲倦的)
about [əˈbaʊt] adv.大约;到处,周围
prep.关于;在附近,在周围 【例】He is somewhere about the
office.他在办公室附近。//He likesreading books about
travelling.他喜欢读关于旅行的书。
praise [preɪz] n./vt.赞扬,表扬 【例】The police officer
waspraised for his bravery.这名警官因为英勇而受到表扬。
but [bʌt] conj.但是,可是 prep.除了,除…外 【例】But for my
brother’s help, I would not have
finished.要不是我哥哥帮忙,我是无法完成的。
afraid [əˈfreɪd] adj.害怕的;担心的
【参】frightened(adj.害怕的,受惊的);scared(adj.害怕的,恐惧的)
family [ˈfæməli] n.家;家人 【例】All my family like
watching movies.我的家人都喜欢看电影。
importance [Imˈpɔːtns] n.重要性 【例】They place great
importance on children getting good
studyresults.他们十分重视孩子取得优异的学习成绩。
health [helθ] n.健康,卫生 【例】He is in poor
health.他的健康状况很差。
【参】healthy(adj.健康的,健壮的);healthful(adj.有益于健康的);unhealthy(adj.不健康的,对健康有害的)
or [ɔː] conj.或者;还是,否则 【例】I just don’t care about
whether you believe it or not.我才不在乎你信还是不信呢。
distance [ˈdɪstəns]
distant(adj.在远处的)
take [teɪk] v.(took, taken, taking)拿走;接受,接纳
【例】Don’t forget to take your umbrella.别忘了带上你的雨伞。 take
action 采取行动 take medicine 吃药 take the bus 乘公共汽车 You should
take her advice. 你应当接受她的建议。
leave [liːv] v.(left, left, leaving)离开;留下;遗忘
【例】I left my bag at home.我把包忘在家里了。
guidance [ˈɡaɪdns] n.引导,指导 【例】marriage guidance
service婚姻咨询服务
worried [ˈwʌrid] adj.担心的;烦恼的 【例】The police were
worried that the witness might have
beenkilled.警方担心目击者可能已经被害。
wave [weɪv] v.挥手;摇动;波动 n.波,波浪 【例】My mother
was crying as I waved her goodbye.我向母亲挥手告别时她哭了。
what [wɒt] pron./adj./conj.什么
rare [reə] adj.罕见的,稀有的 【例】Skilled and responsible
retail managers are
rare.工作熟练而又有责任心的零售经理比较少见。
outdoors [ˌaʊtˈdɔːz] adv.在户外,在野外 n.户外 【例】Tom is
a sports fan and a lover of the
out-doors.汤姆是个体育迷,也喜欢在户外活动。
gentle [ˈdʒentl] adj.温柔的,柔和的 【例】gentle
comedy轻喜剧
【参】gentleman(n.先生;绅士);gentlemanly`(adj.绅士派头的)
equal [ˈiːkwəl] adj.平等的,相等的 vt.等于,比得上
【例】Men and women should enjoy equal
rights.男人和女人应该享有平等的权利。
【参】equally(adv.同样地,相同地);equality(n.平等,同等)
difficulty [ˈdɪfɪkəlti] n.困难,费力;异议
always [ˈɔːlweɪz] adv.总是;一直;永远 【例】The child is
always biting his nails.那个孩子老是咬指甲。
prejudice [ˈpredʒudɪs] n.偏见,成见 【例】There should not
be prejudice against foreigners.对外国人不应存有偏见。
pattern [ˈpætn]
understand [ˌʌndəˈstænd] v.(understood, understood,
understanding)懂得,理解;明白 【例】Do you understand
Italian?你懂意大利语吗?
【参】understanding(n.谅解,理解)
cost [kɒst] n.成本;代价 vt.(cost, cost,
costing)花费;使付出(代价)
【参】costly(adj.昂贵的,贵重的)
shall [ʃæl] modal v.将要,会;应该;…好吗
way [weI] n.道路;方法;作风
ceremony [ˈserəməni] n.典礼,仪式 【例】The graduation
ceremony in many universities is an important occasion.
在很多大学,毕业典礼都是重要的场合。
effect [Iˈfekt]
effective (adj. 有效的);effectively (adv.
有效地);effectiveness
(n. 有效性);ineffective (adj. 无效的)
civilian [səˈvɪliən] n.平民,老百姓 【例】In this town, two
civilians have died of the infectious
smallpox.这个镇上有两个居民死于传染性的天花。
prepare [prɪˈpeə] v.准备;配制 【例】John is preparing us a
meal.约翰正在为我们做饭。
【参】preparation(n.准备)
whether [ˈweðə] conj.是否 【例】I’m not sure whether I have
time this Sunday.我不敢肯定这个周日是否有时间。
someone [ˈsʌmwʌn] pron.某人;重要人物 【例】We should hire
someone to look after our pet.我们该雇个人来照看我们的宠物。
countryside [ˈkʌntrisaɪd] n.乡下,农村 【例】I will spend
this summer holiday in the countryside.我将在乡下度过这个暑假。
account [əˈkaʊnt]
process [ˈprəʊses] vt.加工,处理 n.程序;方法;过程
【例】They are still processing the research
data.他们还在处理研究数据。Unlike watching TV, reading is a highly
active process.与看电视不同,阅读是一个非常积极主动的过程。
【参】processer(n.处理器)
achievement [əˈtʃiːvmənt] n.[U]完成,达到;[C]成就,成绩
【例】The scientist has made a great achievement in the field ofphysics
in the past
decade.在过去的十年中,这位科学家在物理领域取得了巨大的成就。
host [həʊst] n.主人;节目主持人 vt.招待;主持 【例】I’m
glad to host the forum.我很高兴能主持这次论坛。
【参】hostess(n.女主人)
awful [ˈɔːfl] adj.糟糕的,可怕的 【例】The food at that
restaurant was awful.那家餐馆的饭菜太难吃了。
【参】awfully(adv.非常,极其)
trade [treɪd] n.贸易 v.买卖 【例】the World Trade
Center世贸中心 【参】trader(n.商人)
contribute [kənˈtrɪbjuːt]
contribution
(n. 贡献);contributor
(n. 促成因素);contributory (adj. 促成的) 【例】Lack of
exercisesmay contribute to juvenile
obesity.缺乏锻炼可能会使青少年患上肥胖症。
travel [ˈtrævl] n./vi.旅行 【例】The book is based on the
author’s travels all over the
world.这本书是依据作者在世界各地的旅行而写成的。
【参】traveler(n.旅行者)
excite [Ikˈsaɪt] vt.刺激;使兴奋,使激动 【例】The thought
of a trip to the mountains excited him.一想到要去山里玩,他就无比兴奋。
【参】excited(adj.兴奋的);exciting(adj.令人兴奋的);excitement(n.激动,兴奋)
thinking [ˈθɪŋkɪŋ] n.思索;见解;想法 【例】Current
thinking on this question is how to do it rather than who will do
it.当前关于这个问题应该思考的是如何做而不是谁去做。
recognize [ˈrekəɡnaɪz] vt. 认出;承认,认可 【例】I
recognized Tom the moment I saw him.我一见到汤姆就认出他来了。
show [ʃəʊ] v.(showed, shown/showed,
showing)给…看,出示,显示 n.展示,展览(会);演出 【例】He showed
great interest in music.他对音乐很感兴趣。
beneath [bɪˈniːθ] prep.在…下方,在…下面 【例】They rested
beneath the trees.他们在树下休息。
education [ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn] n.教育,培养 【例】higher
education高等教育 He got a good education.他受过良好的教育。
【参】educational(adj.教育的);co-educational(adj.男女合校的)
fear [fɪə] n./v.害怕,恐惧,担忧 【例】He was shaking with
fear.他害怕得直发抖。
form [fɔːm] n.表格;形式;结构 v.形成,组建 【例】fill out
the form填好这个表格//form good habits形成良好习惯
murder [ˈmɜːdə] n./v.谋杀 【例】A man is being questioned
in relation to the murder.一名男子因涉嫌谋杀正在接受审问。
publish [ˈpʌblɪʃ] v.出版,发行 【例】This magazine is
published monthly.这本杂志是月刊。
【参】publisher(n.出版商)
adaptation [ˌædæpˈteɪʃn] n.[U]适应,适合;[C]改编本 【例】A
screen adaptation of Shakespeare’s Macbeth is going to meetthe
audience.莎士比亚的《麦克白》将被改编并搬上银幕与观众见面。
secure [sɪˈkjʊə] adj.安全的,可靠的;放心的,无虑的 v.
保护,得到某物,使安全;获得 【例】It’s not secure to drive without a
safety belt.开车时不系安全带很危险。
【参】security(n.安全, 保 障)securely (adv.
安全地;安心地)securable (adj. 可得到的)
toward(s) [təˈwɔːd(z)] prep.向,朝,对于 【例】The little
boy came out running towards his mother with tearsin his
eyes.小男孩出来后哭着朝妈妈跑去。
【参】forward(s)(adv.向前地;向将来地;提前地);backwards(adv.向后地,相反地);upwards(adv.向上地)
annual [ˈænjuəl] adj. 每年的,年度的
n. 年刊,年鉴;一年生植物 【参】 annually (adv.
一年一次,每年) 【例】The annual company barbecue was a
success.公司一年一度的烧烤野餐很成功。
bush [bʊʃ] n.灌木丛,矮树丛 【例】a rose
bush玫瑰丛
asleep [əˈsliːp] adj.睡着的,熟睡的 【例】Coffee makes you
exited and prevents youfrom falling asleep.咖啡使你兴奋,让你睡不着觉。
【参】sleepy(adj.困倦的);sleeping(adj.睡着的;睡觉用的)
promise [ˈprɒmɪs] v.答应,允诺;预示
n.答应,允诺;希望,前景 【例】I have promised to meet him at the
airport at 3:30 tomorrow afternoon.
我已经答应他明天下午三点半在机场见。I can’t give you the CD; I’ve
promised it to James.我不能把这张CD给你,我已经答应给詹姆斯了。I
promised my father that I would come back home before 5:00p.m.
我答应父亲下午5点前会回家。This year promises to be another good one for
harvests.今年看来又是个丰收年。
【参】promising(adj.有希望的,有前途的)
stop [stɒp] v.(stopped, stopped, stopping)停止;阻止
n.停; 【例】The mother tried to stop her young daughter going out on
dates. 母亲试图阻止小女儿外出约会。
compulsory [kəmˈpʌlsəri]
adj.(课程)必修的;强制的;义务的;必须做的 【例】A composition class
is compulsory for all college
students.写作课是所有大学生的必修课。
iron [ˈaɪən] n.铁;熨斗 v.熨烫 【例】A new iron has been
discovered on that planet.在那个行星上发现了一种新的铁元素。She washed
and ironed her dress.她把衣服洗干净,然后熨平。
worth [wɜːθ] adj.值得的;价值 【例】The man isn’t worth
waiting for.这个男人不值得等。That necklace is worth $500 at the
most.那条项链最多值500美元。
clap [klæp] v.(clapped, clapped, clapping)拍手,鼓掌
【例】They clap their hands in time to the
music.他们随着音乐的节拍拍起手来。
recover [rɪˈkʌvə] vi.痊愈 vt.恢复;重新获得 v.
重新获得,重新得到;使复原,使康复;收回,挽回 【例】It may take him a
month to recover from the operation. 他手术后需要一个月的时间康复。
【参】recovery(n.恢复,痊愈)
across [əˈkrɒs] prep.横过,穿过 【例】We swam across the
river.我们游到河对岸。
any [ˈeni] adj.任何的;一些 pron.任何一个;任何一些
【例】Take any book you like.你喜欢哪本书就拿哪本。There isn’t any chair
in this room.这间房子里一把椅子都没有。
standard [ˈstændəd] n.标准,规格 adj.标准的 【例】standard
room(旅馆的)标准间
pronounce [prəˈnaʊns] v.发音 【例】How do you pronounce
your name? 你的名字怎么念?
【参】pronunciation(n.发音)
contemporary [kənˈtemprəri] adj.当代的;同时代的
【例】contemporary painters当代画家//contemporary
literature当代文学
load [ləʊd] n.担子,货物;负担 vt.使分担;装载 【例】I set
down my heavy load when I reached the bus
station.到达公交车站时,我把重担卸了下来。
test [test] n./vt.测试,考查,试验 【例】All of the
students have passed the English
test.所有的学生都通过了英语测试。
should [ʃʊd] modal v.应当,应该 【例】Parents should talk
with their children frequently.父母应经常和孩子交谈。It’s nearly 7∶00.
Jack should be here at any moment.快七点了,杰克可能随时会到。I was
really anxious aboutyou.You shouldn’t have left home without a
word.你让我很担心,你不应该一句话也不说就离开了家。
local [ˈləʊkl] adj.当地的,地方的 【例】the local
government 当地政府
respect [rɪˈspekt] n.尊敬,尊重;方面 vt.尊敬,尊重
【例】Every country should take mutual respect as one of
theirprinciples.各国都应该把互相尊重作为一项原则。
【参】respectful(adj.恭敬的,尊敬的)
various [ˈveəriəs] adj.各种各样的,不同的 【例】We sell
various products.我们出售各种各样的产品。The boy made up various reasons
for being late. 男孩为自己的迟到编造了各种理由。The colours of the
twoboxes are different.那两个盒子的颜色不同。
thought [θɔːt] n.思考,思想;念头 【例】I was sunk in my
thought.我陷入了沉思。
【参】thoughtful(adj.思考的;体贴的);thoughtless(adj.欠考虑的)
cross [krɒs] n.十字形的东西;十字架 vt.越过;穿过 【例】The
guide led us to cross the river by boat.导游带领我们乘船渡河。
lift [lɪft] (美elevator)n.电梯 vt.举起,抬起
vi.升起,(云、烟等)消散 【例】wait for the lift 等电梯//Please lift
the box and put it on the table.请把盒子抬起来放到桌子上。
far [fɑː] adj./adv.(farther/further,
farthest/furthest)远的(地) 【例】It’s far better to go by
plane.乘飞机去要好得多。This is by far the most urgent issue of the
age.这是当代最紧迫的问题
pick [pɪk] v.拾起,采集;挑选 【例】Cathy picked up a lot
of Spanish by playing with the native boys and
girls.和当地的孩子们一起玩耍让凯茜学了一些西班牙语。I can pick you up at
the station and then we may have dinner together in
town.我可以去车站接你,然后我们一起在城里吃饭。
【参】picker(n.采集者)
swallow [ˈswɒləʊ] vt.吞下;咽下n.燕子 【例】Chew your food
properly before swallowing it.食物仔细嚼碎后再咽下。
dress [dres] v.穿衣,打扮 n.女服,连衣裙;服装
【例】Dressed in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a
doctor.穿着白色制服的他看起来更像个厨师而不是医生。She dressed herself
neatly for work.为了工作她穿得很整洁。She had to dress like a
man.她不得不穿得像个男人。Some people dress up to pretend to
bebeggars.一些人装扮成乞丐。
【参】undress(v.脱衣服)
training [ˈtreɪnɪŋ] n.培训 【例】These new employees have
received necessary training for their coming
work.这些新雇员已经为即将从事的工作接受了必要的培训。
cure [kjʊə] n./v.治疗,医好 【例】Modern medicine has cured
many diseases.现代医学治愈了许多疾病。This new medicine soon cured my
cold.这种新药很快治好了我的感冒。
general [ˈdʒenrəl] adj.
一般的,普通的;全体的,普遍的;大体的,概括的;首席的 n. 将军
【例】general idea大意//general manager总经理
【参】generally(adv.一般地,通常)generalization
(n. 归纳,概括)
sink [sɪŋk] v.(sank, sunk,
sinking)(使)下沉;消沉;陷入n.洗涤槽,污水槽 【例】The British had to
sink this warship.英国人必须击沉这艘军舰。
【参】unsinkable(adj.不会下沉的);sinking(n.沉没)
commitment [kəˈmɪtmənt] n.承诺,许诺;保证;献身;投入
【例】The government’s commitment to public services has been put into
practice.政府就公共服务所做的承诺已经开始实施了。
dormitory [ˈdɔːmətri] (缩写为dorm)n.学生宿舍
helicopter [ˈhelɪkɒptə] n.直升机 【例】There is no place to
land the helicopter here.这里没有直升机降落的地方。
article [ˈɑːtɪkl] n.文章;东西;物品;冠词 【例】This
article mainly tells about the story of a
beauty.这篇文章主要讲述了一个美丽女人的故事。
put [pʊt] vt.(put, put, putting)放,摆 【例】Where did
the man put his cellphone?那个男士把手机放在哪里了?
possibility [ˌpɒsəˈbɪləti] n.可能,可能性 【例】There is a
possibility that the President will pay a visit to ouruniversity
tomorrow.总统明天可能会来访问我们大学。
【参】impossibility(n.不可能)
error [ˈerə] n.错误 【例】They try to find a solution by
trial and error.他们反复试验以寻求解决方案。
fun [fʌn] n.乐趣,娱乐
【参】funny(adj.有趣的;好笑的)
bid [bɪd] v./n.(bid/bade, bid/bidden, bidding)出价,投标
【例】He bid $50 for a piece of stamp.他为一张邮票出价50美元。
reduce [rɪˈdjuːs] vt.减少,缩减,缩小;简化 【例】reduce
pressure减小压力
flash [flæʃ] n.闪,闪光,转瞬间v.(使)闪光,(使)闪现
【例】I’ll be back in a flash.我马上就回来。
【参】flashlight(n. 闪光信号灯;手电筒)
tell [tel] v.(told, told, telling)告诉,吩咐;辨别,知道
【例】Tell me your name.告诉我你的名字。//Calm down and tell me what
happened.冷静下来,告诉我发生了什么事。//Did you tell him about the
party?你告诉他晚会的事了吗?//The woman tells her son to keep his room
in order.妈妈告诉儿子要保持屋子的整洁。//I can’t tell the difference
between the twins.我分辨不出这对双胞胎的区别。
altogether [ˌɔːltəˈɡeðə] adv.总共 【例】It’s $40
altogether.总共40美元。
literary [ˈlɪtərəri] adj.文学的 【例】War and Peace is a
literary classic.《战争与和平》是一部文学经典著作。
treasure [ˈtreʒə] n.金银财宝,财富 【例】Workers have found
buried treasure in that emperor’s tomb.
工人们在那个皇帝的陵墓中发现了埋藏的宝藏。
represent [ˌreprɪˈzent] vt. 代表;表示;表现 【例】The
competition attracted over 300 contestants representing 10
countries.这次竞赛吸引了代表10个国家的300多个参赛者。
surrounding [səˈraʊndɪŋ] adj.周围的 n.围绕;
【参】surroundings n.周围的事物,环境 【例】The house is set in
beautiful surroundings.这栋房子周围环境优美。
think [θɪŋk] v.(thought, thought,
thinking)想,思索;认为;考虑 【例】I don’t think it is necessary to
call him.我认为没有必要给他打电话。//I don’t think so.我认为不是这样。
//I don’t think you have thought out all the consequences of your
action.我想你并没有考虑清楚自己行为所带来的全部后果。
recite [rɪˈsaɪt] v.背诵 【例】Each child had to recite a
poem in the class.每个孩子都得在班上背诵一首诗。
disturb [dɪˈstɜːb] v.打扰,扰乱 【例】I’m really sorry to
have disturbed you.很抱歉打扰你了。
【参】disturbing(adj.令人不安的;引起烦恼的);disturbed(adj.扰乱的;心烦意乱的)
improve [Imˈpruːv] v.改进,更新 【例】My advisor encouraged
me to take a summer course to improvemy writing skills.
指导老师鼓励我参加暑期课程来提高写作技巧。
【参】improvement(n.改进;进步)
shape [ʃeɪp] n.形状,外形 vt.使成形;制造,塑造
【例】pear-shaped 梨形的
suppose [səˈpəʊz] vt.猜想,假定 vi.料想 【例】The Snowman
is supposed to live in the highest mountain in the world—Mount
Qomolangma.人们猜想雪人居住在世界最高的山峰——珠穆朗玛峰上。// supposed
to have a chemistry class, but the teacher was out of town for a
meeting.我们本应该上化学课,但老师出城开会去了。
lack [læk] n./v.缺乏,缺少 【例】There is a lack of trust
between us.我们之间缺乏信任。
race [reɪs] n.种族;比赛 v.赛跑,比赛 【例】human
race人类//a bike tour and race自行车旅行竞赛//Thirteen vehicles lined up
last March to race across the Mojave
Desert.十三辆汽车于去年三月整队,角逐莫哈韦沙漠越野赛。
adolescent [ˌædəˈlesnt]
adolescence(n.青春期)
habit [ˈhæbɪt] n.习惯,习性 【例】He developed a habit of
smoking.他养成了抽烟的习惯。
【参】habitual(adj.习惯的);habitually(adv.习惯地)
significance [sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns] n.意义,重要性 【例】Few people
realized the significance of the
discovery.很少有人意识到这一发现的重要性。
【参】significant(adj.有意义的,重要的)significantly
(adv.重大地;明显地)
hurry [ˈhʌri] v.赶快;急忙n.匆忙,仓促 【例】Could you
hurry them up?你能不能催他们一下?Why are you in such a
hurry?你为什么这么着急?
attention [əˈtenʃn]
attentive(adj.
注意的,专心的;关心的,体贴的;留意的) 【例】 One problem that
deserves attention now is the severe climate.
现在,恶劣的气候是需要引起人们关注的一个问题。
interesting [ˈɪntrəstɪŋ] adj.有趣的 【例】The shop
assistant introduced an interesting book to these
children.店员向这些孩子们介绍了一本有趣的书。
stress [stres] n.压力 vt.强调 【例】Many managers suffer
from stress.许多经理都承受着压力。//An army spokesman stressed that all
the soldiers had been ordered to issue clear warnings before firing any
shot.军方发言人强调,所有士兵已被命令在开枪前必须发出明确警告。
impress [Imˈpres] vt.留下印象 【例】Your pretty face really
impressed me. 你美丽的面庞给我留下了非常深刻的印象。
【参】impression(n.印象,感觉);impressive(adj.印象深刻的)
percentage [pəˈsentɪdʒ] n.百分率;比例 【例】This kind of
drink contains a large percentage of alcohol.
这种酒的酒精含量极高。
non-stop [ˌnɒnˈstɒp] adj./adv.不停的(地),不间断的(地)
【例】It is a ridiculous idea that someone wants to build a non-stop
machine.有人想制造永动机,这想法真是太荒谬了。
behave [bɪˈheɪv] v.表现;行为得体 【例】Sonia has been
behaving strangely lately. 索尼娅近来的表现有点奇怪。//You can come if
you promise to behave yourself. 只要你答应听话,就可以来。
【参】well-behaved(adj.彬彬有礼的,行为端正的)
belong [bɪˈlɒŋ] vi.属,附属 【例】The earth belongs to all
the creature. 地球属于一切生物。
【参】belongings(n.财产,所有物)
there [ðeə] int.那!你瞧!(表示引起注意)adv.在那里
【例】// There is nothing new under the sun.太阳底下无新事。 //There
comes my boyfriend.我男朋友过来了。// Martha had been working for Miller
Laboratories for two years, but she was not happy there.
马莎在米勒实验室工作两年了,但她在那儿并不开心。
steep [stiːp] adj.险峻的,陡峭的 【例】It was the steepest
mountain I had ever climbed. 这是我爬过的最陡的山。
survival [səˈvaɪvl] n.幸存;生存
【参】survive(v.幸存) 【例】The drought worsened the
wildlife’s chances of survival in
Africa.干旱使非洲的野生动物更难生存。
divide [dɪˈvaɪd]
divided(adj.分开的,不同的);division(n.分开,区分)
teenager [ˈtiːneɪdʒə] n.(13~19岁的)青少年,十几岁的少年
【例】This kind of magazine is aimed at
teenagers.这种杂志的目标读者是青少年。
except [Ikˈsept] prep.除…之外 【例】Nobody knows except
you.除了你没人知道。// The room is empty except for a
table.房间里除了一张桌子外什么也没有。She remembered nothing except that
his hair was black.她什么都不记得了,只记得他的头发是黑的。
【参】exception(n.例外)
past [pɑːst] adj.过去的,最近的 n.过去,往事
prep.经过;晚于 【例】If someone wanted to reach the river at this
point, he had to went past our
camp.如果有人想从这里过河就必须经过我们的营地。//Days went past without
any news.日子过去了,没有一点消息。
damage [ˈdæmɪdʒ] n./v.毁坏,损害 【例】brain
damage大脑损伤//Will this shampoo damage the
hair?这种洗发水会损害头发吗?// They are doing damage to our
houses.他们正在毁坏我们的房子。
【参】damaging(adj.破坏性的)
pair [peə] n.一双,一对 【例】According to the local
custom, people throw rice and candy at the married
pair.根据当地的风俗,人们要向新婚夫妇身上扔米和糖果。
value [ˈvæljuː] n.价值,益处 vt.估价,评价 【例】What is
the value of your house? 你的房子值多少钱?//You’ll find this map of
great value in helping you to get round
London.当你游览伦敦时,你会发现这张地图用处很大。
another [əˈnʌðə] adj.另一;再一;别的pron.另一个 【例】We
waited another ten minutes, then left.我们又等了十分钟就离开了。// If
you want to change for a double room you’ll have to pay another
$15.如果你们要换双人间,就得再付15美元。// Can I have another
cookie?我能再吃一块小甜饼吗? //I took the dress back and exchanged it
for another.我把衣服拿了回去,另换了一件。
everyday [ˈevrideI] adj.每日的;日常的 【例】everyday
problems日常问题//everyday interests平时的兴趣爱好 // I go to school by
bike every day.我每天骑车上学。
seat [siːt] n.座位,座 vt.使就座;可容纳 【例】Kate won a
seat in Parliament at this
election.在这次选举中,凯特赢得了议会中的一个席位。
come [kʌm] vi.(came, come, coming)来,来到 link.v.变成
【例】She told the lie so many times that she came to believe it
herself.她说那个谎言的次数多得她自己都开始相信了。//I came across my
college roommate in the
street.我在大街上偶然遇到了大学时的室友。
till [tɪl] conj./prep.直到,直到…为止 【例】The crazy fans
would wait till the movie star
arrived.这些疯狂的影迷会一直等到影星来为止。 //Mary didn’t sleep till
her mother came back.直到妈妈回来,玛丽才睡。
dig [dɪɡ] v.(dug, dug, digging)挖(洞、沟等),掘
【例】dig a hole挖坑
group [ɡruːp] n.组,群 【例】age group年龄段
brilliant [ˈbrɪliənt] adj.闪耀的;光辉灿烂的,有才气的
【例】a brilliant scientist一位才华横溢的科学家
【参】brilliance(n.光辉,显赫)
wet [wet] adj.湿的 【例】I went out in the rain and got wet
through.我冒雨出去,结果被淋透了。
【参】dry(adj.干的)
rank [ræŋk]
fierce [fɪəs] adj.猛烈的,激烈的 【例】a fierce wind劲风//a
fierce competition一场激烈的竞争
【参】fierceness(n.凶猛,猛烈)
fortunate [ˈfɔːtʃənət] adj.幸运的,侥幸的 fortune(n.运气)
【例】He is fortunate enough to find a good
job.他找到了一份好工作,真是太幸运了。
addicted [əˈdɪktɪd] adj.入迷的,上瘾的 【例】He is addicted
to smoking.他吸烟上瘾了。
furnished [ˈfɜːnɪʃt] adj.配备了家具的
【例】furnish(v.装配,配备) 【例】She rents a furnished
flat.她租了一套配有家具的公寓
changeable [ˈtʃeɪndʒəbl] adj.易变的,变化无常的 【例】We
all know that the weather in Britain is quite
changeable.我们都知道英国的天气变化无常。
fine [faɪn] adj.好的;晴朗的;(身体)健康的 vt.处…以罚金
【例】Joe was fined for breaking the traffic law last
week.乔上周因违反交通规则而被罚款。
failure [ˈfeɪljə] n.失败 【例】As the Chinese saying goes,
“Failure is the mother of
success.”中国有句名言“失败乃成功之母”。
bride [braɪd] n.新娘 【例】Venice is compared to the bride
of the sea.威尼斯被比作大海的新娘。
【参】bridegroom(n.新郎)
institute [ˈɪnstɪtjuːt] n.协会;学院 v.建立,设立
【例】research institute研究所
however [haʊˈevə] adv.可是,然而,尽管如此;无论如何
【例】You should try to get a good night’s sleep however much work you
have to do.无论有多少工作要做, 你都应该好好睡上一觉。//I’d like to go
with you.However, my hands are full.(=I’d like to go with you.My hands
are full, however.) 虽然我很想和你一块去,但是我太忙了。
reach [riːtʃ] v.到达;(伸手)够到 【例】reach an
agreement达成协议
grain [ɡreɪn] n.谷物,谷类 【例】We use only the best grain
in our bread.我们只用最好的谷物做面包。
argument [ˈɑːɡjumənt]
beyond [bɪˈjɒnd] prep.超过;(表示位置)在…的那边 【例】He
was driving beyond the speed limit.他超速行驶。Beyond the river was a
great forest.河那边是一大片森林。
distinguish [dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ]
discern (v.
洞悉,辨别);dignify (vt. 使尊荣,使高贵) 【例】People
could not distinguish the twins.人们分不清这对双胞胎谁是谁。
complete [kəmˈpliːt] vt.完成;结束adj.完成的,完整的
【例】She has completed her studies.她完成了学业。//This is acomplete
story.这是一个完整的故事。
via [ˈvaɪə] prep.经,经由,通过【例】I sent the letter via
airmail yesterday.我昨天把信空邮了出去。
ache [eɪk] vi.疼痛n.痛,疼痛 【例】My head begins to ache
when I read too much.看书太多的话,我的头就开始疼。
affect [əˈfekt] vt. 影响;感染
【参】effect(n.影响);infect(v.感染);perfect(adj.完美的)
【例】The bad climate affected her
health.恶劣的气候影响了她的健康。
misunderstand [ˌmɪsʌndəˈstænd] vt.(misunderstood,
misunderstood, misunderstanding)误会,不理解 【例】You misunderstood my
words.你误解了我的话。
【参】misunderstanding(n.误会,误解)
little [ˈlɪtl] adj.(less, least)小的;少的
row [rəʊ] n.排,行v.划船 【例】The little trees were
planted in a neat row on the day
of12th,March.3月12日这天,小树苗整齐地栽了一排。
customer [ˈkʌstəmə] n.(商店等的)顾客;消费者 【例】The
angry customer asked to see the
manager.那名怒气冲冲的顾客要求见经理。
instant [ˈɪnstənt] adj.立即的;速食的n.瞬间 【例】instant
noodle方便面【参】instantly(adv.立即地);instance(n.例子;事实)
trust [trʌst] vt./n.相信,信任,信赖 【例】a lack of
trust缺乏信任
【参】trustworthy(adj.可信赖的);trustful(adj.相信的,信任的)
height [haɪt] n.高,高度 【例】What is your
height?你有多高?
forget [fəˈɡet] v.(forgot, forgotten,
forgetting)忘记,忘掉
【参】forgetful(adj.健忘的,不留心的)
common [ˈkɒmən] adj.普通的;公共的;共有的
broadcast [ˈbrɔːdkɑːst] v.(broadcast/broadcasted,
broadcast/broadcasted, broadcasting)播放,广播 n.广播节目 【例】The
station begins broadcasting at6a.m.电台清晨6点开始广播。
primary [ˈpraɪməri] adj. 最初的;初级的;首要的,基本的
【例】primary school小学//Her primary aim is to get into a
medicalschool.她的首要目标是考上医学院校。
stay [steI] v.保持,停止,阻止n.逗留(时间)stay up 熬夜
【例】Mike is eager to stay away from the busy city life for a
while.迈克渴望摆脱繁忙的都市生活一段时间。//How long are you staying
inXi’an?你准备在西安待多久?
such [sʌtʃ]
adv.那么,如此adj.这样的,那样的pron.(泛指)人,事物 【例】 We were in
such ananxious rush that we forgot the airline
tickets.我们如此匆忙以至于忘了拿飞机票。
【参】so(conj./pron./adv.如此,这么)
review [rɪˈvjuː] vt.复习;重新调查;回顾,评论
n.复习;复查;评论,回顾
【参】reviewer(n. 评论家)
regret [rɪˈɡret] n.遗憾,懊悔;令人遗憾的事 vt.(regretted,
regretted, regretting)遗憾;后悔 【例】My only regret is that I could
not devote more time to the
justcause.我唯一的憾事是不能花更多的时间在这一正义的事业上。//Havea care
of what you say or you may regret
it.注意自己说的话,不然你会后悔的。
fresh [freʃ] adj.新鲜的;不熟练的 【例】fresh
fruits新鲜的水果//She’s quite fresh to office
work.她没有办公室工作的经验。
【参】freshness(n.新鲜)
tradition [trəˈdɪʃn] n.传统,惯例
【参】traditional (adj.
传统的;惯例的);traditionally (adv. 传统地;惯例地)
【例】 Individuals often find it hard to escape from the role that
cultural traditions have defined for them.
人们经常发现难以摆脱文化传统给自己限定的角色。
moral [ˈmɒrəl] adj.道德的,精神的 n.道德;寓意 【例】I
can’t help your plan with money, but I’ll give you
moralsupport.我拿不出钱来支持你们的计划,但是我会在精神上支持你们。
【参】morally(adv.道德上地);morality(n.道德)
hopeless [ˈhəʊpləs] adj.没有希望的;不可救药的 【例】This
group of young teenagers feel hopeless about their
future.这群年轻人感到前途无望。
uniform [ˈjuːnɪfɔːm] 【例】School uniforms are becoming
more and more popular acrossthe USA.校服在美国变得越来越流行。
delighted [dɪˈlaɪtɪd] adj.高兴的,快乐的 【例】John was
very delighted to do his classmates a favour.约翰很高兴为他的同学效劳。
【参】delightful(adj.使人快乐的;宜人的)
forehead [ˈfɔːhed] n.前额
could [kʊd]
(can的过去式)modalv.表示能力、许可、请求、可能等 【例】He could read
when he was three.他三岁时就能认字。//Couldyou give me a ride to
school?我能搭你的车去学校吗?
base [beɪs] n.根据地;底部 vt.以…为基础,基于…
【参】basis(n.基础,根据)
bleed [bliːd] v.(bled, bled, bleeding)出血,流血
【例】The cut on my arm bled for a long
time.我胳膊上的伤口流了好长时间血。
use [juːz][juːs] vt.n.利用;应用
【参】useful(adj.有用的,有益的);useless(adj.无用的);user(n.使用者,用户)
allow [əˈlaʊ] vt.允许,准许 【例】:The government
servantsaren’t allowed to accept rewards.公务员不得接受酬谢。
skillful [ˈskɪlfl] adj.熟练的;技艺精湛的;灵巧的
【例】Michael Jordan is a skillful basketball player in
America.迈克尔·乔丹是一名技艺精湛的美国篮球运动员。
【参】skillfully(adv.巧妙地;技术好地);skilled(adj.熟练的)
listen [ˈlɪsn] vi.听,仔细听,留神听 【例】English majors
usually practise English by listening to
theradio.英语专业的学生通常会通过收听广播来练习英语。
pleasant [ˈpleznt] adj.令人愉快的,舒适的 【例】They had a
pleasant chat over a cup of coffee.他们一起喝了杯咖啡,谈得很开心。
【参】unpleasant(adj.令人不愉快的,讨厌的);pleasantness(n.愉快;舒适)
leather [ˈleðə] n.皮革
characteristic [ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk] adj.特有的,独特的,典型的
n.特征;特性 【例】People living in cities have to bear the
characteristic
noisesthere.住在城市里的人不得不忍受都市特有的喧嚣。
shine [ʃaɪn] v.发光;照耀 n.光泽;光彩;阳光 【例】The
clean window is shining when sunlight is getting
through.阳光射进来的时候,干净的玻璃窗闪闪发光。
generation [ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn] n.代,一代
dusty [ˈdʌsti] adj.尘土般的;积满灰尘的 【例】If your
computer is dusty, use a clean cloth to clean
it.如果你的电脑沾满了灰,用一块干净的布清理一下。
permission [pəˈmɪʃn] n.允许,许可,同意 【例】The company
has been given no permission to expand
itsmarket.该公司还没被批准扩大市场。
turn [tɜːn] v.旋转;转变;转弯 n.轮流 【例】Her face turns
red.她脸红了。//at the turn of the century在世纪之交
enjoy [InˈdʒɔI] v.欣赏,享受…之乐趣;喜欢
【参】enjoyment(n.享受;乐趣)
nature [ˈneɪtʃə] n.自然;性质;本性 【例】I love getting
close to nature.我十分喜欢亲近大自然。
【参】natural(adj.自然的);naturally(adv.自然地);unnatural(adj.不自然的)
civilization [ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn] n.文明,文化
【参】civilize(vt.使开化,使文明)
cheque [tʃek] (美check)n.支票 【例】a blank
cheque空白支票
bathe [beɪð] v.洗澡,沐浴,浸洗 【例】I bathed and changed
my clothes.我洗了澡,换了衣服。
【参】bathing(n.游泳,洗海水澡)
convenient [kənˈviːniənt] adj. 方便的,便利的;适宜的
【参】convenience(n.便利) 【例】Cars easily surpass
trains or buses as a flexible and convenient mode of personal transport.
小汽车轻而易举地就胜过火车及公共汽车,成为一种灵活便捷的个人交通工具。
glory [ˈɡlɔːri] n.光荣,荣誉 【例】win glory for one’s
country为国争光
alive [əˈlaɪv] adj.活着的,存在的 【例】Will new anti-aging
techniques keep us alive for
centuries?新的抗衰老技术会让我们活几百年吗?
whatever [wɒtˈevə] conj./pron.无论什么 【例】They eat
whatever they can find.他们能找到什么就吃什么。
produce [prəˈdjuːs] v.生产,制造 【例】That factory
produces cars.那家工厂生产小汽车。
【参】production(n.生产,制造);producer(n.生产商);reproduce(vt.复制;再生;繁殖)
consequence [ˈkɒnsɪkwəns] n.结果,后果 【例】You must be
responsible for the consequences of your
actions.你必须对自己的行为结果负责。
incident [ˈɪnsɪdənt]
incidence
(n. 事件;发生率) 【例】Not long ago, an incident that happened at
Disneyland touchedme
greatly.不久前,发生在迪士尼乐园的一件事深深地触动了我。
envelope [ˈenvələʊp] n.信封 【例】I put a stamp on the
envelope and mailed it.我在信封上贴上邮票,然后把信寄了出去。
scan [skæn] v.(scanned, scanned,
scanning)细看;浏览;扫描 【例】He scanned the newspaper while having
his breakfast.他在吃早饭的时候浏览了一下报纸。
attempt [əˈtempt] vt./n.试图,尝试 【例】The teacher
suggested that the students make an attempt atwriting
essays.老师建议同学们尝试写论文。
contain [kənˈteɪn] vt. 包含,容纳,装有;控制,阻止,遏制
【例】The bag contained a book.包里装着一本书。
【参】container(n.容器;集装箱)
business [ˈbɪznəs] n.商业,生意;职业,事业 【例】Business
is always brisk before New Year.新年前生意总是很兴隆。//Mind your own
business.少管闲事。
wish [wɪʃ] n./v.祝愿;想要 【例】I wish I were as strong as
Tom.我希望能像汤姆一样健壮。//I wishthat it would stop
snowing.我希望雪能停。
keep [kiːp] v.(kept, kept,
keeping)保留;保存;使…保持某种状态 link.v.保持,继续 【例】You can
keep that book—I have another copy.你可以留着那本书,我还有一本。//Keep
that cat away from me!别让那只猫靠近我!//Will the fish keep until
tomorrow?鱼能放到明天吗?//keep silent保持沉默
constant [ˈkɒnstənt] adj.
经常的,不断的;坚定的,永恒的,忠实的;持续的,不变的 n. 常数,恒量
【参】 constantly (adv.
不变地;不断地);constancy (n. 恒定不变) 【例】The
constant noise from the road gave Bill a
headache.公路上持续不断的噪音让比尔头疼。
from [frɒm] prep.从;从…起;距;来自
open [ˈəʊpən] adj.公开的;开着的 v.打开;公开 【例】The
door is open.门开着。//They are aiming at opening upnew
markets.他们打算开拓新市场。
【参】openly(adv.公开地);opening(n.开放;口子)
earthquake [ˈɜːθkweɪk] n.地震 【例】The city was completely
destroyed by the earthquake.这个城市被地震夷为平地。
shadow [ˈʃædəʊ] n.[C]影子,阴影 【例】On my way home, I saw
a figure standing in the
shadow.在回家的路上,我看到阴影处站着一个人。
detective [dɪˈtektɪv] n.侦探 adj. 侦探的 【例】The
detective tailed the man. 侦探盯上了那名男子。
quality [ˈkwɒləti] n.质量;品质 【例】Generally speaking,
the more expensive the camera is, thebetter its quality
is.一般来说,相机的价格越高质量越好。//He has allthe qualities of a good
teacher.他具有一位优秀教师的所有品质。
appoint [əˈpɔɪnt] vt.指定,任命 【例】I appointed Joe to be
my assistant.我指定乔当我的助理。
tour [tʊə] n.[C]参观,观光,旅行 【例】The tour of
foreigners will last for two weeks at this
place.外国人在此地的观光将会持续两周。
fellow [ˈfeləʊ] n.同伴,伙伴 【例】We were school
fellows.我们曾经是同学。
conclusion [kənˈkluːʒn] n.[C]结论;结束 【例】We must reach
a final conclusion on how to deal with
theproblem.我们必须就如何处理这个问题得出最终结论。
【参】conclusive(adj.结论性的;决定性的)
react [riˈækt] vi.起反应,起作用;反抗
【参】reaction(n.反应;反作用)
encourage [Inˈkʌrɪdʒ]
encouragement(n.鼓励);encouraging(adj.鼓励的,令人鼓舞的)
count [kaʊnt] v.数;计算;有价值 【例】Count your steps so
that you know how far you have
gone.数着自己的步子你就知道已经走了多远了。
【参】countless(adj.无数的);counter(n.计数器;柜台)
strength [streŋθ] n.力量,力气;长处,强项 【例】Bill was
doing a lot of physical exercise to build up
hisstrength.比尔进行大量的体育运动以增长力气。\If you drop something,
the force of gravity will pull it to the
floor.如果你扔一样东西,地心引力会使它落到地面上。
may [meI] modal v.可以;也许,可能 【例】You may leave if
you want to.你想走就可以走了。//Something may have happened to
her.她可能出了什么事。
appeal [əˈpiːl] n./v.呼吁,请求 【例】He appealed to his
neighbors for help.他向邻居们求助。
whose [huːz] pron./conj.谁的 【例】Recently I bought an
ancient Chinese vase, whose price was
veryreasonable.最近我买了一个年代久远的陶瓷花瓶,价格非常公道。
bench [bentʃ] n.长凳;工作台 【例】He spent hours sitting
on a bench in the park.他在公园的长椅上坐了几个小时。
record [ˈrekɔːd][rɪˈkɔːd] n.记录;唱片 v.录制,记录
【例】The shrewd businessman has kept a record of his expenses foralmost
ten years.这个精明的商人把自己将近10年的花销都记录下来了。
【参】recordable(adj.可记录的)
ring [rɪŋ] v.(rang, rung, ringing)(钟、铃等)响;打电话
n.电话铃声;环形物(如环、圈、戒指等) 【例】He rang me at
noon.他中午打电话给我了。
already [ɔːlˈredi] adv.已经 【例】She had already gone when
I arrived.我到的时候她已经走了。
reject [rɪˈdʒekt] vt.拒绝 n. 被拒货品,不合格品 【例】The
board of directors has rejected all the ideas which are notsuitable for
the interests of the
company.董事会驳回了所有与公司利益不符的观点。
alarm [əˈlɑːm] n.警报 【例】alarm clock闹钟
hug [hʌɡ] v.(hugged, hugged, hugging)紧抱,拥抱 n.拥抱
【例】The child was hugging her doll.那孩子紧紧地抱着她的洋娃娃。//He
gave his daughter a big hug.他紧紧抱了一下自己的女儿。
downstairs [ˌdaʊnˈsteəz] adv.在楼下,到楼下 【例】go
downstairs下楼
quit [kwɪt] v.(quitted/quit, quitted/quit,
quitting)离开;停止 【例】If I don’t get a pay raise, I’ll
quit.如果不给我加薪,我就不干了。
period [ˈpɪəriəd] n.时期,时代 【例】the period of the
Civil War美国内战时期
feed [fiːd] v.(fed, fed,
feeding)喂(养),饲(养);吃(饲料) 【例】Have you fed the dog
yet?你喂狗了吗?
breath [breθ] n.气息,呼吸
【参】breath-taking(adj.惊人的)
bent [bent] adj. 被弄弯的,弯曲的 n. 爱好,天赋 【例】The
path to the top of the hill is bent in the distance.那条
通向山顶的小路蜿蜒地伸向远方。
chance [tʃɑːns] n.机会;可能性
park [pɑːk] n.公园;停车场 vt.停放(汽车) 【例】Several
friends are going boating in the beautiful park
thisweekend.几个朋友打算这周末去那个美丽的公园划船。
project [ˈprɒdʒekt] n.项目,工程
【参】projector(n.投影仪;放映机)
trick [trɪk] n.[C]诡计,把戏
cry [kraI] n.喊;哭声 v.喊叫;哭 【例】The little boy’s
cries brought his parents.小男孩的哭喊声把他的父母引了过来。
rent [rent] n.租金 v.租用;出租 【例】The rent of this
apartment has been put up again by
thelandlord.这间公寓的租金又被房东提高了。
【参】rental(adj.租用的)
nationality [ˌnæʃəˈnæləti] n.国籍;民族 【例】People should
be treated equally regardless of nationality, raceand
sex.无论国籍、种族和性别是什么,人们应该得到平等的对待。
begin [bɪˈɡɪn] v.(began, begun, beginning)开始,着手
【参】beginning(n.开始,开端)
symptom [ˈsɪmptəm]
windy [ˈwɪndi] adj.有风的,多风的
indeed [Inˈdiːd] adv.确实,实在 【例】He speaks English
well indeed, but of course not so fluently asa native
speaker.他的英语说得确实不错,但还是不如英语国家的人说得流利。
have [hæv] vt.(had, had, having)有,使,令
aux.v.帮助构成完成时态
prove [pruːv] vt.证明,证实 vi.证明是,结果是,原来是
【例】He has proved his courage in the
battle.他已经在作战中证明了自己的勇气。
burst [bɜːst] v.(burst, burst,
bursting)突然发生;爆炸
advance [ədˈvɑːns] v./n.推进,前进 【例】We will have to
book our tickets inadvance.我们得提前订票。
【参】advanced(adj.高级的,先进的)
gym [dʒɪm] (=gymnasium)n.体育馆;健身房
【参】gymnastics(n.体操)
wise [waɪz] adj.聪明的,明智的
culture [ˈkʌltʃə] n.文化 【例】traditional Chinese
culture中国传统文化
companion [kəmˈpæniən] n.同伴,同事 【例】A dog is a
faithful companion.狗是忠实的伙伴。
dare [deə] v.敢,敢于
train [treɪn] v.培训,训练 n.火车 【例】If you want to take
up this job, you should first be trained for three
months.如果你想从事这份工作,必须先接受三个月的培训。
【参】trainee(n.受培训者,练习生)
relax [rɪˈlæks] v.(使)放松,轻松 【例】Don’t worry about
it; just try to relax.不要为这件事担心,放松一些。
【参】relaxing(adj.令人放松的);relaxed(adj.放松的,舒畅的);relaxation(n.放松,消遣)
honest [ˈɒnɪst] adj.诚实的,正直的 【例】Bob’s behaviour
showed that he was an honest man.鲍勃的行为表明他是一个诚实的人。
【参】honestly(adv.真诚地;公正地)
stick [stɪk] v.(stuck, stuck,
sticking)刺,戳;黏贴,黏住;卡住,陷住 n.木棒,木棍 【例】Once a
decision has been made, all of us should stick to
it.一旦做出决定,我们都应该坚持它。//We made the fire out of dry
sticks.我们用干柴来生火。
consult [kənˈsʌlt] v.咨询;请教,商议;查询 【例】I
consulted the lawyer about what to do
next.我和律师商讨下一步该怎么做。//consult a guidebook查询旅游指南
【参】consultant(n.顾问,咨询者)
disease [dɪˈziːz] n.病,疾病 【例】a disease of the
eyes眼疾
direct [dɪˈrekt] adj.直接的;直达的 v.指挥,指导;导演
【例】a direct cause直接原因//The teacher directed kids to buildsolar
collectors.老师指导孩子们做太阳能收集器。
【参】indirect(adj.间接的);directly(adv.直接地);director(n.主管;导演)
tasty [ˈteɪsti] adj.味道好的 【例】At dinner time, the cook
made a tasty meal for
guests.晚饭时,厨师为客人们做了一顿可口的饭菜。
loose [luːs] adj.松散的;宽松的 【例】I had to wear a belt
because my pants were so loose.因为裤子太松了,我得系皮带。
chemical [ˈkemɪkl] adj.化学的 n.化学制品
【参】chemistry(n.化学)
widespread [ˈwaɪdspred]
adj.分布广的;普遍的;广泛的
handwriting [ˈhændraɪtɪŋ] n.书法 【例】Jack taught his
students handwriting patiently.杰克耐心地教学生们书法。
anything [ˈeniθɪŋ] pron.某事(物);任何事(物) 【例】The
house is anything but safe.这房子绝对不安全。
knowledge [ˈnɒlɪdʒ] n.知识,学问 【例】Joe had a strong
desire for knowledge when he was young.乔小时候有强烈的求知欲。
【参】knowledgeable(adj.知识渊博的,有见识的)
exhibition [ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn] n.展览,展览会;展品 【例】visit an
art exhibition参观艺术展//a glass exhibition玻璃展品
angry [ˈæŋɡri] adj.生气的,愤怒的
wipe [waɪp] vt.擦;扫 【例】Wipe the apple juice off your
face.擦掉你脸上的苹果汁。
between [bɪˈtwiːn] prep.在(两者)之间;在…中间 【例】There
might be a great war between the two
countries.这两个国家之间可能会有一场大战。
couple [ˈkʌpl]
output [ˈaʊtpʊt] n.产量,输出量
gather [ˈɡæðə] v.聚集;采集
【参】gathering(n.收集;聚集)
classic [ˈklæsɪk] adj.经典的,一流的 【例】a modern classic
writer一位当代一流作家
know [nəʊ] v.知道,了解;认识;懂得 【例】Anna still did
not know her place of birth and who her
parentswere.安娜仍然不知道她的出生地及父母是谁。
although [ɔːlˈðəʊ] conj.虽然,尽管 【例】Although he was
rather tired, he went on working.虽然他很累,但他仍继续工作。
maybe [ˈmeɪbi] adv.可能,大概,也许 【例】I think maybe Ben
and I can go fishing this
weekend.我想也许我和本这周末可以去钓鱼。
double [ˈdʌbl] adj.两倍的;双重的 n.两个;双打 v.加倍
【例】a double room双人间//men’s doubles男子双打//They hope theaverage
human life span can be doubled.他们希望人均寿命可以翻倍。
allocate [ˈæləkeɪt] vt.分配;配给;拨出 【例】John
allocated a piece of bread to each child in the
room.约翰给房间里的每个孩子分了一片面包。
【参】allocation(n.分配,配给)
practical [ˈpræktɪkl] adj.实际的;适用的;实用的;应用的
【参】practically(adv.实际上,事实上) 【例】The proposal
Joe put forward at the meeting seemed
verypractical.乔在会议上提的建议似乎很实用。
where [weə] adv./conj.那儿;何处 【例】That is the small
town where I used to work for years.那是我曾经工作过多年的小镇。//There
were dirty marks on her trousers whereshe had wiped her
hands.她的裤子上有几块擦手时留下的脏印。
vehicle [ˈviːəkl] n.车辆,交通工具 【例】The military has
some amphibious vehicles.部队有一些水陆两用车。
approve [əˈpruːv] vt.批准,通过 vi.赞成;满意
【参】approval(n.赞成,承认) 【例】The author approved
the editor’s changes.作者认同了编辑的修改。
polite [pəˈlaɪt] adj.有礼貌的,有教养的 【例】It’s not
polite to ask a lady how old she is.询问女士的年龄是不礼貌的。
【参】politely(adv.客气地,有礼貌地);politeness(n.礼貌,优雅);impolite(adj.无礼的,粗鲁的)
concern [kənˈsɜːn] n.关系;关心 vt.涉及,关系到
【参】concerned (adj.
担心的,忧虑的;关注的,感兴趣的);concerning (prep.
关于,涉及) 【例】Obesity is a major public health
concern.肥胖是大众健康的主要关注点。
elder [ˈeldə] adj.年长的 n.长者,前辈
【参】elderly(adj.过了中年的,稍老的)
chapter [ˈtʃæptə] n.章 【例】Open your books to
Chapter3.把你们的书翻到第三章。
regardless [rɪˈɡɑːdləs] adv.不管,不顾;不加理会 【例】The
football match will be held on time tomorrow regardless ofthe weather
conditions.不管天气状况如何,足球比赛明天准时举行。
heel [hiːl] n.脚后跟 【例】Her shoes rubbed her
heels.她的鞋磨脚后跟。
below [bɪˈləʊ] prep.在…下面 adv.在下面 【例】The
temperature is below zero.温度在零度以下。//SeeParagraph Nine below for
more details.更多细节请见下面第九段。
popular [ˈpɒpjələ] adj.流行的,受欢迎的;大众的 【例】Now
Chinese films are very popular in the U.S.现在中国电影在美国很受欢迎。
【参】popularity(n.流行;普及);unpopular(adj.不受欢迎的,不流行的);popularize(vt.普及)
rude [ruːd] adj.无礼的,粗鲁的,粗暴的 【例】This bad guy
was quite rude to his elderly and disabled
mother.这个坏男孩对他上了年纪又身患残疾的妈妈很粗鲁。
【参】rudeness(n.粗鲁,无礼)
refuse [rɪˈfjuːz] v.拒绝,不愿
document [ˈdɒkjumənt]
ban [bæn] vt.(banned, banned, banning)禁止;取缔 n.禁令
【例】The college banned alcohol from parties on
campus.这所大学禁止在校园内的聚会上饮酒。
mean [miːn] v.(meant, meant, meaning)意味着,意思是
adj.吝啬的 【例】She meant more to me than
anyone.对我来说,她比任何人都重要。
resign [rɪˈzaɪn]
resignation (n. 辞职) 【例】He
resigned from the board of directors because of his
age.因为年龄问题,他从董事会辞职了。
mix [mɪks] v.混合,搅拌 【例】No matter what society it is,
men and women mix socially on aday-to-day
basis.不论在什么社会,男人和女人每天都少不了要打交道。
【参】mixture(n.混合物)
consistent [kənˈsɪstənt] adj.
一致的,协调的;相符的,相容的 【例】After a long time of consistent
practice you will master
thisskill.经过很长一段时间的持续练习,你将掌握这项技能。
chief [tʃiːf] adj.主要的,首要的 n.领导 【例】Rice is the
chief crop in most southern
provinces.水稻是南方大多数省份的主要农作物。
repair [rɪˈpeə] vt.修理,修补;纠正;恢复 n.修理,修补
【例】The man has a capacity to repair computer
systems.这个人会修复计算机系统。
worldwide [ˈwɜːldwaɪd] adj.遍及全球的,世界各地的 【例】The
recent research on Mars attracted worldwide
attention.最近对火星的研究引起了全球的注意。
greet [ɡriːt] vt.问候,向…致敬 【例】She greeted me with a
nod.她点头向我问好。
fortune [ˈfɔːtʃuːn] n.财产;运气
【参】misfortune(n.不幸)
guarantee [ˌɡærənˈtiː]
brief [briːf] adj. 短时间的,短暂的;简短的,简洁的
n. 概要,摘要 vt.向…介绍基本情况,为…提供资讯 【例】In brief, you did a
good job!简言之,你做得不错!
both [bəʊθ] adj.双方的 pron.两者都;双方都
express [Ikˈspres] vt.表达;表示;表现 adj.
特快的,快速的;明确的 n.快车;快递 【参】expression
(n. 表达,表述);expressive (adj. 表现的,有表现力的)
【例】I didn’t know how to express myself
properly.我不知道怎样恰当地表达自己的意思。
trip [trɪp] n.[C]旅行,旅程
write [raɪt] v.(wrote, written, writing)写
inform [Inˈfɔːm] v.通知,告诉 【例】The police informed him
that his car had been stolen.警察通知他说他的车被盗了。
【参】information(n.信息)
academic [ˌækəˈdemɪk] adj.学术的;(高等)院校的
n.大学教师;学者 【例】The international meeting paid much attention to
academicfreedom.该国际会议十分注重学术自由。
trouble [ˈtrʌbl] n.问题;疾病;麻烦
vt.使苦恼;使忧虑;使麻烦 【例】heart trouble心脏病//I wanted to tell my
friend about mytrouble.我打算把烦恼告诉我的朋友。
【参】troubled(adj.麻烦的;杂乱无章的);troublemaker(n.惹麻烦的人,捣乱者);troublesome(adj.令人烦恼的;讨厌的)
meanwhile [ˈmiːnwaɪl] adv.同时 【例】Your teacher will be
back soon.Meanwhile, get on with
yourwork.你们的老师不久就要回来了。现在赶紧做你们的作业。
go [ɡəʊ] v.(went, gone, going)去,走;进行;进展
link.v.变得,变成
order [ˈɔːdə] n.顺序;命令 vt.命令;点菜;订货
homeland [ˈhəʊmlænd] n.祖国 【例】They were forced to leave
their homeland.他们被迫离开了祖国。
used [juːzd] adj.用过的;旧的,二手的
connect [kəˈnekt] vt.连接,把…联系起来 【例】A USB port is
a place where you can connect other machinesto a
computer.你可以通过USB接口将其他设备与电脑连接起来。
【参】connection(n.联系;关系);connector(n.连接器);disconnect(vt.使分离);reconnect(vt.重新连接)
by [baI] prep.靠近;到…时;被;由;以…的标准
experience [Ikˈspɪəriəns] vt.经历,体验 n.经验;经历
【例】They are willing to experience different
cultures.他们愿意体验不同的文化。
【参】inexperience(n.缺乏经验);experienced(adj.经验丰富的)
personally [ˈpɜːsənəli] adv.就自己而言 【例】I disliked our
physics teacher personally, but I admired histeaching
method.就我个人而言,我不喜欢我们的物理老师,但我钦佩他的教学方法。
somebody [ˈsʌmbədi] pron.某人;重要人物 【例】It seems that
somebody is calling your name.好像有人在叫你的名字。
suggest [səˈdʒest] vt.建议;提出;暗示
work [wɜːk] n.工作;著作 v.工作;运作;奏效
【参】worker(n.工人)
plan [plæn] n./v.(planned, planned, planning)计划,打算
【参】planning(n.计划,规划);planner(n.计划者)
speech [spiːtʃ] n.演讲 【例】Martin Luther King’s speech“I
have a dream”is still
famous.马丁·路德·金的演讲《我有一个梦想》仍然享有盛名。
undertake [ˌʌndəˈteɪk] vt.(undertook, undertaken,
undertaking)承担;保证;从事
【参】undertaking(n.任务;事业;企业;承诺)
recommend [ˌrekəˈmend] vt. 推荐;建议;劝告;使受欢迎
【参】recommendation(n.推荐)
attractive [əˈtræktɪv] adj.迷人的,有吸引力的
【参】attractively (adv.
迷人地,有吸引力地);attractiveness(n. 魅力,吸引力);unattractive
(adj. 不引人注意的) 【例】The young man fell in love with an
attractive girl in
hisneighbourhood.这个年轻人爱上了他的邻居,一个迷人的女孩。
weight [weɪt] 【例】They use new materials to reduce the
weight of the car.他们采用新的材料来减轻汽车的重量。
believe [bɪˈliːv] vt.相信;认为
【参】belief(n.信条,信念)
fight [faɪt] n./v.(fought, fought,
fighting)打仗,打架;争论
pass [pɑːs] v.传递;经过;通过 【例】Time passes
quickly.时间过得很快。//Pass me the salt, please.请把盐递给我。
build [bɪld] v.(built, built, building)建造
n.构造
behind [bɪˈhaɪnd] prep.(表示位置)在…后面 adv.在后面;向后
【例】There is a middle school behind the hill in our
town.我们小镇的山后有一所中学。
manner [ˈmænə] n.方式;态度;举止;[pl.]礼貌,规矩
【参】mannerly(adj./adv.有礼貌的/地) 【例】He has his own
manner of acting.他有自己的表演风格。//table
manners饭桌礼仪,用餐的规矩
quite [kwaɪt] adv.完全,十分 【例】We wanted to get home
before dark, but it didn’t quite turn outas
planned.我们想在天黑前到家,但是没能按计划做到。
instruction [Inˈstrʌkʃn] n.说明,须知;教导
behaviour [bɪˈheɪvjə] (美behavior)n.[U]行为,举止
【例】The little boy’s behaviour gave us a good
impression.那个小男孩的行为举止给我们留下了良好印象。
apologize [əˈpɒlədʒaɪz] vi.道歉,谢罪 【例】Martin
apologized to us for hurting our
feelings.马丁因伤害了我们的感情而道歉。
excellent [ˈeksələnt] adj.极好的,优秀的
【参】excellently(adv.优秀地,极好地)
kind [kaɪnd] n.[C]种;类 adj.善良的,亲切的,和蔼的,仁慈的
【例】Nowadays, some kinds of work cannot be done
withoutcomputers.如今,某些种类的工作离开计算机就做不了。
claw [klɔː] n.爪 【例】The eagle held a mouse in its
claws.老鹰用爪子抓着一只老鼠。
gesture [ˈdʒestʃə] n.姿势;手势 【例】Do you know the
meaning of the gesture?你知道这个手势代表什么意思吗?
include [Inˈkluːd] vt.包含,包括 【例】The activities
include singing pop songs and playing classicaland folk
music.活动内容包括演唱流行歌曲、演奏古典和民族音乐。
ought [ɔːt] modal v.应当,应该
crazy [ˈkreɪzi] adj.疯狂的 【例】Tom was crazy abou tstamp
collecting and Jazz music.汤姆对集邮和爵士乐很着迷。
challenging [ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ] adj.具有挑战性的 【例】Studies
show that many graduates want to find a challengingjob after
graduation.研究表明许多毕业生毕业后想找一份具有挑战性的工作。
exact [Iɡˈzækt] adj.精确的,准确的,确切的 【例】There is
no exact answer up to present.到目前为止还没有准确的答案。
【参】exactly(adv.准确地,确切地)
translate [trænsˈleɪt] v.翻译 【例】The article was written
in German and translated into
Chinese.这篇文章是用德文写的,并被译成了中文。
【参】translation(n.翻译;译文);translator(n.翻译家,译者)
sure [ʃʊə] adj.确信,肯定
adv.〈口语〉的确,一定,当然
ordinary [ˈɔːdnri] adj.普通的,平常的
【参】extraordinary(adj.不平常的,不一般的)
apply [əˈplaI] v.申请;应用 【例】How many jobs did Ben
apply for?本申请了多少份工作?
【参】applied(adj.应用的);applicant(n.申请者);application(n.申请);applicable(adj.适用的)
lecture [ˈlektʃə] n.[C]讲课,演讲
【参】lecturer(n. 讲师) 【例】Professor Green will give
us an interesting lecture in theteaching building
tonight.格林教授今晚将在教学楼给我们做有趣的演讲。
feel [fiːl] vt.(felt, felt, feeling)感觉;触摸;认为
vi.摸索,寻找 link.v.觉得;摸起来
【参】feeling(n.感情;感觉)
congratulate [kənˈɡrætʃuleɪt] vt.祝贺,恭贺 【例】I want to
take this chance to congratulate you on yourpromotion to Sales
Manager.我想借此机会祝贺你晋升为销售经理。
position [pəˈzɪʃn]
never [ˈnevə] adv.决不,从来没有 【例】Never will I forget
theday on which I got married.我永远也忘不了自己结婚的那一天。
illegal [Iˈliːɡl] adj.违法的,非法的 【例】Cigarette
advertising on TV is illegal in many
countries.在许多国家,在电视上给香烟做广告是违法的。
【参】illegally(adv.非法地) illegality
(n. 非法,违法)
victory [ˈvɪktəri] n.[C]胜利 【例】The boxer is very
confident of victory in the following matchnext
Sunday.这个拳击手相信在下周日的比赛中能够获胜。
survive [səˈvaɪv]
survival(n.幸存,生还) 【例】In such dry weather,
the flowers will have to be watered if theyare to
survive.在这样干燥的天气下,这些花必须浇水才能存活。
satisfaction [ˌsætɪsˈfækʃn] n.满意 【例】What he has done
is far from satisfaction.他所做的远不能令人满意。
memory [ˈmeməri] n.回忆,记忆 【例】The old man often
thinks about the happy memories of the
pastalone.老人经常一个人重温那些美好的往事。
【参】memorable(adj.值得纪念的,难忘的)
rule [ruːl] n.规则,规定;统治 vt.统治;支配 【例】At
school, both teachers and students must obey school
rules.在学校,老师和学生都必须遵守校规。
suitable [ˈsuːtəbl] adj.合适的,适宜的 【例】This online
game is not suitable for children under ten
yearsold.这个网络游戏不适合十岁以下的孩子。
remark [rɪˈmɑːk]
remarkable (adj. 显著的,非凡的) 【例】That girl
made a number of polite remarks about the new
car.这个女孩礼貌地评论了这辆新车。
copy [ˈkɒpi] n.抄本,副本;一本(份、册…)
v.复制;抄写;复印 【例】The teacher asked his students to copy a text
carefully.老师让他的学生仔细地抄一篇课文。
fantastic [fænˈtæstɪk] adj.极好的,美妙的,很棒的;奇异的
【例】The fantastic music attracted thousands of audience both athome
and abroad.这段美妙的音乐吸引了数千位国内外的听众。
whom [huːm] pron./conj.谁 【例】She was a woman whom I
greatly respected.她是我非常敬佩的一位女性。
differ [ˈdɪfə] vi.不一致,有区别
accident [ˈæksɪdənt] n.事故,意外事件 【例】traffic
accident交通事故
hear [hɪə] v.(heard, heard, hearing)听见,听说,得知
【参】hearing(n.听力;听觉)
portable [ˈpɔːtəbl] adj.轻便的,便携的;手提的 【例】a
portable computer一台便携式电脑
still [stɪl] adj.静止的,平静的 adv.仍然,还 【例】Time has
stood still for me from that
moment.从那一刻起,时间对我来说就静止了。
change [tʃeɪndʒ] vt.改变;更换;兑换 n.零钱;变化
garbage [ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ] n.垃圾 【例】a garbage
truck一辆垃圾车
will [wɪl] modal v.(would)将要;愿意,要 n.意志;遗嘱
【例】Maggie had the will to finish her degree in four years.
玛吉希望能在四年内取得学位。
promote [prəˈməʊt] vt.促进;提升;推销 【例】The
organization promotes cancer
research.该机构推动了癌症研究的发展。
settle [ˈsetl]
settled(adj.固定的);settler(n.移民者,殖民者);settlement(n.定居;解决,安置)
date [deɪt] n.日期;约会 vt.约会;注明日期 【例】Most of
the young people don’t know the exact date of
theirparents’births.大多数年轻人不知道父母的生日是哪一天。
match [mætʃ]
matchless (adj. 无比的,无敌的) 【例】The warship
our enemy had could not match ours in speed or
infire-power.敌方的战舰,不论是在速度还是在火力上,都无法和我们的相媲美。
conference [ˈkɒnfərəns] n.(正式的)会议 【例】You will see
her at the pressconference.你会在记者招待会上见到她。
neighbour [ˈneɪbə] (美neighbor)n.邻居 【例】As is well
known, the Moon is the Earth’s nearest
neighbour.众所周知,月球是地球最近的邻居。
advise [ədˈvaɪz] vt.忠告,劝告,建议
【参】advisable [ədˈvaɪzəbl](adj. 可取的,适当的;明智的)
【例】The teacher advised his students to choose proper
majors.那位老师建议学生们选择适合的专业。
rush [rʌʃ] vi.冲,奔跑 【例】The children rushed out of the
classroom when class was over.一下课,孩子们就冲出了教室。
【参】rushed(adj.匆忙的;贸然的)
every [ˈevri] adj.每一,每个的;每… 【例】Take this pill
every four hours.每四小时吃一次药。
rescue [ˈreskjuː] vt./n.营救,援救 【例】We came to his
rescue and pulled him out of the
river.我们来救他,把他从河里拉了出来。
ask [ɑːsk] v.询问;要求
dumpling [ˈdʌmplɪŋ] n.饺子 【例】Do you know how to make
dumplings? 你知道怎样包饺子吗?
trend [trend] n.倾向,趋势;时尚
【例】The“do-it-yourself”(DIY)trend continues to grow in the
U.S.DIY继续风靡美国。
communicate [kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt]
v.交际;传达(感情、信息等);交流;通信 【例】The police communicate
with each other by radio.警察通过无线电互相联系。
【参】communication(n.交际;交往;通讯)
scream [skriːm] v.尖叫,尖声喊叫 n.尖叫(声) 【例】The
woman screamed when she saw the dog attacking her
child.那个女人看到狗攻击她的孩子时尖叫了起来。
bored [bɔːd] adj.无聊的,厌烦的 【例】She was bored with
her job.她对自己的工作感到厌倦。
chew [tʃuː] v.咀嚼 【例】a piece of chewing gum
一块口香糖
list [lɪst] n.一览表,清单 vt.列表 【例】Old people should
take a shopping list when they go to the super
market.老年人去超市时应该带上购物清单。
advertise [ˈædvətaɪz] vt.为…做广告 【例】We advertised our
product in the local paper.我们在当地报纸上给产品做了广告。
【参】advertisement(n.广告)
blind [blaɪnd] adj.瞎的,盲的 【例】The kind little girl
led the blind man across the noisy
street.好心的小女孩领着那个盲人穿过嘈杂的街道。
status [ˈsteɪtəs]
beside [bɪˈsaɪd] prep.在…旁边;靠近 【例】Susan was taking
care of her sick girl beside the bed the
wholenight.苏珊一整晚都在床边照料生病的女儿。
fire [ˈfaɪə] n.火,火灾 vt.点火;射击;解雇 【例】Three
people died in a house fire
yesterday.有三人死于昨天的住宅火灾。
greedy [ˈɡriːdi] adj.贪婪的 【例】He is a greedy
man.他是一个贪婪的人。
【参】greediness(n.贪婪;贪心)
prevent [prɪˈvent] v.防止,阻止
【参】prevention(n.预防,防止)
unusual [ʌnˈjuːʒuəl] adj.不平常的,异常的 【例】Snow is an
unusual sight in this warm place.下雪在这个温暖的地方是一种罕见的现象。
【参】unusually(adv.不寻常地)
perfect [ˈpɜːfɪkt] adj.完美的,极好的 【例】Practice makes
perfect.熟能生巧。
【参】perfectly(adv.完美地;很);imperfect(adj.有缺点的;未完成的)
question [ˈkwestʃən] vt.询问 n.问题 【例】Bob tried to
avoid answering the questions raised by the
journalists.鲍勃试图回避那些新闻记者提出来的问题。
【参】questionnaire(n.问卷,调查表)
exist [Iɡˈzɪst] vi.存在,生存 【例】We cannot exist without
air, food and water.没有空气、食物和水,我们就无法生存。
【参】co-exist(vi.共存);existent(adj.存在的,生存的);non-existent(adj.不复存在的);existence(n.存在,生存)
wisdom [ˈwɪzdəm] n.智慧 【例】I appreciated my advisor’s
wisdom.我欣赏我的指导老师的智慧。
civil [ˈsɪvl] adj.国内的;平民的;民事的
send [send] vt.(sent, sent,
sending)打发,派遣;送,邮寄
flow [fləʊ] v.流动 n.流,流动 【例】Rivers flow into the
sea.河水流入大海。
calm [kɑːm] adj.镇静的,沉着的 v.镇静,沉着
【参】calmly(adv.平静地,冷静地)
hardly [ˈhɑːdli] adv.几乎不 【例】I can hardly hear the
radio.Would you please turn it
up?我几乎听不见广播,请把声音开大一些好吗?
disappointed [ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd] adj.失望的 【例】Bob seemed a
little disappointed at the news that he failed
theexam.鲍勃得知自己考试不及格,似乎有点失望。
hate [heɪt] vt.恨,讨厌,不喜欢 n.怨恨 【例】I hate going
to bed too late and getting up too early every
day.我讨厌每天睡得太晚,起得太早。
【参】hateful(adj.可恨的,讨厌的)
kiss [kɪs] n.[C]吻,亲吻 vt.吻,亲吻 【例】Sue gave her son
a gentle kiss before he went to bed.
苏在儿子睡觉前温柔地亲了他一下。
patent [ˈpeɪtnt] n.专利权 adj.
显而易见的;有专利的,受专利保护的 vt. 取得专利权 【例】The patent runs
out in two years’time.该专利权两年后失效。
point [pɔɪnt] v.指,指向,表明,瞄准
n.点;要点,观点;分数,尖,尖端,小数点,条款,细目,分数,得分,要点,论点,观点
【例】Todd quickly turned round and pointed a gun at the
man.托德迅速转身用枪指着那个男人。
【参】pointless(adj.无意义的)pointed(adj.
有尖的,犀利的)pointer(n. 提示,指针)
famous [ˈfeɪməs] adj.著名的,出名的 【例】The island is
famous for its great variety of plants and
animals.这个岛因其动植物种类繁多而闻名。
【参】infamous(adj.声名狼藉的)
interest [ˈɪntrəst] n.兴趣,趣味;利息 vt.使产生兴趣
【参】uninterested(adj.不感兴趣的);disinterested(adj.客观的;漠不关心的)
aloud [əˈlaʊd] adv.大声地;出声地 【例】The teacher asked
the shy student to speak aloud.老师让那个害羞的学生大声说话。
【参】loudly(adv.大声地)
nearby [ˌnɪəˈbaI] adj.附近的 adv.在附近 【例】There was an
old man sitting quietly on a bench
nearby.有位老人静静地坐在附近的长凳上。
inspect [Inˈspekt] vt.检查;审视 【例】He inspected the car
for signs of rust.他检查了汽车,看看有没有生锈的迹象。
【参】inspection(n.检查,视察)inspector
(n. 检查员);
modern [ˈmɒdn] adj.现代的,近代的;时尚的 【例】In big
modern cities there are high buildings and wide
roadseverywhere.现代化的大都市里到处都是高楼大厦和宽阔的马路。
mistake [mɪˈsteɪk] v.(mistook, mistaken, mistaking)弄错
n.错误 【例】His luggage was removed by mistake.他的行李被误拿了。
【参】mistaken(adj.错误的);mistakenly(adv.错误地)
for [fɔː] prep.为了;在…期间;对于 conj.因为,由于 【例】I
cooked dinner for Mary.我给玛丽做了晚饭。
chain [tʃeɪn] n.链,链条
intention [Inˈtenʃn] n.计划,意图,目的 【例】Lily had no
intention of going to see her husband in
jail.莉莉无意去看监狱中的丈夫。
electrical [Iˈlektrɪkl] adj.与电有关的,电气的 【例】an
electrical engineer电气工程师
round [raʊnd] adv.转过来 prep.环绕一周,围着
adj.圆的,球形的 【例】We were sitting round the fire, eating and
talking.我们围坐在炉火边,边吃边谈。
reply [rɪˈplaI] n./vi.(replied, replied,
replying)回答,答复 【例】Many people replied to our
advertisement.许多人都对我们的广告做出了反应。
around [əˈraʊnd] adv.在周围;在附近;大约;掉头
prep.在…周围;绕着 【例】The old man turned around to see who was
calling him on hisway
home.在回家的路上,老人转过身来看谁在叫他。
flood [flʌd] n.洪水 v.淹没,泛滥
depend [dɪˈpend]
dependable (adj. 可信赖的);dependence
(n. 依赖);dependent(adj. 依赖的;取决于…的) 【例】Some
animals and plants depend oneach other for existence.
一些动物和植物相互依存。
course [kɔːs]
realize [ˈriːəlaɪz] vt.认识到;实现 【例】I failed in the
final examination last term and only then did Irealize the importance of
study.上学期期末考试我没有通过,直到那时我才意识到学习的重要性。
share [ʃeə] v.分享,共同使用 n.一份;股份 【例】The
manufacturer and the dealer shared in the expense
ofadvertising.制造商与经销商共同承担广告费用。
lock [lɒk] n.锁 vt.锁,锁上 【例】It’s Linda’s turn to lock
the classroom door this week.这周轮到琳达锁教室的门。
physical [ˈfɪzɪkl]
adj.身体的;物理的;客观存在的,肉体的,物质的,有形的 n. 体检
【参】physically(adv.身体上地) 【例】The Physical Fitness
Instructor’s course is offered as a sixmonth course.
该健身教练的课程为期六个月。
watch [wɒtʃ] n.手表 v.观察,观看;当心,注意
desert [dɪˈzɜːt][ˈdezət] v.舍弃,遗弃 n.沙漠
【参】dessert(n.甜点);deserted(adj.无人的;荒废的;被遗弃的)
visit [ˈvɪzɪt] n./v.参观,访问,拜访 【例】Visiting time in
this hospital is from 3pm to 5pm.这家医院的探望时间为下午3点至5点。
【参】visitor(n.访问者,参观者)
beneficial [ˌbenɪˈfɪʃl] adj.有益的,受益的,有利的 【例】A
temperate climate isbeneficial to the
health.温和的气候有益健康。
warmth [wɔːmθ] n.温暖,暖和;热烈,热情,热心
【例】Visitors were touched by the warmth and hospitality of thelocal
people.当地人的热心和友好感动了观光者。
climb [klaɪm] v.爬,攀登 【例】A group of friends climbed
to the top of the mountain togetherat
noon.一群朋友在中午一起登上了山顶。
pretend [prɪˈtend] v.假装,装作 【例】He pretended that he
hadn’t heard it.他假装没听见。
crossing [ˈkrɒsɪŋ] n.十字路口;人行横道 【例】An accident
took place at this crossing last
night.昨晚这个十字路口发生了一起事故。
departure [dɪˈpɑːtʃə] n.离开;启程;背离;违反 【例】That
is a thoroughdeparture from the traditional diet of vegetables, rice and
little meat.这与吃蔬菜、米饭和少量肉类的传统饮食完全背道而驰。
result [rɪˈzʌlt] n.结果,效果 【例】The manager made a big
mistake, and, as a result, lost onemillion
dollars.经理犯了一个大错,结果损失了100万美元。
careless [ˈkeələs] adj.粗心的;漫不经心的 【例】I think
that a careless driver is a threat to people’s
life.我认为粗心的驾驶员对人们的生命构成了威胁。
scold [skəʊld] vt.责骂,谴责 【例】The teacher scolded
Jimmyfor running in the
classroom.老师因为吉米在教室中跑批评了他。
of [ɒv] prep….的 【例】The result of the experiment was
very good.实验的结果非常理想。
enter [ˈentə] v.进入 【例】Susan entered the advertising
business after college.苏珊大学毕业后进了广告行业。
【参】entry(n.进入;入口)
off [ɒf] prep./adv.离开,走开
gain [ɡeɪn] v.获得,挣得 n.收获 【例】gain some
experience获得经验
disabled [dɪsˈeɪbld] adj.残疾的
【参】disable(vt.使失去能力;使不起作用);disability(n.残疾)
fence [fens] n.栅栏,篱笆 【例】A fence is built for the
safety of the area.修建栅栏是为了确保该地区的安全。
deep [diːp] adj.深的;深厚的;沉睡的;渊博的
adv.深深地;在深处 【例】They sat and talked deep into the
night.他们坐着谈话,一直谈到深夜。
【参】deeply(adv.深深地)
welcome [ˈwelkəm] n./vt./adj.欢迎
【参】unwelcome(adj.不受欢迎的)
though [ðəʊ] conj./adv.虽然,可是,尽管
idiom [ˈɪdiəm] n.习语,成语 【例】How many idioms have you
learned today?你今天学了多少条习语?
resist [rɪˈzɪst] vt.抵抗;挡开 v.
抵抗;抗(病等);耐(热等)
【参】resistance(n.抵抗)resistant (adj.
抵抗的;耐…的)
strict [strɪkt] adj.严格的,严密的 【例】My mother is very
strictwith me.母亲对我非常严厉。
conversation [ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃn] n.谈话,交谈
【参】converse (vi.
交谈,会话)conversational (adj. 适于交谈的) 【例】an
international conversation国际对话
next [nekst] adj.最近的;紧挨着的,隔壁的;下一次
adv.随后,然后,下一步 n.下一个人(东西) 【例】the next
day第二天
divorce [dɪˈvɔːs] n.离婚 vt.使离婚 【例】Their marriage
finally ended up in divorce.他们的婚姻以离婚告终。
basis [ˈbeɪsɪs] n.[C]基础;根据;原则;方式 【例】It’s
wrong of you to judge people on the basis of a look.你不应该以貌取人。
【参】basic(adj.基础的)
lesson [ˈlesn] n.课;功课;教训 【例】Susan has studied her
French lessons since she was 6 years
old.苏珊6岁就已经学习法语课程了。
software [ˈsɒftweə] n.软件 【例】You can download free
softwareon this website.你在这个网站可以下载免费的软件。
【参】hardware(n.硬件)
mention [ˈmenʃn] vt.提到,说起 n.提及 【例】She doesn’t
mention her daughter in her will.她在遗嘱中没有提到她的女儿。
absurd [əbˈsɜːd] adj.不合理的;荒谬的
【参】ridiculous (adj. 荒谬的,可笑的) 【例】The public
thought the scientist’s opinion about global warmingwas utterly
absurd.公众认为,这个科学家对于全球变暖的观点荒谬之极。
latter [ˈlætə] n.(两者之中的)后者 【例】I offered Robert
peas and carrots, and he chose the
latter.我拿出了豌豆和胡萝卜,罗伯特选择了后者。
large [lɑːdʒ] adj.大的;巨大的 【例】There are a large
number of customers in the supermarket.超市里有很多顾客。
preview [ˈpriːvjuː] vt.预演,预习 【例】The audience that
previewed the new movie didn’t like it.看了预演的观众不喜欢这部电影。
【参】review(v.复习)
level [ˈlevl]
accustomed [əˈkʌstəmd] adj.通常的,习惯的 【例】He has been
accustomed to thecustoms here.他已经习惯了这里的风俗。
fax [fæks] n.传真
typical [ˈtɪpɪkl] adj.典型的;有代表性的 【例】It was
typical of her to forget.她这人就是爱忘事。
【参】typically(adv.典型地;代表性地)
editor [ˈedɪtə] n.编辑 【例】Her mother is an
editor.她的母亲是一位编辑。
develop [dɪˈveləp]
v.(使)发展;(使)发育;开发;冲洗(照片) 【例】develop the
economy发展经济
【参】developed(adj.发达的);developing(adj.发展中的);development(n.发展,发育)undeveloped
(adj. 欠发达的)
leak [liːk]
end [end] v.结束,终止 n.终点;结束 【例】I’m at the end of
my rope.我现在山穷水尽。
【参】ending(n.结尾,最后)
balance [ˈbæləns] n.平衡 v.使平衡;权衡 【例】The girl lost
her balance and fell off the balance
beam.小女孩失去了平衡,从平衡木上摔了下来。
【参】balanced(adj.平稳的,平衡的;和谐的)
injury [ˈɪndʒəri] n.损伤;受伤处 【例】Lucy escaped the car
accident without injury.露西在这次车祸中没有受伤。
【参】injured(adj.受伤的)
adventure [ədˈventʃə] n.冒险;奇遇
【参】venture [ˈventʃə(r)](v. 敢于去;拿…冒险,冒…的风险
n. 风险投资,(商业等的)风险项目) 【例】The spy’s work was filled with
adventures.间谍的工作充满了冒险。
pride [praɪd] n.自豪,骄傲 v.(使)自豪,(使)自夸
【例】We pride ourselves on our high
standards.我们为我们的高标准而自豪。
【参】proud(adj.骄傲的,自豪的)
bar [bɑː] n.酒吧;条,横木;栅栏 【例】a coffee
bar一家咖啡馆
adopt [əˈdɒpt] vt.采用;收养 【例】We should adopt the
consumer’s suggestion.我们应该接受那位消费者的建议。
dip [dɪp] v.(dipped, dipped, dipping)浸,蘸 【例】Mary
dipped her toe in the cold water.玛丽将脚趾头放到冷水中。
satisfy [ˈsætɪsfaɪ] v.满足,使满意 【例】People buy to
satisfy both body and soul.人们买东西是为了满足身心两方面的需求。
【参】satisfying(adj.令人满意的);satisfied(adj.感到满意的)
doubt [daʊt] n./v.怀疑,疑惑 【例】People doubt the outcome
of his experiments.人们怀疑他的实验结果。
appreciate [əˈpriːʃieɪt] vt.欣赏;感激 v.
赏识,鉴赏;感激;涨价,增值 【参】appreciation
(n. 欣赏;体谅;感激);appreciative
(adj.感谢的;赞赏的);appreciable (adj.
值得重视的;可感知的) 【例】When I reread his poems recently, I began
to appreciate
theirbeauty.当我最近重读他的诗时,我才开始欣赏它们的美。
subject [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt] n.题目,主题;学科;主语;主体
【例】What is the subject of the book?这本书的主题是什么?
control [kənˈtrəʊl] vt./n.(controlled, controlled,
controlling)控制 【例】The Romans used to control a vast
empire.罗马人曾经统治着一个庞大的帝国。
sell [sel] v.卖,售 【例】Bill sold his English dictionary
to his classmate
for$10.比尔以10美元的价格把英语词典卖给了他的同学。
vacant [ˈveɪkənt] adj.空的,未被占用的;空缺的
【参】vacancy (n. 空处;空缺);vacate〔vt.
腾出,空出;离(职),退(位)〕 【例】a vacant
position空缺职位
either [ˈaɪðə] adj./pron.(两者之中)任一 conj.或者,要么…
adv.也 【例】She asked no questions, and shedidn’t scold us
either.她什么也没问,也没有批评我们。
glance [ɡlɑːns] v./n.扫视,匆匆一看;一瞥 【例】I liked the
girl at first glance.第一眼看见这个女孩,我就喜欢上了她。
arrange [əˈreɪndʒ] vt.安排,布置 【例】Bob arranged a party
for Mary’s birthday.鲍勃为玛丽安排了一个生日派对。
【参】arrangement(n.安排,布置)
ahead [əˈhed] adv.在前,向前 【例】Our company is ahead of
other makers in producing some partsfor the
airplane.我们公司在飞机某些零部件的制造上比别的公司强。
whole [həʊl] adj.完整的,所有的 【例】Mary did the whole
job herself.玛丽自己完成了所有的工作。
frighten [ˈfraɪtn] vt.使惊恐,吓唬
【参】frightened(adj.受惊的,受恐吓的);frightening(adj.使惊恐的;令人恐惧的)
insist [ɪnˈsɪst]
coast [kəʊst] n.海岸,海滨 【例】a town on the
coast海滨城镇
judge [dʒʌdʒ] v.判断,评价 n.裁判,法官 【例】Cars are
judged on fuel efficiency rather than speed.
汽车是按耗油量而不是按速度来判断它们的性能的。
【参】judgment(n.裁判,判断)
background [ˈbækɡraʊnd]
hamburger [ˈhæmbɜːɡə] n.汉堡包 【例】I ordered a hamburger
and a milkshake at the
McDonald’s.我在麦当劳点了一个汉堡和一份奶昔。
terrify [ˈterɪfaI] vt.使人感到害怕,使恐惧 【例】Flying
terrifies some girls because they think it is
dangerous.飞行使一些女孩感到害怕,因为她们觉得飞行很危险。
scene [siːn]
n.(戏剧、电影等的)一场,场景,布景;景色,风景
【参】scenery(n.风景,景色)
modest [ˈmɒdɪst] adj.谦虚的,谦逊的 【例】He’s too modest
to tell you that he’s the
champion.他很谦虚,不会告诉你他就是冠军。
sometimes [ˈsʌmtaɪmz] adv.有时 【例】Sometimes Lisa writes
letters to her friends who live far awayfrom her.
有时候,莉萨给住在远方的朋友们写信。
conduct [kənˈdʌkt] vt.引导;管理 【例】The guider conducted
the hikers along the trail.导游带着徒步旅行者们沿小路前行。
【参】conductor(n.管理人;售票员;乐队指挥)
schedule [ˈʃedjuːl] vt. 安排;列入,收进(清单等)
n. 时刻表;清单;工作计划;日程安排 【例】bus schedule公共汽车时刻表 The
tests are scheduled for sixmonths.这些测试预计用六个月完成。
hit [hɪt] n./v.(hit, hit, hitting)打,撞;击中 【例】I
hope thatsomeone will hit on a solution to our
problem.我希望有人能想出办法以解决我们的问题。
progress [ˈprəʊɡres][prəˈɡres] n.进步,上进 vi.进展;进行
【例】No progress was made in the trade talk.贸易谈判没有取得任何进展。
【参】progressive(adj.前进的;进步的)
proper [ˈprɒpə] adj.恰当的,合适的 【例】Please put the
books back on the proper shelves.请把书放回到适当的架子上。
【参】properly(adv.适当地;完全地)
dictation [dɪkˈteɪʃn] n.听写;口述 【例】The teacher uses
dictation to teach listening
skills.老师通过听写来教授听力技巧。
percent [pəˈsent] n.百分之… 【例】Only 58 percent of
children in sub-Saharan Africa are drinkingsafe
water.在非洲撒哈拉以南的地区,只有58%的儿童能够喝到干净的水。
stamp [stæmp]
design [dɪˈzaɪn]
designer (n. 设计师) 【例】Artists were invited to design
clothes and settings for operasand
ballets.艺术家被邀请来为歌剧和芭蕾舞剧设计服装和舞台背景。special
design特殊的设计
operate [ˈɒpəreɪt] v.做手术;操作,运转;经营 【例】The
machine operates best at high speeds.机器在高速运转时状态最佳。
【参】operation(n.手术;操作);operator(n.操作者;接线员)
lively [ˈlaɪvli] adj.活泼的;充满生气的 【例】Everyone had
fun at the lively
party.在那个生动有趣的舞会上,大家玩得都很开心。
blank [blæŋk] adj.空的;茫然的 n.空格,空白,空白处 【例】a
blank tape空白磁带 During the exam my mind was a
blank.考试的时候,我的脑子里一片空白。
participate [pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt] vi.参加,参与 【例】She was
invited to participate in a television
debate.她应邀参加一场电视辩论。
file [faɪl] n.文件,档案 【例】We will keep your resume on
file.我们将把你的简历存入档案。
wound [wuːnd] vt.伤,使受伤;伤害 n.[C]创伤;伤口
【例】It’s reported that three people were dead and five wounded in the
traffic accident.据报道,这场交通事故中有3人死亡,5人受伤。
skill [skɪl] n.技能,技巧 【例】writing
skills写作技巧
apology [əˈpɒlədʒi] n.道歉;歉意 【例】The sales manager
made an apology to the customers for the poor
service.销售经理因服务不周而向顾客道歉。
【参】apologize(v.道歉)
frequent [ˈfriːkwənt] adj.经常的,频繁的 【例】Rains are
frequent here in early summer.初夏时节这里经常下雨。
【参】frequently (adv. 常常,频繁地)
cautious [ˈkɔːʃəs] adj.小心的,谨慎的 【例】The old man was
very cautious about every single word hes
aid.那位老人对自己说的每句话都很谨慎。
【参】incautious(adj.不谨慎的);caution(n.小心;警告)
wonderful [ˈwʌndəfl] adj.极好的;美妙的 【例】We had a
wonderful time on vacation.我们度假时玩得非常开心。
create [kriˈeɪt] vt.创造;造成 【例】Most waves are created
when winds blow across the ocean.大多数的海浪是风吹过海洋时形成的。
【参】creation(n.创造;创造物);creative(adj.创造性的);creativity(n.创造性);creature(n.人;动物;创造物)
practice [ˈpræktɪs] n.实践;练习;惯例,常规 【例】Playing
the violin well requires a lot of practice.拉好小提琴需要大量的练习。
【参】practical(adj.实际的,实用的);practically(adv.实际上)
coach [kəʊtʃ]
place [pleɪs] n.地方,处所 vt.放置,安置 【例】I had been
driving for at least an hour when I finally found
hisplace.我至少开了一小时的车才找到他的住所。He placed the vase inthe
middle of the table.他把花瓶放在桌子中间。
able [ˈeɪbl] adj.有能力的;有才干的,有本事的 【例】I think
Linda should be able to pass the final
exam.我认为琳达应该能通过期末考试。
nearly [ˈnɪəli] adv.将近;几乎 【例】This blue star
sapphire is worth nearly six hundred
thousanddollars.这颗蓝宝石的价值将近60万美元。
power [ˈpaʊə] n.力量;动力;能力;权力;电力
【参】powerless(adj.无能力的)
true [truː] adj.真正的,确实的;正确的
【参】untrue(adj.不真实的,不正确的);truly(adv.真正地,真实地)
vital [ˈvaɪtl] adj.至关重要的,生死攸关的
【参】vitality [vaɪˈtæləti](n. 生命力,活力)
native [ˈneɪtɪv] adj. 当地(人)的;出生地的
n. 本地人,本国人
parcel [ˈpɑːsl] n.包裹 【例】When I opened the door,a
parcel on the floor caught my
eye.当我打开门的时候,看到地上有一个包裹。
material [məˈtɪəriəl]
likely [ˈlaɪkli] adj.很可能的 【例】Jim is likely to have a
highersalary.吉姆很有可能会得到更高的薪水。
cloudy [ˈklaʊdi] adj.多云的,阴天的 【例】Cloudy mornings
give way to clear evenings.早晨云遮日,晚上星满天。
system [ˈsɪstəm] n.体系,系统 【例】Language is a highly
developed system of symbols.语言是一种高度发达的符号系统。
late [leɪt] adj.晚的,迟的 adv.晚,迟 【例】Get up,or you
will be late for school.快起床,否则你上学就迟到了。
interpreter [ɪnˈtɜːprɪtə] n.翻译员,口译人员
【参】interpretation
(n. 口译;解释,诠释;(表演、演奏的)艺术处理) 【例】He wants to work
as an interpreter.他想做一名翻译。
everybody [ˈevribɒdi] pron.每人,人人 【例】Everybody was
asked to put forward his/her opinion on thisissue in
class.课上,老师要求每个人都要就这个问题提出自己的看法。
harbour [ˈhɑːbə] (美harbor)n.港口 【例】We can overlook
the harbour from the window of our
room.从屋子的窗户我们可以俯瞰那个港口。
knee [niː] n.膝盖 【参】kneel [ni:l](vi.跪)
【例】I got down on my knees and pleaded for
help.我跪下来寻求帮助。
talk [tɔːk] v.谈话,议论 n.谈话,会谈;演讲 【例】I’m
writing to ask you tocome and give a talk on American
films.我写信是想邀请你来做一个有关美国电影的讲座。
before [bɪˈfɔː] prep.在…以前,在…前面 adv.以前 conj.在…之前
【例】It will be years before we meet
again.我们要过好多年才能再见面。
wild [waɪld] adj.野生的,野的;未开发的,荒凉的
【参】wildlife(n.野生生物)
dangerous [ˈdeɪndʒərəs] adj.危险的 【例】dangerous
condition/situation危险的情况
【参】dangerously(adv.危险地)
temporary [ˈtemprəri] adj.暂时的,临时(性)的
【参】permanent(adj.永久的)
compare [kəmˈpeə] vt.比较,对照
【参】comparable(adj.可比较的,比得上的) 【例】Living in
a town can’tcompare with living in the country in many
respects.在许多方面,城市生活比不上乡村生活。
plot [plɒt] vt.(plotted,plotted,plotting)密谋 n.情节
【例】The plot is pretty boring.故事情节枯燥无味。
rest [rest] n.休息;剩余的部分,其余的人(或物)
vi.休息,歇息 【例】Take what you want and throw the rest
away.把你想要的拿走,其余的丢掉。
endless [ˈendləs] adj.无止境的;没完没了的 【例】Harry has
given his children and wife endless love all his
life.哈里一生给了他的妻儿无尽的爱。
type [taɪp] vt.打字,用打字机打出 n.类型 【例】This file
needs to be typed out again because there are someerrors in
it.这份文件需要再打一遍,因为里边有一些错误。
【参】typist(n.打字员)
worry [ˈwʌri] v./n.担忧,烦恼 【例】Many people worried
about theexistence of wildlife.许多人担心野生动物的生存问题。
junior [ˈdʒuːniə] adj.初级的;年少的 【例】junior high
school初中
dialogue [ˈdaɪəlɒɡ] (美dialog)n.对话 【例】political
dialogue政治对话
second [ˈsekənd] n.秒 num.第二 adj.二等的;第二的 【例】We
learn English as our second language.我们把英语作为第二语言来学习。
【参】secondly(adv.第二,其次);millisecond(n.毫秒)
envy [ˈenvi] n./v.嫉妒,羡慕 【例】His success made others
envy him.他的成功让别人嫉妒。
everything [ˈevriθɪŋ] pron.每件事;一切,所有的东西
【例】The museum nearly contains
everything.博物馆里真可谓包罗万象。
entrance [ˈentrəns] n.入口;入场;入学许可 【例】the
entrance to the museum博物馆入口
pavement [ˈpeɪvmənt] n.人行道 【例】George was riding his
small tricycle along the
pavement.乔治正在人行道上骑他的小三轮车。
register [ˈredʒɪstə]
active [ˈæktɪv] adj.积极的,主动的 【例】You are not active
enough in putting forward your
suggestions.在提出自己的建议方面你不够积极。
reliable [rɪˈlaɪəbl] adj.可靠的,可信赖的 【例】The boss is
looking for a reliable employee to be an accountantof his
company.老板正在找一个可信赖的雇员做他公司的会计。
tension [ˈtenʃn]
n.紧张(状态),不安;拉紧,绷紧;压力,张力 【例】One of the best ways
to relieve tension is to practise yoga in
theevening.减压的一个好方法是晚上练习瑜伽。
fool [fuːl] n.傻子,蠢人,白痴 v.欺骗;做蠢事;游手好闲
【例】The little girl is so clever that nobody can easily fool
her.那个小女孩非常聪明,没有人能轻易欺骗她。
【参】foolish(adj.愚蠢的)
avoid [əˈvɔɪd] vt.避免,躲开,逃避 【例】These measures can
avoidpeople suffering traffic
accidents.这些措施可以让人免遭交通事故。
appointment [əˈpɔɪntmənt] n.约会
drunk [drʌŋk] adj.醉的 【例】He is slightly
drunk.他有点醉了。
sick [sɪk] adj.有病的,患病的,不舒服的;(想)呕吐的
【例】Peter has been off for two days because he is
sick.彼得因为生病已经两天没有上班了。
【参】sickness(n.疾病;不健康)
phrase [freɪz] n.短语,习惯用语 【例】What does the
underlined phrase mean?画线的短语是什么意思?
deal [diːl] v.(dealt,dealt,dealing)处理 n.量,数额;交易
【参】dealer(n.商人)
up [ʌp] adv.向上;在上方 adj.上面的 n.上升
v.(upped,upped,upping)举起;提高 prep.向高处 【例】She upped and
left.她起身走了。
dive [daɪv] vi.跳水 【例】dive into the
water跳入水中
summary [ˈsʌməri]
summarise (v.
概括,总结);summarization (n. 摘要,概要)
【例】Students’homework is to write a summary of the
story.学生们的作业是写故事梗概。
correct [kəˈrekt] vt.改正;纠正 adj.正确的,对的;恰当的
【例】I don’t think my English teacher’s idea is
correct.我认为我们英语老师的观点不正确。
justice [ˈdʒʌstɪs] n.正义,公正;司法 【例】Judges should
base their judgments on
justice.法官的判决应该建立在公正的基础上。
finish [ˈfɪnɪʃ] v.结束,做完 【例】I finished cleaning the
room.我打扫完房间了。
special [ˈspeʃl] adj.特别的;专门的 【例】Take special care
tonight because the road is icy.路面结冰了,今晚要格外小心。
【参】specialist(n.专家,专科医生);especial(adj.特别的,特殊的)
fault [fɔːlt] n.过错,缺点,毛病
【参】faulty(adj.有过失的,有缺点的)
reform [rɪˈfɔːm] n.改革;改善 v.改革,革新 【例】The reform
of educational system is warmly welcomed byteachers and
students.教育体系的改革受到了老师和学生们的热烈欢迎。
freeze [friːz]
v.(froze,frozen,freezing)(使)结冰;使僵住
【参】frozen(adj.冻结的;冷酷的)
nor [nɔː] conj.也不 【例】In this village
of1,000persons,half cannot read nor
write.在这个有1000人的村子里,有一半人既不会读也不会写。
at [æt] prep.在…;以…
pity [ˈpɪti] n.怜悯,同情;憾事
credit [ˈkredɪt] vt. 把…记入贷方;把…归于
n. 信用贷款,赊欠;贷方;信任,相信;荣誉,名望;光荣,功劳;学分 【参】
discredit (vt. 使丧失信誉,使怀疑) 【例】a credit
card信用卡
shame [ʃeɪm] n.遗憾的事;羞愧 【例】Bill lowered his head
with shame when he knew what he haddone was
wrong.当意识到自己做了错事时,比尔羞愧地低下了头。
【参】shameful(adj.可耻的;不体面的);shameless(adj.不知羞耻的)
graduate [ˈɡrædʒueɪt][ˈɡrædʒuət] v.毕业
n.(大学)毕业生;研究生 【例】He graduated from Beijing Language and
Culture University.他毕业于北京语言文化大学。
【参】graduation(n.毕业;毕业典礼)
earn [ɜːn] vt.挣得,赚得 【例】earn money赚钱
heap [hiːp]
total [ˈtəʊtl] adj.总数的;总括的;完全的 n.合计 vt.合计为
【例】He has a total of four hoursof sleep each
day.他每天总共才睡四个小时。
【参】totally(adv.总计地;完全地)
none [nʌn] pron.无任何东西或人
manage [ˈmænɪdʒ] vt.管理;完成 vi.应付;解决
【参】management(n.管理);manager(n.经理);managerial(adj.管理的;经理的)
raise [reɪz] vt.举起;提高,使升高;饲养,养育
make [meɪk]
vt.(made,made,making)制造,做;使成为
describe [dɪˈskraɪb] vt. 描述,描写,形容
【参】description(n.描述,描写)
grasp [ɡrɑːsp] vt.抓住,紧握;领会 【例】The boy climbed
onto the wall and grasped the pole.男孩儿爬上墙头抓住竿子。
desire [dɪˈzaɪə] n./v.渴望,期望 【例】The people all over
the world desire peace.全世界的人们都渴望和平。
until [ənˈtɪl] prep./conj.直到…为止,在…以前
excuse [ɪkˈskjuːs][ɪkˈskjuːz] n.借口,理由
vt.原谅,宽恕
jam [dʒæm] v.(jammed,jammed,jamming)(使)阻塞
n.果酱;阻塞 【例】The fax machine has jammed
again.传真机又卡住了。
get [ɡet] vt.(got,got,getting)得到,获得
link.v.变得;到达
wash [wɒʃ] v.洗涤,冲刷 n.洗;洗的衣服 【例】Washing
clothes is the last thing I want to do.洗衣服是我最不愿意做的事情。
【参】washing(n.洗,洗涤,冲洗;要洗的衣物);washroom(n.盥洗室)
struggle [ˈstrʌɡl] n./v.努力,斗争,挣扎 【例】I struggled
to get free.我争取获得自由。
boil [bɔɪl] v.沸腾,烧开;煮 【例】boiling water沸水 Most
of the crimes may boildown to a question of
money.大多数犯罪都可归结为金钱问题。
do [duː] vt.(did,done,doing)做,干
aux.v.用以构成疑问句及否定句
powerful [ˈpaʊəfl] adj.强有力的,强大的;有影响力的
【例】The new President claimed that he would make his countrywealthy
and powerful.新总统声称他将使国家富强。
straight [streɪt] adj./adv.直的(地);直接 【例】He looked
at me straight in the eye.他直视着我的眼睛。
hold [həʊld] v.(held,held,holding)拿,握住;举行
【参】holder(n.持有者,占有者)
advantage [ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ] n.优点,好处 【例】Her rich
experience gave her an advantage over otherapplicants for the
job.她丰富的经验使她比其他求职者更具优势。
【参】disadvantage(n.缺点,不利条件)
competition [ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn] n.比赛,竞赛 【例】Our company is
in competition with other three companies for this important
cooperation.我们公司和其他三家公司在竞争这次重要的合作机会。
bargain [ˈbɑːɡən] n.便宜货,廉价货 v.讨价还价 【例】This
jacket is a real bargain at such a low
price.这件夹克衫价格这么低,真是便宜。
honour [ˈɒnə]
(美honor)vt.尊敬,给予荣誉;向…表示敬意;信守,执行(承诺)
n.荣誉,光荣;尊敬 【例】They honoured him with a special
dinner.他们专门设宴招待他以示尊敬。
acknowledge [əkˈnɒlɪdʒ]
defence [dɪˈfens]
defend (v.
防护;辩护) 【例】Many young men joined the army in defence of their
countryduring the war.战争期间,很多年轻人入伍保卫国家。
practise [ˈpræktɪs]
(美practice)v.练习;实习;经常做;养成…的习惯
clothing [ˈkləʊðɪŋ] n.〈总称〉衣服
influence [ˈɪnfluəns] vt. 影响 n. 影响力;产生影响力的人
【例】What influenced your career
choice?什么影响了你对职业的选择?
flesh [fleʃ] n.肉,肉体 【例】flesh and
blood血肉之躯;亲人
burglar [ˈbɜːɡlə] n.盗贼,窃贼 【参】burglary
(n. 夜盗行为;夜盗罪) 【例】The burglar got into the house through the
bedroom window.窃贼从卧室的窗户潜入了这栋房子。
succeed [səkˈsiːd] vi.成功 vt.继承,接替 【例】He succeeded
in theexamination.他通过了考试。
require [rɪˈkwaɪə] vt.需求;要求 【例】To solve the problem
requires the efforts of the whole society.解决这个问题需要全社会的努力。
【参】requirement(n.需要;必要的条件)
above [əˈbʌv] prep.在…上面,在…上方;多于,大于
adj.上面的,上述的;上文的 adv.在上面 【例】There are thirty students
above sixteen years old in our
class.我们班有30名16岁以上的学生。
dirt [dɜːt] n.污物,脏物;尘土
【参】dirty(adj.脏的,肮脏的)
post [pəʊst] n.岗位,职位;邮政,邮寄,邮件
vt.投寄;邮寄;发布 【例】I asked Kate to help me send a letter when she
passed the postoffice.我让凯特在经过邮局时帮我寄封信。
search [sɜːtʃ] n./v.搜寻,搜查
aboard [əˈbɔːd] prep./adv.在(或上)船,飞机,火车等
【例】She went aboard the ship.她上了船。
deliver [dɪˈlɪvə]
vt.投递(信件、邮包等);交付,给;发表(演说等);接生
【参】delivery (n. 投递,送交) 【例】We delivered the
criminal to thepolice.我们把罪犯交给了警察。
useless [ˈjuːsləs] adj.无用的 【例】This is a useless
knife,because the handle is
broken!这把小刀没用了,因为刀把坏了。
bark [bɑːk] v.狗叫;厉声说话 n.狗叫声;树皮 【例】Our
neighbour’s dog barks constantly.我们邻居的狗叫个不停。
learn [lɜːn] vi.学,学习;(与of,about连用)得知,获悉
vt.学,学习,学会,得知 【例】Students learned how to plant trees
through this class.通过这节课,学生们学会了如何植树。
【参】learned(adj.有学问的)
contrary [ˈkɒntrəri] n.反面 adj.相反的
western [ˈwestən] adj.西方的;西部的 【例】Britain has
allied itself with other western powers for trade
anddefence.英国与西方其他强国结成了贸易和防御联盟。
sound [saʊnd] vi.发出声音 vt.宣告 link.v.听起来
n.声音
force [fɔːs] vt.强迫,迫使 n.力量,武力
【参】enforced [ɪnˈfɔːrst](adj.强迫的;强制性的;
v.强制执行,强行实施(法律或规定);强迫;迫使;)
breast [brest] n.胸部;胸怀 【例】Joy filled his
breast.他满心欢喜。
generous [ˈdʒenərəs] adj.慷慨的,大方的 【例】He is a
generous man.他为人大方。
【参】generously(adv.慷慨地)
criminal [ˈkrɪmɪnl] n.罪犯 【例】The police provided the
records of the criminal to the judge
incourt.警方在法庭上向法官提供该罪犯的犯罪记录。
【参】criminalist(n.刑事专家,犯罪学者)
because [bɪˈkɒz] conj.因为
successful [səkˈsesfl] adj.成功的,有成就的 【例】That
successful businesswoman is our model.那个成功的商业女性是我们的榜样。
【参】successfully(adv.成功地)
empty [ˈempti] vt.倒空 adj.空的 【例】Will you please go
and empty that drawer?你能去倒一下抽屉吗?
remain [rɪˈmeɪn] vi.余下,留下 link.v.保持,仍是
swim [swɪm] vi.游泳;游 【例】Few people have the courage
to swim across the
GibraltarStrait.几乎没人有勇气游过直布罗陀海峡。
thus [ðʌs] adv.这样;因而 【例】The new machine will work
twice as fast,thus greatly
reducingcosts.新机器的运转速度将提升一倍,因而大大降低了成本。
【参】hence(adv.因此,从此);therefore(adv.因此,所以)
occupy [ˈɒkjupaɪ] vt.占领,占据,使忙碌于 【例】Caring for
the baby occupies most of her time.她的大部分时间都用来照顾宝宝了。
【参】occupation(n.占据;职业)
enthusiastic [ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪk] adj.热心的,热情的 【例】The
actor received an enthusiastic greeting from the
fans.那名男演员受到了影迷们的热烈欢迎。
passive [ˈpæsɪv] adj.被动的;消极的
【参】active(adj.主动的;积极的)
motivation [ˌməʊtɪˈveɪʃn] n.动机 【例】What is your
motivation to quit your job?你辞职的动机是什么?
fry [fraɪ] v.油炸,油煎 【例】She fried the eggs in a
pan.她在平底锅里煎鸡蛋。
normal [ˈnɔːml] adj.正常的 n.正常,常态,普通 【例】The
doctor took the sick child’s temperature and foundeverything was
normal.医生给那个生病的孩子量了体温,发现一切正常。
【参】normally(adv.正常地,通常地)
poor [pɔː] adj.贫穷的,可怜的;差的
【参】poorly(adv.贫穷地;糟糕地)
tip [tɪp] vt.(tipped,tipped,tipping)告诫,提示;给小费
n.顶端;小费;提示 【例】Professor Smith gave some tips to his students
for theirexperiments.史密斯教授对学生们的实验提出了一些建议。
defend [dɪˈfend] vt.保护,防御
【参】defence(n.保护,防御)
potential [pəˈtenʃl] adj. 潜在的;可能的 n. 潜力,潜能
【例】My coach said that I had
greatpotential.教练说我很有潜力。
might [maɪt] modal v.可能;可以 【例】He might come
tomorrow,but I’m not sure.他明天可能来,不过我不确定。
creature [ˈkriːtʃə] n.生物;动物 【例】As is well known,man
is an intelligent and sensible
creature.众所周知,人类是一种智慧而又理性的生物。
rid [rɪd] vt.(rid,rid,ridding)使…摆脱 【例】Mary is
trying to get rid of the mice inher
house.玛丽正在试图除掉她家里的老鼠。
entry [ˈentri] n.进入;入口 【例】The entry of the ancient
tomb was blocked by a big stone.古墓的入口被一块大石头挡住了。
analyse [ˈænəlaɪz] vt.分析;研究 【例】People do not
analyse every problem they
meet.人们不会对遇到的每一个问题都进行分析。
witness [ˈwɪtnəs] vn. 证据;目击者 v. 目击;为…作证
【例】The police questioned the witness about the
accident.警方就事故向目击者进行询问。
instrument [ˈɪnstrəmənt]
weep [wiːp] v.(wept,wept,weeping)哭泣,流泪 【例】She
wept bitter tears of disappointment.她沮丧得痛哭流涕。
award [əˈwɔːd] n.奖品,奖励 【例】The hero won an award
because of his courage in the
war.这个英雄因为在战争中非凡的勇气获得嘉奖。
nothing [ˈnʌθɪŋ] pron.没有东西,没有什么;无关紧要的东西
【例】There was nothing important in the letter to my
parents.我写给父母的那封信里没什么特别重要的内容。
hard-working [ˌhɑːdˈwɜːkɪŋ] adj.勤劳的,辛勤工作的
【例】Helen was such a hard-working girl that she will definitely
passthe final exam.海伦学习非常勤奋,她一定能通过期末考试。
anyone [ˈeniwʌn] pron.任何人,无论谁 【例】Henry is very
hard-working.He works on the farm longer thananyone
else.亨利十分勤奋。他在农场的工作时间比其他任何人都长。
then [ðen] adv.当时,那时;然后;那么(通常用于句首或句尾)
【例】I was 25 then and had just gotten
married.那时我25岁,刚刚结婚。
interrupt [ˌɪntəˈrʌpt]
interruption
(n. 打扰,打断) 【例】I didn’t mean to interrupt
you.我不是有意要打断你的。
shade [ʃeɪd]
decide [dɪˈsaɪd] v.决定,下决心
rob [rɒb] v.(robbed,robbed,robbing)抢夺,抢劫
【参】robber(n.抢劫者)
purpose [ˈpɜːpəs] n.目的,意图
【参】purposefully(adv.有目的地);purposely(adv.故意地)
taste [teɪst] n.味道;品味;爱好 vt.品尝;觉察…味道
vi.品尝;有味道 link.v.吃起来,滋味是 【例】I don’t go in for rock and
roll.It’s much too noisy for my
taste.我不喜欢摇滚乐,它对于我来说太吵了。
seal [siːl] vt. 封,密封 n. 封铅,封条;印,图章;海豹
【例】The female seal is looking for food for her injured
husband.雌海豹正在为受伤的公海豹寻找食物。
extreme [ɪkˈstriːm] adj.极端的,偏激的 【例】extreme
opinions极端的看法
【参】extremely(adv.极端地,非常地)
argue [ˈɑːɡjuː] v.争论;说服 【参】arguably
(adv. 可论证地,可辩解地) 【例】Susan and her brother argued over
which television program
towatch.苏珊和弟弟为看哪个电视节目而争论。
neither [ˈnaɪðə] adj./pron.(两者)都不 conj.也不
other [ˈʌðə] pron./adj.其他的,另外的
kill [kɪl] vt.杀死,弄死;消磨(时间) 【例】All the
passengers were killed in the air crash except a
littleboy.除了一个小男孩,所有的乘客都在飞机失事中遇难。
suffer [ˈsʌfə]
suffering(n.痛苦,苦难)
set [set]
vt.(set,set,setting)设置,调整;树立;摆放;日落 n.一套;设备
arrest [əˈrest] vt./n.逮捕,拘留 【例】The police arrested
the thief.警方逮捕了那个小偷。
see [siː] v.(saw,seen,seeing)看见,看到;领会 【例】Do
you see what I mean?你明白我的意思了吗?
stare [steə] v.盯着看,凝视
spend [spend]
vt.(spent,spent,spending)度过;花费(钱、时间等)
majority [məˈdʒɒrəti]
minority(n.少数;少数民族)
pour [pɔː] v.倾泻,不断流出
step [step] v.(stepped,stepped,stepping)走;跨步
n.脚步;台阶 【例】I took a few steps back.我往后退了几步。
effort [ˈefət] n.努力,艰难的尝试, 努力的结果,成就
【参】effortlessly(adv.容易地) 【例】 Henry has put a lot
of effort into communicating with new friends.
亨利非常努力地与新朋友进行交流。
contribution [ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃn] n.贡献;捐款 【例】The big
fish has made great contributions to the people who arebadly in need of
provisions after the
disaster.灾难发生后,这个大人物为那些严重缺衣少食的人们捐了很多钱。
【参】contributive(adj.贡献的)
want [wɒnt] v.想要,需要
【参】unwanted(adj.不必要的;多余的)
state [steɪt] n.状态;国家;州 vt.宣称
【参】statement(n.声明;陈述)
dusk [dʌsk] n.黄昏
pace [peɪs] n.步子,步速;节奏 【例】The fence is only ten
paces from the house.围栏离屋子只有十步远。
attract [əˈtrækt] vt. 吸引,招引,引诱,引起(注意等)
【例】He tried to attract the attention of the lovely
girl.他试图引起那个可爱的女孩的注意。
【参】attraction(n.吸引,吸引力)attractant
(n. 引诱物)
almost [ˈɔːlməʊst] adv.几乎,差不多
corner [ˈkɔːnə] n.角;角落;拐角 【例】The guest wanted to
book a corner room with windows
facingnorth.客人想预订一间窗子朝北的拐角房。
report [rɪˈpɔːt] n./vt.报道,报告 【例】The report on this
research has been written three days
ago.这份研究报告三天前就写完了。
same [seɪm] n.同样的事 adj.同样的,同一的 【例】Your watch
is the same as mine.你的表和我的一样。
approval [əˈpruːvl] n.赞成;认可;批准 【例】John could not
agree with anything without his
partner’sapproval.没有合作伙伴的认可,约翰不能同意任何事。
drink [drɪŋk] v.(drank,drunk,drinking)喝,饮 n.饮酒;饮料
【例】You’re drinking too much.你喝得太多了。
grow [ɡrəʊ] v.(grew,grown,growing)种植;生长,发育
link.v.渐渐变得,变成 【例】Do you grow many plants
yourself?你自己种许多植物吗?
【参】growing(adj.成长的;增加的)
start [stɑːt] n./v.开始,着手;出发
gifted [ˈɡɪftɪd] adj.有天赋的,有才华的
【参】gift(n.天赋,才华) 【例】Newton was a gifted
scientist.牛顿是一名天才科学家。
oppose [əˈpəʊz] v.反对;反抗 【例】There are many people
who oppose this view.有很多人反对这种观点。
【参】opposition(n.反对)
certain [ˈsɜːtn] adj.某些;确定的,无疑的;一定会…
【例】I’m certain that he saw me.我肯定他看见我了。
hopeful [ˈhəʊpfl] adj.有希望的;有前途的 【例】Ann felt
very hopeful that she would pass the English
exam.安觉得自己很有希望通过英语考试。
【参】hopefully(adv.有希望地)
observe [əbˈzɜːv] v.观察;遵守 【例】Please observe the
speed limit while driving.开车时请遵守速度限制。
【参】observer(n.观察者,观察员);observation(n.观察)
stainless [ˌsteɪnləs] adj.无污点的;无瑕疵的;不锈的
【例】For the sake of security,please use the stainless steel rather
thaniron.为了安全,请用不锈钢,别用铁。
【参】stainlessness(n.不锈)
everywhere [ˈevriweə] adv.到处 【例】He follows her
everywhere.她到哪儿他都跟着。
visual [ˈvɪʒuəl] adj.视力的,视觉的 【例】the visual
arts视觉艺术
concept [ˈkɒnsept]
conceptual(adj.观念的,概念的)
probably [ˈprɒbəbli] adv.很可能,大概 【例】I invited her
to the party but she probably won’t
come.我邀请她参加晚会,但是她可能不会来。
attitude [ˈætɪtjuːd]
conclude [kənˈkluːd] v.推论;断定;完成;结束 【例】Let’s
conclude this meeting before5:00.让我们在5点前结束这个会议吧。
slow [sləʊ] adj.缓慢的 v.放慢速度,减缓 【例】She is a very
slow eater.她吃饭非常慢。
【参】slowly(adv.慢慢地,迟缓地);slowness(n.缓慢,迟钝)
opposite [ˈɒpəzɪt] n.相反,对面;对立面,对立物
adj.相反的,对面的 【参】opposition (n. 反对) 【例】The
hotel the stranger wanted to look for was opposite to
thebank.那个陌生人想找的旅馆在银行对面。
forecast [ˈfɔːkɑːst] n.预知
vt.(forecast/forecasted,forecast/forecasted,forecasting)预告,预测
【例】Hurricane has been forecast fortomorrow
afternoon.天气预报说明天下午有飓风。
usual [ˈjuːʒuəl] adj.通常的,平常的 【例】As usual,I got up
late that
Saturdaymorning.和平时一样,那个星期六早晨我起得很晚。
sponsor [ˈspɒnsə]
under [ˈʌndə] adv.在下 prep.在…下面,向…下面 【例】Several
new railways are underconstruction in
China.中国有几条新铁路正在建设中。
necessary [ˈnesəsəri] adj.必需的,必要的 【例】It’s
necessary to be prepared for a job interview.在面试前做好准备很有必要。
【参】unnecessary(adj.不必要的)necessarily(adv.必要地;必然地)
helpful [ˈhelpfl] adj.有帮助的,有益的 【例】The librarian
in our school is always helpful for students tolook for
books.我们学校的图书管理员总是帮助学生找书。
diamond [ˈdaɪəmənd] n.钻石,金刚石;菱形
twice [twaɪs] adv.两次;两倍 【例】When I got ill,I took
medicine twice a day.我生病时每天吃两次药。
channel [ˈtʃænl] n.海峡;频道;通道 【例】the English
Channel英吉利海峡
growth [ɡrəʊθ] n.生长;增长 【例】In China,there was a
sharp growth in foreign trade in the
firstquarter.第一季度,中国的对外贸易迅猛增长。
possible [ˈpɒsəbl] adj.可能的
【参】impossible(adj.不可能的)
found [faʊnd] vt.(founded,founded,founding)成立,建立
【例】You should found your claim on
facts.你的主张应该以事实为基础。
crime [kraɪm] n.(法律上的)罪,罪行 【例】a campus
crime校园犯罪
salary [ˈsæləri] n.工资,薪水 【例】His annual salary is
500,000 yuan.他的年薪是50万元。
face [feɪs] n.脸;面容;表情;面子;(硬币、纸币等的)正面
vt.面向;面对,朝;正视;面临
【参】facial(adj.面部的)
commit [kəˈmɪt]
v.(committed,committed,committing)犯(错误),干(坏事) 【例】If you
commit a crime,you can never escape being
punished.你要是犯了罪,就必定会受到惩罚。
【参】committee(n.委员会) committed (adj.
尽心尽力的;坚信的);commitment
(n.承诺,保证;献身;承担义务)
laughter [ˈlɑːftə] n.笑,笑声 【例】I heard my
friends’laughter,so I asked them what was so
funny.我听见了朋友们的笑声,便问他们什么这么好笑。
block [blɒk]
blockage(n. 障碍物)
teach [tiːtʃ] v.(taught,taught,teaching)教书;教
【例】Teaching little children under ten years old is not as easy as it
issaid.教10岁以下的小孩并不像人们说的那样轻松。
top [tɒp] n.顶部;(物体的)上面 【例】Little Wendy is
standing on the top of the roof and looking ather
sister.小温迪正站在屋顶上看着她的姐姐。
heat [hiːt] n.热 v.加热 【例】The fireplace heated the
house.壁炉让屋子暖和起来。
【参】heated(adj.热烈的,激昂的)
greeting [ˈɡriːtɪŋ] n.祝贺;问候;致谢 【例】The staff
welcomed the new manager with a cheerful
greeting.全体员工热情地向新经理打招呼,欢迎他的到来。
bitter [ˈbɪtə] adj.有苦味的;痛苦的;严酷的 【例】The
medicine is too bitter to take.这种药太苦了,根本没法吃。
【参】bitterly(adv.极其;伤心地)
jewelry [ˈdʒuːəlri] n.〈总称〉珠宝,首饰 【例】Helen wore
lots of jewelry.海伦戴着许多首饰。
drug [drʌɡ] n.药,药物;毒品
basic [ˈbeɪsɪk] adj.基本的 n.要素;基础
【参】basically(adv.基本上;主要地)
painful [ˈpeɪnfl] adj.痛苦的;疼痛的 【例】It was painful
to make Jane admit that she made a
mistake.让简承认她错了是件很痛苦的事。
mail [meɪl] n.邮政,邮递 vt.美 邮寄 【例】It’s now more
convenient for people to send an e-mail than tomail a
letter.如今,对人们而言发电子邮件比寄信更方便。
remove [rɪˈmuːv] vt. 排除,消除;搬迁,移动;开除,解除
n. 距离,间距 【参】remover
(n. 清除剂;搬家工人,搬家公司) 【例】The boss removed his name
fromconsideration.老板将他的名字排除在考虑范围之外。
borrow [ˈbɒrəʊ] v.(向别人)借用;借 【例】Jack went to the
national library to borrow some English
booksyesterday.杰克昨天去国家图书馆借了一些英语书。
stomach [ˈstʌmək] n.[C]胃,胃部 【例】Drinking alcohol
with an empty stomach is bad for your
health.空腹喝酒对健康有害。
pet [pet] n.宠物,爱畜 【例】Do you mind if I keep a pet in
this room?你介意我在这间屋子里养宠物吗?
anger [ˈæŋɡə] n.愤怒 【例】Joe’s anger erupted when he
learned that his car had
beenstolen.乔得知自己的车被盗后,怒火中烧。
willing [ˈwɪlɪŋ] adj.情愿的,乐意的
【参】willingness (n. 自发;愿意)
【例】The gentleman is willing to payfor the
bill.这位绅士乐意埋单。
present [ˈpreznt][prɪˈzent] adj.当前的;出席的 n.礼物,赠品
vt.赠送;介绍 【参】presentation(n.陈述;介绍)
hide [haɪd] v.(hid,hidden,hiding)掩饰;隐藏 n. 皮革,兽皮
【例】The man hid in a car.那个男人藏在车里。
absent [ˈæbsənt] adj. 缺席的,不在场的;心不在焉的
distant [ˈdɪstənt] adj.远的,遥远的 【例】Human beings will
live a better life in the not too distant
future.在不远的将来,人类将过上更好的生活。
【参】distance(n.距离)
immediately [ɪˈmiːdiətli] adv. 立即,马上;紧接地;直接地
【例】Henry stood up immediately to answer the teacher’s questionwhen he
was asked.老师刚问亨利问题,他就立刻站起来回答了。
garage [ˈɡærɑːʒ] n.汽车间,车库 【例】There are three cars
in the garage.车库里有三辆车。
rely [rɪˈlaɪ] vi.依赖(于),依靠;信任 【例】These
days,people rely on computers to complete
work.如今,人们依靠计算机来完成工作。
【参】reliable(adj.可靠的,可信赖的)
just [dʒʌst] adv.刚才,恰好;只是,仅 adj.公正的
well [wel] adv.好地,充分地 adj.健康的 int.好吧 n.井
【例】You look well.你气色很好。
fairly [ˈfeəli] adv.相当;还算;公正地
【参】fair adj. 公平的;合理的 adv. 公正地;公平合理地
n. 商品交易会;展销会 【例】He is a fairly good
boy.他是个很好的男孩。
burn [bɜːn]
v.(burnt/burned,burnt/burned,burning)燃,烧,着火;使烧焦;使晒黑
n.烧伤;晒伤
truth [truːθ] n.事实;真理
【参】untruth(n.假话);truthful(adj.诚实的;真实的)
pound [paʊnd] n.磅;英镑 【例】Two pounds of
carrots,please.请给我两磅胡萝卜。
automatic [ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk] adj.自动的,机械的 【例】The Smiths
bought an automatic dishwasher.史密斯家买了一台自动洗碗机。
middle [ˈmɪdl] n.中间,当中
adj.中部的,中间的,中级的
courage [ˈkʌrɪdʒ] n.勇气,胆略 【例】He showed great
courage and determination.他表现得十分勇敢和果断。
attack [əˈtæk] v./n.攻击,袭击 【例】Our dog attacked the
neighbour’s cat.我们的狗攻击了邻居家的猫。
care [keə] v.介意,在乎;在意;关心 n.照料;保护;小心
【参】careful(adj.小心的,谨慎的);carefully(adv.仔细地);careless(adj.粗心的;草率的)
kick [kɪk] v./n.踢 【例】The baby was lying on its
back,kicking its legs in the air.婴儿平躺着,两腿向空中踢着。
withdraw [wɪðˈdrɔː]
v.(withdrew,withdrawn,withdrawing)收回;撤退;缩回,退出;提取(钱)
【参】withdrawn(adj.内向的,孤僻的)
broken [ˈbrəʊkən] adj.弄坏了的,破碎的
degree [dɪˈɡriː] n.程度;度数;文凭 【例】I agree with you
to some degree.我在某种程度上同意你的观点。
applicant [ˈæplɪkənt] n.申请人 【例】According to the
data,there were twenty-five applicants for theposition of general
manager.数据显示,有25人申请总经理一职。
dream [driːm]
v.(dreamed/dreamt,dreamed/dreamt,dreaming)做梦,梦想
n.梦,梦想
view [vjuː] n.看法;景色
delay [dɪˈleɪ] n./v. 耽搁,延迟,延期
admirable [ˈædmərəbl] adj.令人钦佩的;极好的 【例】The
beautiful girl’s thick black hair is admirable to
everyone.这个漂亮女孩浓密的黑发让每个人都赞叹不已。
least [liːst] n.最少,最少量 【例】He was the one who did
the least of the work and got the mostof the
money.他就是那个干活最少、拿钱最多的人。
join [dʒɔɪn] v.参加,加入;连接;会合 【例】We all joined
in the singing.我们一起唱起了歌。
marry [ˈmæri] v.(married,married,marrying)和…结婚
【参】marriage(n.结婚,婚姻)
possess [pəˈzes] vt.占有,拥有 【例】He possesses many fine
qualities.他有很多优点。
instruct [ɪnˈstrʌkt] vt. 教导;指示,命令
【参】instructor(n.教师;讲师;指导者)
educate [ˈedʒukeɪt]
v.(educated,educated,educating)教育,培养 【例】He was once educated
at a local grammar school.他曾在当地的一所文法学校学习过。
【参】educator(n.教育家);educated(adj.受过教育的)
fluent [ˈfluːənt] adj.(说话、语言、写作等)流利的,流畅的
【例】Linda could speak fluent English at the age of
6.琳达6岁时就能说一口流利的英语了。
comment [ˈkɒment]
commentator
(n. 评论员;讲解员)commentary [ˈkɒməntri](n. (尤指电台或电视台所作的)实况报道,现场解说;注释,解释;批评;评价)
【例】He refused to comment on theelection
results.他拒绝评论选举的结果。
statistics [stəˈtɪstɪks]
n.统计表,数字,数据;统计数字,统计资料;统计学 【例】Statistics prove
that you are safer in a plane than in a
car.数据证明,乘飞机要比乘汽车安全。
bill [bɪl] n.钞票;账单;法案,议案 【例】The bill was
carried by theSenate.这项法案在参议院获得通过。
soon [suːn] adv.不久,很快,一会儿
eager [ˈiːɡə] adj.渴望的,热切的 【例】She is eager to see
thisfilm.她特别想看这部电影。
【参】eagerly(adv.渴望地,热切地);eagerness(n.渴望,热切)
pack [pæk] n.包,背包;一群 v.包装,整理 【例】Tom refused
to pack his belongings.汤姆拒绝把自己的东西打包。
comprehension [ˌkɒmprɪˈhenʃn] n.理解 【例】The problem is
beyond my comprehension.这个问题我无法理解。
supply [səˈplaɪ] n.供给;供应品 v.供给,提供 【例】He
offered me acigarette.I shook my
head.他敬我一支烟,我摇头拒绝了。
deserve [dɪˈzɜːv] vt.应受,值得 【例】The naughty child
deserved the punishment.这个淘气的孩子应该受到惩罚。
battle [ˈbætl] n.战斗;战役 【例】The slaves were willing
to fight a battle for liberty.奴隶们愿意为自由而战。
absolute [ˈæbsəluːt] adj. 完全的,绝对的,纯粹的 【例】The
Prime Minister had absolute control of his
cabinet.首相对他的内阁有绝对的控制权。
smell [smel]
vt.(smelled/smelt,smelled/smelt,smelling)嗅,闻 vi.有臭气
link.v.闻起来 n.气味 【例】This meat isbeginning to
smell.这肉有味儿了。
decline [dɪˈklaɪn] v.下降;衰败;倾斜;谢绝 【例】The
quality of the restaurant’s food declined over the
years.这家饭店饭菜的质量近年来有所下降。
everyone [ˈevriwʌn] pron.每人,人人 【例】Everyone has
duties to protect his/her motherland.保卫祖国,人人有责。
provide [prəˈvaɪd] v.提供
【参】provision(n.提供;供给)
district [ˈdɪstrɪkt] n.区,地区 【例】the district sports
meeting地区运动会
profit [ˈprɒfɪt]
profitable(adj.有利可图的);nonprofit(adj.非营利的)
moment [ˈməʊmənt] n.[C]片刻,瞬间,刹那 【例】There’re
some full-time jobs in our company at the
moment.目前我们公司有一些全职工作。
worthy [ˈwɜːði] adj.值得的;相称的 【例】The place is
worthy of a visit.这地方值得参观。
adapt [əˈdæpt]
adaptable (adj.
能适应的;可修改的) 【例】Many plants and animals have adapted tolife
in the desert.许多动植物已经适应了在沙漠里生存。
shortcoming [ˈʃɔːtkʌmɪŋ] n.[C]缺点,短处 【例】Parents
are aware of their children’s shortcomings very
clearly.父母对自己孩子的缺点很清楚。
【参】disadvantage(n.不利条件;缺点)
plain [pleɪn] adj.平常的,普通的;明白的 n.草原 【例】Bob
likes plain home cooking.鲍勃喜欢吃家常便饭。
【参】plainly(adv.平坦地;明白地)
speed [spiːd]
v.(speeded/sped,speeded/sped,speeding)(使)加速 n.速度
stand [stænd] vi.(stood,stood,standing)站立 vt.承担,忍受
n.站;台 【例】Modern plastics can stand very high and very
lowtemperatures.现代塑胶可以经受极度高温和低温。
must [mʌst] modal v.必须,应当;肯定(表示推测)
aspect [ˈæspekt]
skip [skɪp] vi.(skipped,skipped,skipping)跳过;跳读
【例】A newspaper reader can select what he is interested in and
skipwhat he thinks is
boring.读报人可以选择他感兴趣的部分来阅读而略过他认为无聊的部分。
than [ðæn] conj.比 【例】He could run much faster than I
could.他跑得比我快多了。
shut [ʃʌt] n./vt.(shut,shut,shutting)关闭 adj.关闭的
【例】John shut everybody out of the
kitchen.约翰把所有的人都关在厨房外面。
difficult [ˈdɪfɪkəlt] adj.难的;艰难的;不易相处的 【例】I
find it difficult to learn a foreign language very
well.我觉得学好一门外语很难。
live [lɪv][laɪv] vi.生活,居住 vt.过着,经历
adj.活的;直播的 【例】Although Lucy is26now,she still lives with her
parents.尽管露西已经26岁了,但她还和父母住在一起。
worn [wɔːn] adj.(经使用或穿戴)破烂的,损坏的 【例】The
old pair of worn jeans has been thrown
away.那条破旧的牛仔裤已经被扔掉了。
positive [ˈpɒzətɪv] adj. 明确的;肯定的;积极的;正数的
【例】Try to be positive about your future.试着对你的未来乐观一些。
【参】positively(adv.肯定地)
success [səkˈses] n.成功,成就;成功的人(或事) 【例】The
secret of success is working hard and trying to catch the
opportunity.成功的秘诀是努力工作并试着抓住机会。
serious [ˈsɪəriəs] adj.严肃的,严重的;认真的 【例】As we
all know,a serious man does his job better than acareless
one.众所周知,认真的人比粗心的人工作做得好。
【参】seriously(adv.严肃地,认真地)
damp [dæmp] adj. 潮湿的 n. 潮湿,湿气 vt.
使潮湿;减弱,抑制 【例】It’s so damp and cold outside that it might be
going to rain.外面又湿又冷,可能要下雨了。
more [mɔː] (much/many的比较级)adj.更多的 adv.更
pron.更多的…;另外的… 【例】I need one more stamp before my collection
is completed.我还需要一枚邮票才能完成我的收集。
e-mail [ˈiːmeɪl] n.电子邮件 vt.给…发电子邮件
【例】Nowadays,people usually prefer sending an e-mail to writing
aletter.与写信相比,现在的人们通常更喜欢发电子邮件。
seek [siːk]
v.(sought,sought,seeking)试图;寻找,寻求,探索,追求 【例】He sought
to make peace.他企图讲和。
cash [kæʃ] n.现金,现钞 vt.兑现 【例】He said he was out of
cash.他说他没有现金了。 【参】cashier(n.出纳员)
flight [flaɪt] n.飞行;航班;楼梯的一段 【例】Flight
Number152to Beijing is ready to
leave.飞往北京的152次航班即将起飞。
catch [kætʃ]
vt.(caught,caught,catching)接住;捉住;赶上;染上(疾病)
selfish [ˈselfɪʃ] adj.自私的 【例】Wendy is such a selfish
person that she leaves all the work
toothers.温迪如此自私,竟然把所有的工作都留给了别人。
eastern [ˈiːstən] adj.东方的,东部的 【例】Eastern and
Western Europeans东欧人和西欧人
absorb [əbˈzɔːb] vt.吸收;吸引 【例】I used a sponge to
absorb the spilled milk.我用海绵吸干了溢出来的牛奶。
mine [maɪn] n.矿藏 v.开采,挖掘 pron.我的(名词性物主代词)
【例】A friend of mine sent me a postcard
thismorning.今天早晨,我的一个朋友给我寄来了一张明信片。
【参】miner(n.矿工)
answer [ˈɑːnsə] n.答案 v.回答,应答;接电话
journalist [ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst] n.记者,新闻工作者 【例】Tom was a
journalist of a local TV station.汤姆是当地一家电视台的记者。
multiply [ˈmʌltɪplaɪ]
v.(multiplied,multiplied,multiplying)(使)相乘;增加 【例】Eight
multiplied by one equals eight.8乘以1等于8。
circle [ˈsɜːkl] n.圆圈 v.围起来,环绕 【例】They sat in a
circle round the fire.他们围着炉火坐成一圈。
meet [miːt] v.(met,met,meeting)遇见,会面;满足 n.集会
【例】It is nice to meet you.很高兴见到你。
follow [ˈfɒləʊ] v.跟随;遵循;仿效
【参】following(adj.以下的,接下来的)
gift [ɡɪft] n.赠品;礼物;天赋,才能 【例】Sarah found her
little son had a gift for rock music when hewas just five years
old.萨拉在她的小儿子5岁时发现他在摇滚音乐上有天赋。
forever [fərˈevə] adv.永远地,永恒地 【例】No one can live
forever.没有人能够永生。
victim [ˈvɪktɪm] n.受害人,牺牲品 【例】He was the victim
of a traffic accident.他是一场交通事故的受害者。
therefore [ˈðeəfɔː] adv.因此,所以 【例】The equipment is
complicated and therefore
expensive.这种仪器结构复杂,因此价格昂贵。
spare [speə] adj.空闲的;多余的,剩余的
vt.提供;匀出,分出
blame [bleɪm] n./vt.责备,责怪 【例】The British diet could
be partially to blame for the increase in back pain.
英式饮食应为背部疼痛的加重承担部分责任。
private [ˈpraɪvət] adj.私人的;私营的;秘密的
【参】privately(adv.私下地);privacy(n.隐私)
weigh [weɪ] v.称量;重 【例】The fish weighs 12
kilos.这条鱼重12千克。
hunt [hʌnt] v./n.寻找;狩猎,猎取 【例】The police are
hunting down the escaped convict.警察正在追捕逃犯。
【参】hunter(n.猎人);hunting(n.打猎;搜寻)
refer [rɪˈfɜː]
v.(referred,referred,referring)谈到,提到,参考,查阅,查询,引用,提交,上呈
【例】 In his speech, Martin referred to education reform several times.
马丁在他的演讲中几次提到教育改革的问题。
drawer [drɔː] n.抽屉
tax [tæks] n.税,税款 【例】Tax is used for supporting the
institution which suppliesservices to tax
payers.税收用来给为纳税人提供服务的机构提供资金。
hang [hæŋ]
v.(hung/hanged,hung/hanged,hanging)悬挂,吊着;装饰;绞死 【例】There
was a big mirror hanging on the wall.墙上挂着一面大镜子。
similar [ˈsɪmələ] adj.相似的,像
【参】similarly(adv.类似地);similarity(n.类似,类似处)
engine [ˈendʒɪn] n.发动机,引擎
breathe [briːð] v.呼吸
【参】breathless(adj.呼吸急促的,喘不过气来的;令人窒息的)
behalf [bɪˈhɑːf] n.利益;代表 【例】He made an impassioned
speech on behalf of his country.
他代表他的国家发表了热情洋溢的演说。
old [əʊld] adj.老的;旧的 【例】the old
people老年人
cut [kʌt] v.切,剪,削,割;删节 n.伤口 【例】Mary cut each
child a piece of cake.玛丽给每个孩子切了一块蛋糕。
combine [kəmˈbaɪn] v.(使)联合,(使)结合
【参】combination (n. 结合)
final [ˈfaɪnl] adj.最后的 n.决赛;期末考试
【参】finally(adv.终于;最后)
when [wen] conj.什么时候;当…的时候 adv.在那时
nervous [ˈnɜːvəs] adj.紧张不安的,神经质的 【例】The shy
boy was nervous when talking with
strangers.那个害羞的小男孩与陌生人说话时会紧张。
narrow [ˈnærəʊ] adj.狭窄的 【例】The street is too narrow
to run so many cars.这条街太窄了,容不了这么多车。
【参】narrowly(adv.狭窄地)
hurt [hɜːt] v.(hurt,hurt,hurting)伤害 【例】You hurt my
feelings.你伤了我的感情。
direction [dəˈrekʃn]
exit [ˈeksɪt] n.出口 【例】Students headed for the nearest
exit.学生们奔向最近的出口。
draw [drɔː]
v.(drew,drawn,drawing)绘画;拉,吸引;提取(金钱)
【参】drawing(n.图画,素描;绘画)
personal [ˈpɜːsənl] adj.
个人的,私人的;亲自的,本人的;身体的,人身的 【例】I have something
personal to discuss with you.我有点私事要和你商量。
【参】impersonal(adj.非个人的;缺乏人情味的);personality(n.个性;人物)personalize
(vt. 使人性化,个人化);personally (adv.
个人地)
link [lɪŋk] v.连接,联合 n.链环,链接 【例】Many people
link the number 13 with bad luck in
West.在西方,许多人把13和霉运联系在一起。
proud [praʊd] adj.自豪的,骄傲的
【参】proudly(adv.骄傲地)
spoon [spuːn] n.勺,匙,调羹 【例】The cook is removing the
onion from the oil with a
spoon.厨师正在用勺把油里的洋葱捞出来。
actual [ˈæktʃuəl] adj.实际的,现实的 【例】in actual
life在现实生活中
check [tʃek] v.核对;检查;批改 n.检查;批改
【参】checker (n. 检验员,审查员);check-in
(n. 登记;登记处);check-out
(n. 办理退房);check-up
(n. 身体检查);checklist
(n. 清单);checked (adj. 有格子图案的) 【例】Only when
your identity has been checked,will you be
allowedin.只有核实身份后你才可以进入。
please [pliːz] int.请 v.使人高兴,令人满意
【参】pleasing(adj.令人高兴的)
without [wɪˈðaʊt] prep.没有,不 【例】How long can you work
without sleeping?你不睡觉能连续工作多久?
abroad [əˈbrɔːd] adv.到国外;在国外 【例】Emily usually
travels abroad insummer.埃米莉常在夏天出国旅行。
against [əˈɡenst] prep.对着;反对 【例】The existence of
this company is against the law,because it hasnot
registered.这家公司的存在是违法的,因为它没有注册。
major [ˈmeɪdʒə] adj. 主要的;主修的 n. 专业(学生) vi.
主修,专攻 【例】The waste produced by major industries is harmful to
bothnature and human
life.重点工业产生的废物对自然界和人类的生活都有危害。
【参】minor(adj.次要的n.辅修专业;未成年人)
glad [ɡlæd] adj.高兴的,乐意的
【参】gladly(adv.高兴地;乐意地)
neighbourhood [ˈneɪbəhʊd]
(美neighborhood)n.四邻,邻近地区 【例】Tim and Jane live
in the same neighbourhood.蒂姆和简住得很近。
enjoyable [ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl] adj.愉快的;有趣的 【例】I find
hunting is more enjoyable than fishing at the
weekends.我觉得周末打猎比钓鱼更令人愉快。
symbol [ˈsɪmbl] n.符号,象征 【参】 symbolic
(adj. 象征的;符号的) 【例】The lion is a symbol of courage and
power.狮子是勇气和力量的象征。
line [laɪn] n.直线;排 v.画线于,(使)成行 【例】We waited
in line for an hour to buy
tickets.我们为了买票排了一个小时的队。
terrible [ˈterəbl] adj.可怕的;糟糕的 【例】That terrible
experience left a deep wound in the little
girl’sheart.那次可怕的经历在小女孩的心中留下了深深的创伤。
term [tɜːm] n.学期;术语;条款;项 【例】This term,many
students in our class take on part-time jobs inthat
company.这学期,我们班上有很多同学在那家公司做兼职。
devote [dɪˈvəʊt] vt.奉献;致力;专心;将…奉献给;致力(于)
【参】devoted(adj.忠诚的;全心全意的)devotion(n. 奉献;忠诚)
passage [ˈpæsɪdʒ] n.(文章等的)一节;走廊;通道 【例】This
is the only passage to cross the river.这是过河的唯一通道。
accurate [ˈækjərət] adj.正确的,准确的 【例】Your
statements about the cost of the house were not
accurate.你对这栋房子价格方面的说明不够准确。
【参】inaccurate(adj.不正确的);accuracy(n.准确性)
chart [tʃɑːt]
event [Iˈvent] n.事件,大事;竞赛 【例】characters,places
and events of stories故事的人物、地点和事件
guard [ɡɑːd] v.保卫,看守 n.防护装置;警戒 【例】They used
poisonous snakes to guard the exhibition objects.他们用毒蛇看守展品。
【参】guardian(n.护卫,保护人);unguarded(adj.没有设防的)
urge [ɜːdʒ] vt.催促,力劝 【例】He urged her to go to
bedearly.他催促她早点睡觉。
would [wʊd] modal v.将;愿;会
aux.v.(will的过去式)
aim [eɪm] n.目的 v.计划;瞄准;针对
pause [pɔːz] n./vi.暂停,停止 【例】The careful spy paused
at the door and looked back before hewent into the
room.那个谨慎的间谍在进屋之前先停在门口向身后看了一下。
cancel [ˈkænsl]
play [pleɪ] v.玩;打(球);播放 n.玩耍;戏剧
【参】player(n.选手;表演者);playful(adj.好玩的,有趣的)
bury [ˈberi] vt.(buried,buried,burying)埋,葬 【例】He
buried himself inreading.他埋头苦读。
tendency [ˈtendənsi] n.[C]倾向,趋势 【例】It’s said that
the mass media now has a tendency to focus onpersonal
privacy.据说,现在的大众媒体倾向于关注个人隐私。
hesitate [ˈhezɪteɪt] v.犹豫,踌躇
【参】hesitation(n. 犹豫,踌躇) 【例】Don’t hesitate to
tell me whatyou want.想要什么尽管说。
switch [swɪtʃ] v./n.更换,转换 【例】They switched
seats.他们交换了座位。
often [ˈɒftən] adv.经常地 【例】How often do you go to the
library?你多久去一次图书馆?
average [ˈævərɪdʒ] adj.平均的;普通的 n.平均数 【例】The
companies spend,on average,70percentof the total cost of the product on
packaging.那些企业平均花费产品总成本的70%用于包装。
understand [ˌʌndəˈstænd]
v.(understood,understood,understanding)懂得,理解 【例】Do you
understand Spain?你懂西班牙语吗?
【参】understanding(n.谅解,理解)
weak [wiːk] adj.虚弱的;差的 【例】With nothing left to
burn,the fire became weak and finally
diedout.什么烧的都没有了,火势越来越弱,最后熄灭了。
【参】weakly(adv.虚弱地;差地);weakness(n.弱点)
export [ɪkˈspɔːt][ˈekspɔːt] vt.输出 vi.出口 n.出口(物)
【例】This country exports automobiles to the United
States.该国向美国出口汽车。
candidate [ˈkændɪdət] n.候选人 【例】The reporter asked the
candidate some tough
questions.记者问了那位候选人一些棘手的问题。
devotion [dɪˈvəʊʃn] n.奉献,奉献精神 【例】Mother’s great
devotion to her son left her with little free
time.母亲对儿子巨大的奉献使她没有一点空闲时间。
upon [əˈpɒn] prep.在…上面 【例】The village standsupon a
hill.村庄坐落在一座小山上。
central [ˈsentrəl] adj.中心的,中央的;主要的
【参】centre(n.中心) 【例】the central
government中央政府
walk [wɔːk] n.散步 v.走路,步行 【例】She walks to school
every day.她每天走路去上学。
intend [ɪnˈtend] v.想要,打算 【例】I didn’tintend to stay
outside for long.我不打算在外面待太久。
【参】intended(adj.有意的;预期的)
unintended (adj. 无意的;没有计划的)
social [ˈsəʊʃl] adj.社会的;社交的;群居的 【例】Correct
ideas come from social practice.正确的思想来自社会实践。
【参】society(n.社会)
regard [rɪˈɡɑːd] v.当作,看待 n.关心,注意;致意 【例】I’ve
nothing to say with regard to your
complaints.对于你的投诉,我无话可说。
attach [əˈtætʃ]
pale [peɪl] adj.苍白的,灰白的 【例】On hearing the news of
the accident in the coal mine,she
wentpale.一听到煤矿出事的消息,她脸色变得苍白。
who [huː] pron.谁 【例】You are the only person here who
knows me.你是这儿唯一认识我的人。
opinion [əˈpɪnjən] n.看法,见解 【例】Opinions are divided
on the question.人们对这个问题看法不一。
comfortable [ˈkʌmftəbl] adj.舒服的;安逸的;舒服自在的
【例】Many people like driving cars because they are fast
andcomfortable.许多人喜欢开车,因为汽车又快又舒适。
handy [ˈhændi] adj.便利的;手边的;附近的 【例】It is handy
to do one’s shopping by subway in big
cities.在大城市,乘地铁去购物很方便。
otherwise [ˈʌðəwaɪz] adv.
否则,不然;用别的方法;在其他方面 【例】You’d better finish your
homework now,otherwise you’ll getinto
trouble.你最好现在就完成作业,不然会有麻烦的。
add [æd] v.添加,增加 【例】Please add up all the moneyI
should pay.请把我要付的钱全加起来。
construction [kənˈstrʌkʃn] n.建造,建设;建筑物 【例】the
construction industry建筑业
virus [ˈvaɪrəs] n.病毒 【例】We should be watchful of
computer viruses.我们应当警惕计算机病毒。
appear [əˈpɪə] vi.出现;看来,似乎 v.
出现,显露,公开露面;出场,问世;仿佛,似乎 【例】The sun appeared on
the horizon at five o’clock this
morning.今天清晨5点,太阳出现在地平线上。
dislike [dɪsˈlaɪk] n./vt.不喜欢,嫌恶 【例】He dislikes the
books in the shop.他不喜欢书店里的书。
anxiety [æŋˈzaɪəti] n.忧虑;焦急 【例】Mary’s anxieties
prevented her from starting a new
job.玛丽焦虑不安,这使她无法开始新的工作。
lightning [ˈlaɪtnɪŋ] n.闪电
cheerful [ˈtʃɪəfl] adj.兴高采烈的,快活的 【例】The whole
family are cheerful when hearing the piece of
goodnews.听到这条好消息时,全家人都很高兴。
international [ˌɪntəˈnæʃnəl] adj.国际的 【例】Professor Lee
will attend an international meeting next
week.李教授下周将参加一个国际会议。
indicate [ˈɪndɪkeɪt] vt.表明,显示;指出,象征,暗示
【例】These figures indicate that our sales are
increasing.这些数字表明我们的销售额在增加。
support [səˈpɔːt] vt./n.支持,赞助;赡养 【例】The
revolution won a nationwide support.这次革命运动赢得了全国范围内的支持。
【参】supporter(n.支持者;拥护者);supportive(adj.支持的)
even [ˈiːvn] adv.甚至,更加,还要 adj.平坦的 【例】Even
morepeople now watch the show.现在看这个节目的人更多了。
【参】uneven(adj.不平坦的)
impossible [ɪmˈpɒsəbl] adj.不可能的,办不到的 【例】It is
impossible for Peter to win the first place this
time.这次彼得不可能获得第一名了。
【参】possible(adj.可能的)
dignity [ˈdɪɡnəti] n.尊严;高贵 【例】The black robes of
judges show their dignity.法官的黑色长袍显示出他们的威严。
escape [ɪˈskeɪp] v./n.逃跑,逃脱;避开 【例】Three
prisoners escaped.有三个囚犯逃跑了。
reason [ˈriːzn] n.理由,原因 v.说服,劝说 【例】The reason
why she was ill was that she had drunk cold
water.她是因为喝了凉水才生病的。
【参】reasoning(n.推理)
message [ˈmesɪdʒ] n.消息,留言;要旨 【例】What is the
message of this story?这篇故事的主旨是什么?
【参】messenger(n.报信者,使者)
also [ˈɔːlsəʊ] adv.也
suit [suːt] vt.适合 n.一套(衣服) 【例】How about eight
o’clock outside the cinema? That suits me fine. 八点在电影院外见怎么样?
这对我来说挺合适。
foggy [ˈfɒɡi] adj.有雾的,多雾的 【例】London was once
famous as the foggy capital in the
world.伦敦曾以雾都之名闻名于世。
collect [kəˈlekt]
collection(n.收藏品,收集物)collective
(adj. 共同的;集体的) 【例】I used to collect stamps when I was a
kid.小时候我曾经集过邮。
future [ˈfjuːtʃə] n.将来 【例】Will humans liveon the moon
in the future?人类将来会在月球上居住吗?
joke [dʒəʊk] n.笑话 【例】Susan ended her speech with a
funny joke.苏珊用一个有趣的笑话结束了她的演讲。
violent [ˈvaɪələnt] adj. 暴力的;带有强烈感情的;猛烈的
【例】a violent attack猛烈的进攻
handle [ˈhændl] vt.处理 n.柄,把手 【例】I was impressed by
her handling of the affair.我觉得她对此事的处理很不错。
advice [ədˈvaɪs]
professor [prəˈfesə] n.教授 【例】university
professors大学教授
comfort [ˈkʌmfət] v.安慰,(使痛苦)缓和 n.安慰,慰问
【例】I tried my best to comfort Tom after his mother’s
death.汤姆的母亲去世后我尽力安慰他。
enough [ɪˈnʌf] n./adj./adv.足够(的/地);充足(的/地)
【例】I think I have said enough.我想我已经说得够多了。
fair [feə] adj. 公平的;合理的 adv. 公正地;公平合理地
n. 商品交易会;展销会 【例】It’s not fair.这不公平。
【参】unfair(adj.不公平的)
sweep [swiːp] vt.(swept,swept,sweeping)扫除,打扫 【例】I
just swept the floor.Don’t drop
crumbs!我刚扫完地,不要把面包屑掉到地上!
length [leŋθ] n.长,长度 【例】At length we arrived at
ourdestination.我们终于到达了目的地。
shake [ʃeɪk] vt.(shook,shaken,shaking)使摇动;震动
【例】shake the head摇头
reservation [ˌrezəˈveɪʃn]
approximately [əˈprɒksɪmətli] adv.近似地,大约
【参】proximity [prɒkˈsɪməti](n. 接近,邻近;亲近)
【例】Approximately how long does it take to go to the
city?去城里大约要多久?
hope [həʊp] n./v.希望
introduce [ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs] vt.
介绍;传入,引进;提出;采用,推行
【参】introduction(n.引进,介绍) 【例】This is the new
technology we introduced last
month.这就是我们上个月引进的新技术。
guide [ɡaɪd] n.向导,导游 v.指导;指引 【例】The new
manager guided the whole company through thefinancial
crisis.新经理带领整个公司渡过了金融危机。
【参】guidance(n.指导,领导)
near [nɪə] prep.在…附近,靠近 adj.近的 adv.附近,邻近
【例】The missing boys were last seen playing near the
river.人们最后一次看见那些走失的男孩们时,他们在河边玩耍。
something [ˈsʌmθɪŋ] pron.某事;某物 【例】Would you like
something to drink?你想喝点儿什么吗?
lose [luːz] vt.(lost,lost,losing)失去,丢失 【例】lose
weight减肥
charge [tʃɑːdʒ] v.收费;指控;索价;充电 n.费用,价钱
【参】overcharge(v.要价过高)
all [ɔːl] adj./pron./adv.(三者以上)全部
during [ˈdjʊərɪŋ] prep.在…期间,在…过程中 【例】What did
the man do during these weeks?那个人在这几星期里都做了什么?
range [reɪndʒ]
ranger(n. 护林员) 【例】That subject is outside my
range.这个课题超出了我的研究范围。
foreign [ˈfɒrən] adj.外国的 【例】a foreign
language一门外语
front [frʌnt] adj.前面的;前部的 n.前面;前部;前线
【例】There is a big apple tree in front of my grandpa’s
house.我爷爷家门前有棵大苹果树。
【参】frontier(n.国境,边界)
hire [ˈhaɪə] v./n. 租用;雇用 【例】They hired a bathing
machine.他们租用了一辆游泳更衣车。
spread [spred]
n./v.(spread,spread,spreading)延伸,展开;传播 【例】The spread of the
deserts affects many countries.荒漠的扩大影响到众多国家。
tired [ˈtaɪəd] adj.疲劳的,累的;厌烦的 【例】Carnegie is
sick and tired of all the
arguments.卡耐基病了,他对所有的争论都很厌烦。
own [əʊn] adj.自己的 vt.拥有 【例】I thought if I owned a
restaurant I could eat there for
free.我想如果自己有家餐馆,那就可以免费吃喝了。
【参】owner(n.所有者;主人);ownership(n.所有权)
smile [smaɪl] n./v.微笑 【例】A sweet smile will bring
happiness to the giver and
peoplearound.甜美的微笑会给微笑者及其周围的人带来快乐。
prize [praɪz] n.奖赏,奖品,奖金 【例】He was awarded the
Nobel Peace Prize.他被授予诺贝尔和平奖。
outer [ˈaʊtə] adj.外部的 【例】outer space外太空
appearance [əˈpɪərəns] n.出现,露面;容貌,外表 【例】With
the appearance of the president,everyone
rose.总统出现了,人们全体起立。
look [lʊk] n.[C]看,瞧 vi.看,瞧;看起来;注意
【例】Harry looked around to make sure he was not followed
bystrangers.哈里四处张望以确保没有陌生人跟踪他。
one [wʌn] num./pron.一个(人或物);任何人(泛指)
【例】We’ve been looking for houses but haven’t foundone we like
yet.我们一直在看房子,但是还没有找到一个喜欢的。
【参】oneself(pron.亲自,自己)
predict [prɪˈdɪkt] v.预言;预报 【例】Eric in his book
predicts a future world with sufficient
material.埃里克在自己的书中预言了一个物质充足的未来世界。
【参】predictable(adj.可预言的);unpredictable(adj.不可预知的)
fit [fɪt] v.(fit/fitted,fit/fitted,fitting)(使)适合
adj.适合的;健康的
that [ðæt] adj./pron.那,那个 conj.(引导从句,无词义)
adv.那么,那样 【例】I can prove thatshe did
it.我能证明是她干的。
function [ˈfʌŋkʃn] n.功能,作用,职责;函数
vi.起作用;行使职责 【例】The function of the heart is to pump blood
around the body.心脏的功能就是把血液输往全身。
reward [rɪˈwɔːd]
rewarding(adj.值得做的;有益的)
condition [kənˈdɪʃn]
conditional(adj.有条件的,受制约的)
let [let] vt.(let,let,letting)让
mark [mɑːk] n.标记;分数 v.做记号,标记 【例】For some
people,automobile is a mark of social
position.对于一些人来说,汽车是社会地位的标志。
clerk [klɑːk] n.书记员;办事员;职员 【例】a bank
clerk银行职员
quarrel [ˈkwɒrəl] n./vi.争吵,吵架 【例】We had a quarrel
about money.我们为钱吵了起来。
【参】quarrelsome(adj.喜欢吵架的)
single [ˈsɪŋɡl] adj.单一的,单个的 【例】single
parent单亲
peace [piːs] n.和平;安宁 【例】People all over the world
hope to live in peace and
harmony.全世界的人民都希望生活安宁和谐。
silent [ˈsaɪlənt] adj.无声的,沉默的 【例】As night
fell,the country became a silent
place.夜深了,乡村变成了一个安静的地方。
【参】silently(adv.默默地)
corrupt [kəˈrʌpt] adj.腐败的,贪污的;堕落的
v.腐烂,腐败;堕落 【例】Greed corrupted the
mayor.贪婪使这位市长走向腐败。
while [waɪl] conj.正当…的时候;然而
n.一小会儿,一段时间
atmosphere [ˈætməsfɪə] n.气氛;大气 【例】We live in an
atmosphere of freedom.我们生活在自由的氛围中。
furniture [ˈfɜːnɪtʃə] n.〈总称〉家具 【例】a piece of
furniture一件家具
menu [ˈmenjuː] n.菜单 【例】The restaurant changed its menu
to attract more customers.这家餐厅更换了菜单以吸引更多的顾客。
electricity [ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti] n.电;电流 【例】produce/make
electricity发电
note [nəʊt] n.便条,笔记,注释 vt.记录,注意 【例】He noted
that the room was very clean.他注意到屋子很干净。
consist [kənˈsɪst]
consistency
(n. 一致性,连贯性);consistent (adj.
一致的;相符的);consistently (adv. 始终如一地)
【例】The final examination report consisted often
lines.期末考试报告有10行文字。
drop [drɒp] v.(dropped,dropped,dropping)掉下,落下
n.滴;下降 【例】A few drops of rain landed on the
roof.几滴雨落在了屋顶上。
spoken [ˈspəʊkən] adj.口语的 【例】English majors have to
try their best to improve their
spokenEnglish.英语专业的学生必须尽力提高英语口语水平。
cover [ˈkʌvə] n.盖子;罩;封面 vt.覆盖;掩盖;包括;报道
【例】The little girl tried to cover up her nervousness in front of
herclassmates.小女孩设法在同学们面前掩饰自己紧张的心情。
【参】coverage(n.覆盖,遮盖)
with [wɪð] prep.与,伴随;有,以
clone [kləʊn] n./v.克隆,无性繁殖 【例】clone
technology克隆技术
sing [sɪŋ] v.唱,唱歌 【例】Avril is dancing and singing on
the stage at present.现在艾薇儿正在舞台上边跳边唱。
friendly [ˈfrendli] adj.友好的 【例】He’s not quite
friendly to us.他对我们不是特别友好。
【参】friendship(n.友谊,友情)
skate [skeɪt] vi.溜冰,滑冰 【例】Lizzy was able to go
skating on the lake.莉齐能在湖上滑冰了。
freezing [ˈfriːzɪŋ] adj.冻结的;极冷的 【例】The weather
forecast said the temperature would drop tofreezing point
tomorrow.天气预报称,明天的气温将降到零度以下。
sail [seɪl] v.航行,开航 n.帆;航行 【例】Months ago,we
sailed ten thousand miles across the
Pacific.几个月前我们跨越太平洋航行了一万英里。
agree [əˈɡriː] v.同意;应允
【参】agreement(n.同意;协议);disagreement(n.意见不一致;争论)
case [keɪs] n.情况;病例;案件;容器
【参】showcase(n.陈列窗);suitcase(n.手提箱,衣箱);staircase(n.楼梯)
why [waɪ] adv./conj.为什么
int.(表示吃惊或不满意)哎呀;什么
patient [ˈpeɪʃnt] n.病人 adj.耐心的 【例】The patient kept
coughing all night.那个病人咳嗽了一整夜。
【参】patiently(adv.有耐心地);impatient(adj.没有耐心的);impatiently(adv.无耐心地);patience(n.容忍;耐心)
nation [ˈneɪʃn] n.民族;国家 【例】industrialized
nations工业国
【参】national(adj.国家的,全国性的)
bath [bɑːθ] n.[C]洗澡;浴室;澡盆 【例】Paul is going to
take a bath because it’s so hot in the
room.保罗打算洗个澡,因为屋里太热了。
favour [ˈfeɪvə] (美favor)n. 帮忙;偏爱;赞同;恩惠 vt.
赞同;较喜欢,偏袒;有利于
【参】favourable(adj.赞成的;有利的)
lap [læp] n.大腿;(跑道的)一圈 【例】Mother holds the
baby on her lap.母亲将婴儿抱在膝上。
trap [træp]
magic [ˈmædʒɪk]
magical(adj.魔术的;不可思议的);magician(n.魔术师)
unique [juˈniːk] adj.
唯一的,独一无二的;极不寻常的,极好的 【例】Mona Lisa is a unique work
of art.《蒙娜·丽莎》是件独一无二的艺术品。
main [meɪn] adj.主要的
【参】mainly(adv.主要地)
adore [əˈdɔː] vt.爱慕,崇拜 【例】Grandpa adored Grandma
when they first met.初次相遇时,爷爷就喜欢上了奶奶。
choose [tʃuːz] vt.(chose,chosen,choosing)选择;决定
【例】He chose to play basketball.他决定打篮球。
awake [əˈweɪk] v.(awoke,awoken,awaking)唤醒 adj.醒着的
【例】Smoking before bedtime keepsyou
awake.睡前抽烟会让你睡不着。
brand [brænd]
due [djuː] adj.预期的;约定的 【例】It was the night before
the composition was due.过了那晚就要交作文了。
measure [ˈmeʒə] v.测量;权衡 n.方法,措施 【例】This
building measures roughly200square meters.这座建筑大约占地200平方米。
【参】measurement(n.测量)
touch [tʌtʃ] v.触摸,接触 n.接触;联系 vt.感动 【例】I
touched his shoulder,but there was no
reaction.我碰了碰他的肩膀,但他没反应。
【参】touched(adj.感动的);untouched(adj.未触及的,不受感动的)
since [sɪns] conj.从…以来;由于 prep./adv.从…以来
win [wɪn] v.(won,won,winning)赢得,获胜
【参】winner(n.获胜者)
transport [ˈtrænspɔːt] n.运输;传送器
[trænˈspɔːt] vt.运输,传送 【例】public
transport公共交通工具
【参】transportation(n.交通,运输)
explode [ɪkˈspləʊd] v.(使)爆炸;爆发 【例】A bomb
exploded in the street on
Sunday.星期日那天,一枚炸弹在街上爆炸了。
remote [rɪˈməʊt] adj.遥远的;偏僻的 【例】The villa of the
millionaire is very remote from the noisy
city.那个百万富翁的别墅与喧嚣的都市离得很远。
【参】remotely(adv.遥远地)
peaceful [ˈpiːsfl] adj.和平的,安宁的 【例】All human
beings long for a peaceful world.所有人都渴望一个和平的世界。
【参】peacefully(adv.和平地;安宁地);peacefulness(n.和平)
close [kləʊs][kləʊz] adj.近的;亲密的 adv.近,靠近
v.关,关闭 【例】I live close to the shop.我住得离商店很近。
perhaps [pəˈhæps] adv.可能,或许 【例】Perhaps the weather
will change this evening.傍晚可能要变天。
solid [ˈsɒlɪd] adj.结实的,固体的 n.固体 【例】The moving
car bumped against a solid object.行驶中的轿车碰到了一个坚硬的东西。
【参】solidity(n.坚固)
energetic [ˌenəˈdʒetɪk] adj. 有力的,精力旺盛的;积极的
【参】energetically(adv.精力充沛地;积极地)energy
(n. 精神,活力) 【例】I felt energetic.我感到精力充沛。
folk [fəʊk] adj.民间的 【例】folk music民间音乐
break [breɪk] v.(broke,broken,breaking)打破,弄坏;撕开
n.间歇;休息
nobody [ˈnəʊbədi] pron.没有人,谁也不 n.小人物
passport [ˈpɑːspɔːt] n.护照 【例】Passport
Control出境关卡
important [ɪmˈpɔːtnt] adj.重要的 【例】It’s very important
for people to drink a lot of water every day.人们每天多喝水很重要。
【参】importance(n.重要性)
medical [ˈmedɪkl] adj. 医学的,医疗的;内科的 【例】medical
services医疗服务
addition [əˈdɪʃn] n.增加;加法
admit [ədˈmɪt]
v.(admitted,admitted,admitting)承认;准许(入场、入学等) 【例】More
middle school graduates will be admitted into
universities.将有更多的中学毕业生进入大学。
discount [ˈdɪskaʊnt]
reflect [rɪˈflekt] vt.反射,反映 【例】Her work reflects
her intelligence.她的工作反映出了她的聪明才智。
【参】reflection(n.反射;反映)
concentrate [ˈkɒnsntreɪt]
concentration (n. 集中,聚集) 【例】The Ancient
Greeks used lenses or concave mirrors to concentrate the sun’s rays.
古希腊人利用透镜或凹面镜来聚集太阳光。
help [help] n./v.帮助,帮忙;有帮助,有用
【参】helpful(adj.有帮助的,有益的);helpless(adj.无助的;不能自立的)
choice [tʃɔɪs] n.选择,抉择
research [rɪˈsɜːtʃ][ˈriːsɜːtʃ] v.n.研究,调查 【例】a
research on space关于太空的研究
【参】researcher(n.研究者)
technical [ˈteknɪkl] adj.技术的,工艺的 【例】Free
technical support was only offered to those people whohad bought our
software.免费的技术支持只提供给那些已经买了我们公司软件的客户。
number [ˈnʌmbə] n.数字,号码;数量 【例】What is your phone
number?你的电话号码是多少?
aware [əˈweə] adj.知道的,意识到的 【参】
unaware (adj.
不知道的,未意识到的);awareness (n. 知道;意识)
【例】You should be aware that peoplejudge you by your table
manners.你应该意识到人们会根据你在席间的举止来评价你。
square [skweə] n.广场;正方形 adj.平方的;方形的 【例】The
floor of this house was tiled in squares of white marble bythe host
himself.主人亲自将这栋房子的地面铺上了一块块方形白色大理石。
legal [ˈliːɡl] adj.法律的,法定的;合法的 【例】He is the
only legal heir of the rich man.他是这位富翁的唯一法定继承人。
arise [əˈraɪz] vi.(arose,arisen,arising)起来,升起;出现
【例】When the actors appeared,the audience arose and
applauded.当演员出现时,观众起身鼓掌。
sharpen [ˈʃɑːpən]
crossroads [ˈkrɒsrəʊdz] n.十字路口 【例】Please turn left
at the next crossroads.请在下一个路口向左转。
arm [ɑːm] n.手臂;支架;武器 v.以…装备,武装起来 【例】He
held her in his arms.他把她抱在怀里。
flat [flæt] adj.平的 n.一套房间;公寓 【例】The earth is
round,not flat.地球是圆的,不是平的。
print [prɪnt] v.印刷;打印;冲洗(照片) 【例】The
dictionary is being printed and it will soon come
out.词典正在印刷过程中,很快就可以印好。
【参】printer(n.印刷工人;打印机)
natural [ˈnætʃrəl] adj.自然的,天然的;天生的 【例】The
island is rich in natural resources,such as coal,oil and
gas.这个岛有着丰富的自然资源,比如煤、石油和天然气。
【参】naturally(adv.自然地)
mercy [ˈmɜːsi] n.怜悯 【例】They will show no mercy to you
if you are caught.如果你被抓了,他们绝不会手下留情。
【参】merciful(adj.仁慈的;宽大的)
each [iːtʃ] adj./pron.每人,每个,每件 【例】Give an apple
to each child.给每个孩子一个苹果。
housework [ˈhaʊswɜːk] n.家务劳动 【例】You have
only12minutes to do the housework.你仅有12分钟来做家务。
zip [zɪp] v.拉开拉链,拉上拉链 n.拉链 【例】a zip
bag带拉链的包
insurance [ɪnˈʃʊərəns] n.保险 【例】The government’s new
policy will have a deep impact on theinsurance
companies.政府的新政策将对保险公司产生深远的影响。
sit [sɪt] vi.坐 【例】In the English class,students sat
quietly and listened
carefully.英语课上,学生们安静地坐着,认真听讲。
lay [leɪ] v.(laid,laid,laying)放,搁;产(卵) 【例】The
black hen lays an egg every day.那只黑母鸡每天下一枚蛋。
ancient [ˈeɪnʃənt] adj.古代的,古老的 【参】
antique (adj. 古老的)modern (adj. 现代的)
【例】an ancient city古城
exam [ɪɡˈzæm] (=examination)n.考试,测试;检查
【参】reexamination(n.复试)
sharp [ʃɑːp] adj.锋利的;尖锐的;敏锐的;整点的
【例】sharp-eyed people目光敏锐的人
chainstore(s)
anybody [ˈenibɒdi] pron.任何人,无论谁 【例】I haven’t seen
anybody.我什么人也没看见。
few [fjuː] adj.不多的,少数的 pron.不多,少数
favourite [ˈfeɪvərɪt] (美favorite)adj.特别喜爱的
n.特别喜爱的人(或物) 【例】Oranges are my favourite
fruit.橘子是我最喜爱的水果。
false [fɔːls] adj.假的;不正确的 【例】False friends are
more dangerous than open enemies.虚情假意的朋友比公开的敌人更危险。
【参】true(adj.正确的,真的)
say [seɪ] v.(said,said,saying)说,讲
anxious [ˈæŋkʃəs] adj.忧虑的;焦急的 adj. 渴望的;忧虑的
【参】anxiously(adv.忧虑地);eager(adj.热切的,渴望的)
pollution [pəˈluːʃn] n.污染 【例】The government must take
measures to control water
pollution.政府必须采取措施控制水污染。
bring [brɪŋ]
vt.(brought,brought,bringing)拿来,带来,取来
brake [breɪk] n.闸 v.刹车 【例】a hand brake手闸
after [ˈɑːftə] prep./conj./adv.在…之后,后来 【例】After
you,sir!先生,请您先走!
labour [ˈleɪbə] (美labor)n.劳动,劳动力 【例】Building a
house requires a lot of labour.盖一栋房子需要大量的劳动力。
urgent [ˈɜːdʒənt] adj. 紧急的,紧迫的;催促的,急切的
【参】urgently (adv. 紧急地) 【例】I must post this
letter now;it’s urgent.这封信很急,我必须现在就要寄出去。
love [lʌv] n.爱;热爱;爱情;爱好 vt.爱,热爱;很喜欢
【例】The handsome prince fell in love with the country girl at thefirst
sight.英俊的王子对那个乡村女孩一见钟情。
carry [ˈkæri]
outward(s) [ˈaʊtwəd(z)] adv.向外,在外 adj.
外面的;外表的,表面的;向外的;外出的 【例】The door opens
outwards.这扇门是向外开的。
wonder [ˈwʌndə]
vacation [veɪˈkeɪʃn] n.假期,休假 【例】In the following
summer vacation,Charlie will have time tolearn
swimming.这个暑假,查理将有时间学游泳。
tear [teə][tɪə] v.(tore,torn,tearing)扯破,撕开 n.眼泪
【例】burst into tears突然大哭起来
mad [mæd] adj.发疯的;生气的 【例】If your parents get
mad,you could try to have a conversationwith them about
it.如果你父母生气了,可以试着通过交谈来解决。
【参】madness(n.疯狂)
belief [bɪˈliːf] n.[C]信条,信念,信仰;[U]信任,相信
【例】Bob stuck to his belief no matter what diffi-culties he
met.鲍勃不管遇到什么困难都坚持自己的信念。
horrible [ˈhɒrəbl] adj.令人恐惧的,恐怖的 【例】What’s that
horrible smell?什么东西这么难闻?
fold [fəʊld] v.折叠;合拢;包围 n. 皱;折
【参】unfold(vt.打开,展开) 【例】He decided to fold up
Phoebe’s massage table. 他决定把菲比的按摩桌折叠起来。
panic [ˈpænɪk]
v.(panicked,panicked,panicking)(使)惊恐,恐慌 n.惊慌,恐慌 【例】No
one panicked.没有人惊慌失措。
loss [lɒs] n.丧失;损耗 【例】The loss of his son made the
old man feel deeply sad.失去了儿子使老人陷入深深的痛苦之中。
command [kəˈmɑːnd] n./v.命令
examine [ɪɡˈzæmɪn] vt. 检查;调查,研究;测验
【参】examiner
(n. 检查员;考官);examination (n. 考试;检查)
【例】examine the audio system检查音响系统
amazing [əˈmeɪzɪŋ] adj.令人惊异的 【例】The little Tom saw
some amazing African animals at the zoolast
week.小汤姆上周在动物园里看到一些令人惊叹的非洲动物。
full [fʊl] adj.满的,充满的;完全的 adv.完整地;十分地
【参】fully(adv.充分地,完全地)
eastward(s) [ˈiːstwəd(z)] adv.向东 【例】We traveled
eastwards for several days.我们向东走了几天。
run [rʌn] vi.跑,奔跑;褪色;经营,管理 【例】The thief ran
away before the police arrived.小偷在警方到达前逃跑了。
demand [dɪˈmɑːnd] n./v.要求,需要
【参】demanding(adj.苛求的)
accuse [əˈkjuːz] vt.控告,谴责 【例】He was accused of
incompetence.他被指责不称职。
receive [rɪˈsiːv] v.收到,得到 【例】I hope I can receive
your photos as soon as possible.我希望能尽快收到你寄来的照片。
【参】accept(v.接受)
treat [triːt] vt.对待,看待;治疗 【例】We treated each
other as brothers and sisters.我们亲如兄弟姐妹。
【参】treatment(n.治疗,疗法)
word [wɜːd] n.单词;言语;消息,音讯 【例】Danby left word
with my secretary that he would call again inthe
afternoon.丹比给我的秘书留言说他下午还会再打电话。
crowd [kraʊd] n.人群;堆 v.拥挤,群聚
【参】overcrowded(adj.过度拥挤的)
return [rɪˈtɜːn] v.归还,返回 n.返回,来回 【例】I am
always dreamingof returning to the small village where I was
born.我一直梦想着回到我出生的那个小村庄。
boring [ˈbɔːrɪŋ] adj.无聊的,乏味的;令人厌烦的 【例】All
of the students find the professor’s speech very
boring.所有的学生都觉得该教授的演讲非常乏味。
confident [ˈkɒnfɪdənt] adj.自信的;确信的 【例】He was very
confident.他很自信。
【参】confidently(adv.自信地);confidential(adj.秘密的,机密的)
besides [bɪˈsaɪdz] prep.除…以外(还) adv.此外;再说
【例】I have other people to consider besides
you.除了你之外,我还要
expert [ˈekspɜːt] n.专家,能手 【例】computer
experts计算机专家
wait [weɪt] v.等待 n.等待,等候 【例】They are waiting in
line to get their tickets.他们正在排队等候买票。
【参】waiter(n.男招待);waitress(n.女招待);waiting-room(n.候诊室;候车室)
chest [tʃest] n.箱子;胸部 【例】a tool chest一个工具箱
【参】breast(n.胸部)
tend [tend] vt.照管,护理 vi.趋向,往往是 【例】A team of
gardeners tends the grounds.一组园艺工人照看这块场地。
fare [feə] n.(乘车或船等的)费用,票(价)
happen [ˈhæpən] v.(偶然)发生,碰巧
【参】happenings(n.事件;意外发生的事件)
income [ˈɪnkʌm] n.收入,所得 【例】He needs a high income
to support such a large
family.他需要有高收入才能养得起这样的一个大家庭。
discuss [dɪˈskʌs] v.讨论,议论
【参】discussion(n.讨论,辩论)
celebrate [ˈselɪbreɪt] v.庆祝 【例】When did people begin
to celebrate the New Year?人们什么时候开始庆祝新年?
【参】celebration(n.庆祝,庆祝会)celebrity(n.名声,知名人士)
tie [taɪ] v.(用绳、线)系,拴,扎 n.关系;领带;绳子,结
【例】The aim of these activities is to strengthen the ties between
theChinese and American
students.这些活动的目的是加强中美学生之间的联系。
serve [sɜːv] vt.服务,招待;服役 【例】The dining-room
serves three meals a
dayfrom7:00a.m.to7:00p.m.这个餐厅从早七点到晚七点提供三餐。
【参】servant(n.仆人)
alone [əˈləʊn] adj.单独的,孤独的 【例】He was alone in the
house.他独自一人待在家里。
own [əʊn] adj.自己的 vt.拥有 【例】I thought if I owned a
restaurant I could eat there for
free.我想如果我自己有家餐馆,那就可以免费吃喝了。
【参】owner(n.所有者;主人);ownership(n.所有权)
disturbing [dɪˈstɜːbɪŋ] adj.令人不安的;引起烦恼的
【例】Henry had some disturbing experience in the summer
camp.亨利在夏令营中有过一些令他不安的经历。
rainfall [ˈreɪnfɔːl] n.一场雨;降雨量 【例】Rainfall this
year exceeded the yearly
average.今年的降雨量超过了年平均降雨量。
aside [əˈsaɪd] adv.在旁边 【例】The young man was very
polite to stand aside to let the oldman
pass.那个年轻人很有礼貌地站到一边让老人过去。
board [bɔːd] n.木板;布告牌;委员会
vt.上(船、火车、飞机)
handful [ˈhændfʊl] n.(一)把;少数,少量 【例】There were
only a handful of young men on the street
atmidnight.午夜时分,街上只有少数几个年轻人。
continue [kənˈtɪnjuː] v.延伸;继续
【参】continuing(adj.不间断的,连续的);continuous(adj.持续的,连续的)
mend [mend] v.修理,修补 【例】The hem of my skirt needs
mending.我裙子的边儿需要补一下。
application [ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn] n.申请;申请书 【例】Foreign
students can make an application for a scholarship ofthe famous
university.外国学生可以申请这所著名大学的奖学金。
wealthy [ˈwelθi] adj.富有的 【例】Susan lives in a wealthy
city in the eastern coastline of
USA.苏珊住在美国东海岸一个富裕的城市。
duty [ˈdjuːti] n.责任;义务;税
【参】dutiful(adj.顺从的;尽职的)
mainland [ˈmeɪnlænd] n.大陆 【例】the Antarctic
mainland南极洲大陆
injure [ˈɪndʒə] vt.损害,伤害 【例】He injured an arm in a
car accident.他在一次车祸中伤了一只手臂。
【参】injury(n.损伤;受伤处)
resemble [rɪˈzembl] vt. 与…相似,相像
【参】resemblance (n. 相似;相像) 【例】He strongly
resembles his mother.他与他的母亲非常像。
remind [rɪˈmaɪnd] vt. 提醒,使想起;使发生联想 【例】The
notice reminds students that if they park a motor vehicle on university
premises without a valid permit, they will be fined.
这个通知提醒学生们:未经允许就在校园里停放机动车会被罚款。
pollute [pəˈluːt] vt.污染 【例】Many cities around the
world today are heavily
polluted.当今世界上的许多城市都受到了严重的污染。
alike [əˈlaɪk] adj.相同的,相似的 adv.类似于,以同样的方式
【例】The twins look alike,but they don’t act
alike.这对双胞胎长得很像,但举止却不像。
【参】similar(adj.相似的);unlike(adj./prep.不像,与…不同)
decrease [ˈdɪkriːs][dɪˈkriːs] n.v.减小,减少 【例】The
birthrate in Europe has been in a steady decrease
sincethe1960s.20世纪60年代以来,欧洲的人口出生率持续下降。
seem [siːm] link.v.似乎,好像
regular [ˈreɡjələ] adj.规则的;经常的 【例】the train’s
regular schedule火车的常规时刻表
【参】regularly(adv.有规律地;经常地)
fuel [ˈfjuːəl]
over [ˈəʊvə] prep.在…之上;超过 adv.越过 adj.完了,结束了
【例】The lamp hung over the table.那盏灯悬挂在桌子上方。
considerate [kənˈsɪdərət]
adj.体贴的,考虑周到的;替人着想的 【例】The boss was always considerate
towards every employee.那个老板总是为每名员工着想。
speak [spiːk]
v.(spoke,spoken,speaking)说,讲;谈话;发言
master [ˈmɑːstə] vt.精通,掌握 n.主人;硕士 【例】People
should work harder to master computer
use.人们应该更努力地学习使用计算机。
object [ˈɒbdʒɪkt][əbˈdʒekt] n.物体;目标;宾语 v.反对
【例】He can draw without looking at the object he
draws.他不看实物就能把要画的东西画出来。
【参】objection(n.反对,抗议)
fond [fɒnd] adj.喜爱的,爱好的
staff [stɑːf]
package [ˈpækɪdʒ]
n.(尤指包装好或密封的)一包,一袋,一盒;包裹 【例】John asked his
little boy to buy him a package of cigars in thenear
shop.约翰叫他的小儿子在附近的商店给他买一包香烟。
guilty [ˈɡɪlti] adj.有罪的,犯法的;内疚的 【例】I felt
guilty about lying to you.对你撒了谎,我感到很内疚。
exercise [ˈeksəsaɪz] n.[C]练习;[U]锻炼 v.锻炼
【例】His back hurt so much that hecould not exercise all
week.他的背伤得很厉害,以至于整个星期都不能锻炼。
ever [ˈevə] adv.曾经;无论何时 【例】I would never ever
come to this restaurant again.The food
isterrible!我以后再也不会来这家饭店了,饭菜太难吃了!
【参】however(adv.无论如何);whatever(pron.无论怎样);whenever(conj./adv.无论什么时候);whichever(pron.无论哪一个);whoever(pron.无论谁);whomever(pron.无论谁)
hall [hɔːl] n.大厅,礼堂;门厅,过道 【例】There are three
dininghalls on campus.校园里有三个食堂。
innocent [ˈɪnəsnt] adj.清白的,无辜的;纯真的,天真无邪的
【例】I’m an innocent man.我是无辜的。
【参】innocence(n.清白;纯真)
parking [ˈpɑːkɪŋ] n.停车 【例】All the parking spaces of
this shopping mall were taken.这个购物中心的停车位已经满了。
freeway [ˈfriːweɪ] n.高速公路 【例】A freeway runs through
the village.一条高速公路穿过那个村庄。
reasonable [ˈriːznəbl]
adj.合理的,有道理的;通情达理的,合乎情理的,适度的 【参】unreasonable
(adj. 不合理的) 【例】Now it’s not reasonable to sell the new houses
at a high price insome big
cities.目前,在一些大城市以高价卖新房是不合理的。
available [əˈveɪləbl] adj.有空的;可得到的,可用的 【例】Is
Dr.Black available?I’d like to talk to
him.布莱克医生有空吗?我想跟他谈一谈。
plus [plʌs] prep.加,加上 【例】I got a B plus(B+)on my
history paper.我的历史论文得了B+。
outstanding [aʊtˈstændɪŋ] adj.突出的,显著的;杰出的
【例】He is an outstanding politician.他是一名杰出的政治家。
experiment [ɪkˈsperɪmənt] n.实验 【例】The result of the
experiment was very good.实验的结果非常理想。
can [kæn] v.可能;能够;可以
can [kæn] (英tin)n.罐头;铁罐;垃圾桶 【例】I ate a can
of beans for supper.晚饭我吃了一罐青豆。
comb [kəʊm] v.梳 n.梳子 蜂巢;(鸡等的)肉冠,冠状物 v.
梳理;搜寻,彻底搜查 【例】Have you combed your
hair?你梳头了吗?
optimistic [ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk] adj.乐观的 【例】We should be
optimistic about our future.我们应该对自己的未来持乐观态度。
【参】pessimistic(adj.悲观的)
sight [saɪt] n.情景,风景;视力 【例】The handsome young
man fell in love with the pretty girl atfirst
sight.那个英俊的小伙子对那个漂亮女孩一见钟情。
【参】sightless(adj.盲的,看不见的)
debt [det] n.债务,欠款 【例】in debt欠债;欠情
shout [ʃaʊt] n.[C]喊,高声呼喊 v.呼喊,呼叫 【例】The
angry boss shouted at his secretary to shut the
window.恼怒的老板冲秘书大喊,让她关上窗户。
boundary [ˈbaʊndri] n.边界,分界线 【例】the boundaries of
the country国界
cruel [ˈkruːəl] adj.残忍的,残酷的;无情的 【例】a cruel
stepmother无情的继母 【参】cruelty(n.残酷,无情)
spy [spaɪ] n.密探,间谍 v.侦探,刺探 【例】The foreign spy
disguised as a soldier to enter the
army.那个外国间谍伪装成士兵以进入军队。
insert [ɪnˈsɜːt] vt.插入 【例】Insert a quarter in the coin
slot,and then dial the number.往投币孔里投进一枚25美分的硬币,然后拨号。
【参】insertion(n.插入)
amaze [əˈmeɪz] vt.惊奇,惊叹,震惊 【例】The magician
amazed the children with interesting
tricks.魔术师有趣的戏法令孩子们惊叹不已。
【参】amazing(adj.令人惊异的);amazed(adj.吃惊的,感到惊奇的)
beat [biːt] v.(beat,beaten,beating)打赢;跳动;敲打
n.(音乐)节拍 【例】Do you think the Rockets will beat the
Bulls?你认为火箭队会战胜公牛队吗?
confuse [kənˈfjuːz] vt. 使混乱,混淆;使迷惑,使糊涂
【例】She spoke so fast that she completely confused
me.她讲话太快,我都被她搞糊涂了。
【参】confusing(adj.混乱的;让人糊涂的);confused(adj.困惑的;糊涂的);confusion
(n. 混淆);
afford [əˈfɔːd] vt.买得起;有时间做;承担得起;提供
【例】They cannot afford the medical fee.他们负担不起医药费。
nod [nɒd] v./n.(nodded,nodded,nodding)点头
access [ˈækses] vt. 进入;使用
n. 通道,入径;机会;权利
official [əˈfɪʃl] n.(公司或政府的)官员;高级职员
adj.官方的,政府的;公务的 【例】It’s said that the man in a white shirt
is an official at the
localgovernment.据说,穿白色衬衣的那个人是当地政府的高级官员。
intelligence [ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns] n.智力,聪明 【例】intelligence
test智力测验
discover [dɪˈskʌvə] vt. 发现,找到;发觉 【例】We
discovered a new restaurant in the city.我们在城里发现了一家新开的餐馆。
【参】discovery(n.发现);rediscover(vt.再次发现);undiscovered(adj.未发现的)
ugly [ˈʌɡli] adj.丑陋的,难看的 【例】the ugly
duckling丑小鸭
employ [ɪmˈplɔɪ] n./vt. 雇用;用,使用 【例】It is now
expensive to employ a carpenter.现在请木匠很贵。
【参】employee(n.雇员);employer(n.雇主);employment(n.雇用);unemployed(adj.失业的)employable
(adj. 可利用的)
separate [ˈsepəreɪt][ˈseprət]
v.(使)分开,(使)分离;划分,区分;分居
adj.单独的,分开的;不同的,特别的 【例】Doctors completed a twenty-hour
operation to have separatedone-year-old twins at the
head.医生们用20个小时完成了一岁连体双胞胎的头部分离手术。
【参】separation(n.分离;隔离)
partner [ˈpɑːtnə] n.搭档,合作者 【例】Sometimes an animal
has a plant partner.有时动物与植物之间存在着共生关系。
【参】partnership(n.合伙,合作关系)
plant [plɑːnt] vt.种植;播种 n.植物 【例】We will plant
different kinds of trees,flowers and grass in andaround our
school.我们将在学校及其周围种上各种花草树木。
wherever [weərˈevə] conj.无论何处;任何地方 【例】I’ll go
wherever you go.你去哪儿,我就去哪儿。
license [ˈlaɪsns] n.执照,许可证
subjective [səbˈdʒektɪv] adj.主观的 【例】Judges who are
less subjective are better than those who are
emotional.主观感情较少的法官比那些感情介入较多的法官要好。
【参】subjectively(adv.主观地)
wake [weɪk]
v.(waked/woke,waked/woken,waking)醒来,叫醒
role [rəʊl] n.[C]角色;作用 【例】At last,the actress
Julie got the role of
Mrs.Smith.最终,女演员朱莉得到了史密斯夫人的角色。
increase [ɪnˈkriːs][ˈɪŋkriːs] v.增加,繁殖 n.增加,加大
【例】You may have to increase your budget.也许你得增加预算。
last [lɑːst] adj./adv.最近,最后 v.持续,维持 【例】The
last person to arrive was Tom.最后到的是汤姆。
【参】lasting(adj.耐久的,持久的);last name(n.姓)
fee [fiː] n.费,费用 【例】a school
tuition/fee学费
too [tuː] adv.也;又;太;很
replace [rɪˈpleɪs] vt.取代,代替;把…放回原处
【参】replacement (n. 代替;更换;归还) 【例】The new
desk will replace the old and broken
one.新课桌将会替代那张又旧又破的课桌。
composition [ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃn]
shoot [ʃuːt] vt.(shot,shot,shooting)射击,射中;摄影
n.嫩枝,苗,芽 【例】Can you shoot that bird at the top of the
tree?你能射中树梢上的那只鸟吗?
【参】shot(n.射击,开枪,开炮)
cheat [tʃiːt] v.哄骗,欺骗,骗取 n.骗子;诈骗 【例】Some
students cheated in examinations.有些学生考试作弊。
jump [dʒʌmp] n.[C]跳跃 v.跳跃;惊起;猛扑 【例】Jim
decided to take part in the long jump of this sports
meeting.吉姆决定参加本届运动会的跳远项目。
traditional [trəˈdɪʃənl] adj.传统的 【例】Turkey is the
traditional food for Americans on
ThanksgivingDay.火鸡是美国人感恩节的传统食物。
【参】traditionally(adv.传统上)
fill [fɪl] v.填空;装满;充满
pardon [ˈpɑːdn] vt./n.原谅,宽恕;对不起 【例】This book
will teach you how to pardon others.这本书将教你如何原谅别人。
move [muːv] v.移动,搬动,搬家 【例】Don’t move!不许动!
【参】movement(n.运动,活动);remove(v.移动;搬家)
poisonous [ˈpɔɪzənəs] adj.有毒的;有害的;致命的 【例】It
is common that poisonous snakes attack people in rural areasof many
countries in
summer.在许多国家的农村地区,夏季发生毒蛇伤人很正常。
inside [ˌɪnˈsaɪd] prep.在…里面,在…之内 adv.在里面,在内部
【例】The police asked Ben to park his car inside his
yard.警察让本把车停在他的院内。
【参】outside(prep.在…外面adv.在外面,在外部)
used to aux.v.过去常常 【例】My mother used to dance a
lot.我母亲过去经常跳舞。
sudden [ˈsʌdn] adj.突然的 【例】He was caught in a sudden
storm.他遇到一场突如其来的风暴。
【参】suddenly(adv.突然地)
yet [jet] adv.到目前为止;还;仍然
ignore [ɪɡˈnɔː] vt.不理睬;忽视 【例】Why are you ignoring
me?你为什么不理我? 【参】ignorance(n.无知)
admission [ədˈmɪʃn] n.准许进入(或加入);承认 【例】The
admission fee is10dollars each for adults.成人票每张10美元。
aid [eɪd] n.援助,救护;辅助器具 v.帮助 【例】This work
could not be done completely without the aid of
acomputer.没有计算机的帮助,这项工作不能完成。
knock [nɒk] n./v.敲;打;击
together [təˈɡeðə] adv.一起,共同 【例】Our school is quite
close to our home,so we could go to schooltogether by
bike.学校离家很近,所以我们可以一起骑车去上学。
born [bɔːn] adj.出生的 【例】He was born in
Beijing.他出生在北京。
as [æz] conj.当…时;正如;因为;尽管 prep.作为,以…身份
adv.像…一样
notice [ˈnəʊtɪs] n.通告,注意 v.注意到
【参】noticeable(adj.显而易见的);unnoticed(adj.不引人注意的)
amount [əˈmaʊnt] vn. 金额,钱数;数量,数额 vi. 合计
【例】The damage after the fire amounted
to$500,000.火灾造成的损失共计50万美元。
pleased [pliːzd] adj.高兴的
achieve [əˈtʃiːv] vt.达到,取得 【例】The team achieved
victory after lots of hard
work.经过艰苦的训练后,这支队伍取得了胜利。
anywhere [ˈeniweə] adv.任何地方 【例】In spring,all kinds
of flowers can be seen anywhere in
thegarden.春天,在花园里各种各样的花随处可见。
whenever [wenˈevə] conj.无论何时 【例】Wash the car
whenever it’s convenient for you.你方便的时候把车洗了。
department [dɪˈpɑːtmənt]
(缩写为Dept.)n.部门;(大学的)系 【例】department
store百货商店
pain [peɪn] n.疼痛;[pl.]努力 【例】She was the only one
with whom I could safely talk about allmy fears and
pains.她是我唯一可以放心倾诉内心恐惧与痛苦的人。
【参】painless(adj.不痛的)
once [wʌns] n./adv.一次;曾经 conj.一旦 【例】I go to
school once a week.我每周上一次课。
phone [fəʊn] (=telephone)v.打电话 n.电话;电话机
【例】I’ve tried to phone my wife six times and I can’t get
through.我试着给妻子打了六个电话,但都接不通。
light [laɪt] n.光,灯,灯光
vi.(lit/lighted,lit/lighted,lighting)点(火),变亮
adj.明亮的;轻的;浅色的
remember [rɪˈmembə] v.记得;纪念
rather [ˈrɑːðə] adv.相当,宁可
strange [streɪndʒ] adj.奇怪的,奇特的;陌生的 【例】A
strange man came into the room without
permission.一个陌生人没有经过允许就进入了这间屋子。
【参】strangely(adv.奇怪地)
harmful [ˈhɑːmfl] adj.有害的;致伤的 【例】Watching TV for
a long time can be harmful to
children’seyesight.长时间看电视对孩子的视力有害。
worthwhile [ˌwɜːθˈwaɪl] adj.值得做的 【例】The smile on
Alice’s face made the pursuer feel that what hehas done is
worthwhile.艾丽斯脸上的笑容使追求者觉得他所做的都是值得的。
prefer [prɪˈfɜː]
vt.(preferred,preferred,preferring)宁愿(选择);更喜欢
【参】preferable(adj.更可取的,更优越的);preference(n.偏爱;优先选择)
fix [fɪks] v.修理,安装;确定,决定
responsibility [rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti]
irresponsibility(n.无责任感)responsible
(adj. 应负责的,有责任的)
quantity [ˈkwɒntəti]
rise [raɪz] vi.(rose,risen,rising) n.上升,上涨
【例】Only with hard work can you expect to get a pay
rise.只有努力工作你才有望加薪。
expression [ɪkˈspreʃn] n.表情;表达法,表达方式 【例】an
expression of happiness/anger高兴/生气的表情
【参】expressionless(adj.面无表情的)
disappear [ˌdɪsəˈpɪə] vi.消失 【例】Wildlife is
disappearing because of shooting and the loss ofwildland
habitat.狩猎以及野生栖息地的减少导致野生物种逐渐消失。
【参】disappearance(n.消失)
so [səʊ] conj.因此,所以 pron./adv.如此,这么
approach [əˈprəʊtʃ] n.方式,方法 v.接近,靠近
perform [pəˈfɔːm]
performance(n.表演;性能);performer(n.表演者;执行者)outperform
(v. 做得比…好)
pump [pʌmp] vt.用泵抽水;抽 n.抽水机,泵 【例】Air must be
pumped into the plane so that the passengers
canbreathe.必须将空气抽入飞机供乘客们呼吸。
somehow [ˈsʌmhaʊ] adv.以某种方式;不知怎么地 【例】Somehow
or other the engineer needs a new computer
forwork.不知怎么地,这个工程师需要一台新电脑来工作。
though [ðəʊ] conj./adv.虽然,可是,尽管
become [bɪˈkʌm] vt.(became,become,becoming)变得,成为
【例】Helen became an electronic
engineer.海伦成了一名电子工程师。
precious [ˈpreʃəs] adj.宝贵的,珍贵的
authority [ɔːˈθɒrəti]
vain [veɪn] adj.自负的;徒劳的 【例】She is very vain about
her voice.她对自己的声音很自负。
instead [ɪnˈsted] adv.代替,顶替 【例】It is too wet to go
for a walk;let’s go swimming
instead.天气太潮湿不适合散步,我们不如去游泳吧。
afterward(s) [ˈɑːftəwɜːd(z)] adv.后来 【例】Mary went to
work,and afterward she went to
dinner.玛丽去上班,然后去吃晚饭。
ashamed [əˈʃeɪmd] adj.惭愧的,害臊的,羞耻的
danger [ˈdeɪndʒə] n.危险
【参】endanger(vt.危及);endangered(adj.濒危的)
childhood [ˈtʃaɪldhʊd] n.幼年时代,童年 【例】She had an
unhappy childhood.她有一个不幸的童年。
mistaken [mɪˈsteɪkən] adj.错误的 【例】The ancient people
were mistaken in their belief that the Sunturned around the
Earth.古代人错误地认为太阳绕着地球转。
fetch [fetʃ] v.去取来,去请来 【例】The dog fetched the
stick back.小狗衔回了那根木棒。
drag [dræɡ] v.(dragged,dragged,dragging)拖,拽 【例】Tom
dragged the toy duck behind him.汤姆拽着身后的玩具鸭。
chat [tʃæt] n.聊天,闲谈 vi.聊天,闲谈 【例】Bill likes
chatting with his friends in his spare
time.比尔喜欢在闲暇时和朋友们闲聊。
kilo [ˈkiːləʊ] n.千克;公斤 【例】The shopkeeper gave us
short weight:we got9kilos
insteadof10kilos.店主给我们的分量少了:只有9公斤而不是10公斤。
public [ˈpʌblɪk] adj.公共的,公众的,国家的 n.公众
【例】public transport公共交通;公交车辆
【参】publicity(n.公开);publicly(adv.公然地;舆论上地)
offer [ˈɒfə] v./n.提供;提出;出价
explain [ɪkˈspleɪn] vt.解释,说明 【例】Please explain why
you’re so late.请解释一下你为什么这么晚才来。
【参】explanation(n.解释,说明)
cigarette [ˌsɪɡəˈret] n.香烟 【例】a pack of
cigarettes一包香烟
bother [ˈbɒðə]
emergency [iˈmɜːdʒənsi] n.紧急情况或状态,突发事件 【例】an
emergency measure紧急措施
eyesight [ˈaɪsaɪt] n.视力,视觉 【例】Tom’s eyesight is
poor.汤姆的视力很差。
suggestion [səˈdʒestʃən] n.[C]建议 【例】Bosses are
always interested in suggestions of raising
money.老板总是对赚钱的建议有兴趣。
entire [ɪnˈtaɪə] adj.整个的,全部的
【参】entirely(adv.完全地)
sleep [sliːp] n./vi.睡觉 【例】Wendy couldn’t sleep last
night because of the noise outside.由于外面的噪音,温迪昨晚没睡着。
【参】sleepless(adj.失眠的)
dust [dʌst] n.灰尘,尘土 【例】Dust blew into my
eyes.灰尘吹进我眼睛里了。
【参】dustman(n.清洁工);dusty(adj.积满灰尘的);dustbin(n.垃圾箱)
beg [beɡ] v.(begged,begged,begging)请求,乞求
【参】beggar(n.乞丐)
mobile [ˈməʊbaɪl] adj.活动的,可移动的
benefit [ˈbenɪfɪt]
ready [ˈredi] adj.准备就绪的
invent [ɪnˈvent] vt.发明,创造 【例】Do you know who
invented the roller skates?你知道是谁发明了旱冰鞋吗?
【参】invention(n.发明,创造);inventor(n.发明家);inventive(adj.善于创造的,发明的)
sensitive [ˈsensətɪv] adj.敏感的;灵敏的;易被惹恼的
【例】The old are usually very sensitive about their
age.老年人通常对自己的年龄非常敏感。
some [sʌm] adj.一些,若干;有些;某一
pron.若干,一些
whichever [wɪtʃˈevə] pron.不论哪个 【例】I’ll give this
cookie to whichever of you wants it.你们谁要,我就把甜饼给谁。
abandon [əˈbændən] vt.放弃;抛弃
【参】abandonment (n. 放弃,遗弃) 【例】He abandoned his
wife and went away with all their
money.他抛弃了他的妻子并带走了他们所有的钱。
abnormal [æbˈnɔːml] adj.反常的;变态的;畸形的 【例】The
warm December weather in northern Canada
wasabnormal.12月份加拿大北部气候温暖,这很不正常。
abolish [əˈbɒlɪʃ] vt.废止;废除 【例】Bad customs should be
abolished.应当废除不良习俗。
abortion [əˈbɔːʃn] n.流产;堕胎 【例】Abortion is sometimes
used to save the mother’s life.堕胎有时是用来挽救母亲的生命的。
abrupt [əˈbrʌpt] adj.突然的,意外的;唐突的 【例】an abrupt
change in the weather天气的突然变化
absence [ˈæbsəns] n.不在,缺席;没有 【例】The decision was
made in my absence.这个决定是我不在的时候做出的。
【参】absent(adj.缺席的)
abstract [ˈæbstrækt] adj. 抽象的;抽象派的
n. 摘要,梗概;抽象 vt. 摘要,提炼;抽象化 【参】abstracted
(adj. 抽象的);abstraction (n. 抽象概念;抽象化状态)
【例】an abstract idea抽象概念
abundant [əˈbʌndənt] adj.丰富的,充裕的 【例】Abundant
rainfall made the land fertile.丰沛的雨水使得土地肥沃。
【参】abundance(n.丰富,充裕)
abuse [əˈbjuːz][əˈbjuːs] vt.滥用;虐待 n.辱骂,粗话
【例】Don’t abuse your authority!不要滥用你的权力!
academy [əˈkædəmi] n.学院;研究院 【例】an academy of
music音乐学院
【参】academic(adj.学院的,学术的;理论的)
accelerate [əkˈseləreɪt] vt.加速,促进 【例】Too much
sunshine accelerates the aging process of your
skin.过量的阳光照射会加快你皮肤衰老的进程。
accessible [əkˈsesəbl] adj.
(物品)能接近的;(地方)能达到的;易使用的;易得到的 【例】The tower
is not accessible to the public.这座塔不对公众开放。
【参】inaccessible(adj.无法进入的;无法使用的)
accommodation [əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn]
accompany [əˈkʌmpəni] vt. 陪伴;伴随,与…同时发生;伴奏
【例】Can you accompany me to the hospital?你能陪我去医院吗?
accomplish [əˈkʌmplɪʃ] vt.完成,达到 【例】I was not able
to accomplish all that I set out to
do.我不能完成所有我事先计划要做的事情。
【参】accomplishment(n.成就)
accountant [əˈkaʊntənt] n.会计,会计师 【例】My accountant
will prepare my taxes.我的会计师会给我准备好税金。
accumulate [əˈkjuːmjəleɪt] vt.堆积,积累 【例】You will
accumulate a good small library, if you buy10booksevery
month.每个月买十本书,你就能积累出一个不错的小图书馆。
accuracy [ˈækjərəsi] n.准确性 【例】The player hits the
ball with great accuracy.那名选手击球十分准确。
acid [ˈæsɪd] adj.酸的;尖酸刻薄的 n.酸 【例】acid
rain酸雨
acquaintance [əˈkweɪntəns] n.相识,熟人 【例】I met an
acquaintance of yours at the train
station.我在火车站碰到了你的一个熟人。
【参】acquaint(vt.通知;使认识)
acquire [əˈkwaɪə] vt.获得;学到 【例】Tom acquired a famous
painting from an art
dealer.汤姆从一个艺术品经销商那里得到了一幅名画。
acquisition [ˌækwɪˈzɪʃn] n.获得;获得物 【例】Tom’s newest
acquisition is a sports car.汤姆最近购置了一辆跑车。
acre [ˈeɪkə] n.英亩;田地 【例】acres of
land广阔的土地
adequate [ˈædɪkwət] adj.足够的,适当的 【例】We took
adequate food for the holiday.我们为度假带足了食品。
【参】inadequate(adj.不充分的)
adjust [əˈdʒʌst] v.适应;调整,调节 【例】John adjusted
himself very quickly to the weather of France.约翰很快适应了法国的天气。
【参】adjustable(adj.可调节的);adjustment(n.调整,调节)
adjustment [əˈdʒʌstmənt] n.调整,调节;适应 【例】The
designer has made a few adjustments to the old
design.设计者已经对旧方案做出了一些调整。
administration [ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃn] n.管理;行政部门
【例】business administration工商管理
【参】administrative(adj.管理的,行政的)
adolescence [ˌædəˈlesns] n.青春期 【例】Adolescence can be
a confusing time.青春期会是一个充满困惑的时期。
【参】adolescent(n.青年adj.青春期的,青春的)
advocate [ˈædvəkeɪt] vt.提倡;拥护;主张
[ˈædvəkət] n. 拥护者,支持者;提倡者 【例】The social
activists advocated change.社会活动家提倡变革。
affection [əˈfekʃn] n.喜爱;爱慕,友爱 【例】Bill
completely ignored Lisa’s affections, and that hurt
herfeelings.比尔完全无视莉萨的爱意,这使她很伤心。
agency [ˈeɪdʒənsi]
agent (n. 代理人;代理商)
【例】My father operates an insurance
agency.我父亲开了一家保险代理公司。
agenda [əˈdʒendə] n.代理人,议程;经纪人;议程表 【例】How
many items are on the agenda?这份议程上有多少个事项?
agent [ˈeɪdʒənt] n.代理商 【例】David served as an agent
for the shipping company.戴维给航运公司做代理。
aggressive [əˈɡresɪv] adj.侵略的;咄咄逼人的 【例】The
country made an aggressive attack on a neighbouring
land.那个国家对邻邦发起了侵略性攻击。
agricultural [ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl] adj.农业的 【例】The
Agricultural Bank of China has allowed some students inpoverty to loan
money without interest.中国农业银行允许一些贫困学生进行无息贷款。
【参】agriculturalist(n.农业学家)
agriculture [ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə] n.农业,农学
【参】agricultural (adj. 农业的;农学的)
airmail [ˈeəmeɪl] n.〈总称〉航空邮件 【例】An airmail
letter would get to the USA very
quickly.寄往美国的航空邮件将会很快到达。
album [ˈælbəm] n.照相簿;集邮本;专辑 【例】Family Album
USA《走遍美国》
alcohol [ˈælkəhɒl] n.酒精,酒 【例】drink
alcohol喝酒
alcoholic [ˌælkəˈhɒlɪk] adj.酒精的;含酒精的 n.酗酒者
【例】Some party-goers left the place in an alcoholic
haze.一些参加聚会的人离开时已经醉得晕头转向了。
algebra [ˈældʒɪbrə] n.代数学 【例】Bill was not good at the
abstract algebra in high school.高中时,比尔不擅长抽象代数。
allergic [əˈlɜːdʒɪk] adj.(to)过敏的 【例】Lizzy is
allergic to the fur of cats, so she can no longer take acat as her
pet.莉齐对猫毛过敏,所以她不能再养猫了。
alley [ˈæli] n.(建筑群中的)小巷;弄堂;胡同 【例】Alice
and I live in the same narrow alley in which we cannotsee much
light.艾丽斯和我住在同一条狭窄、见不到多少阳光的胡同里。
allowance [əˈlaʊəns] n.津贴,补贴 【例】Bill’s allowance is
twenty dollars a week.比尔每周有20美元的补贴。
alongside [əˌlɒŋˈsaɪd] adv./prep.在旁边;沿着 【例】The car
drew up alongside the road.小汽车在路边停了下来。
alphabet [ˈælfəbet] n.字母表 【例】The little child can
read the alphabet.这个小孩可以读字母表。
alternative [ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv] adj.
可供替代的;非传统的,另类的 n. 可供选择的事物 【参】
alternatively (adv. 二选一地) 【例】I have an alternative
plan in case it rains during the
picnic.万一野餐时下雨,我还有一个备选的计划。
altitude [ˈæltɪtjuːd] n.高度;高处;海拔 【例】The pilot
announced that our altitude
was30,000feet.飞行员宣布我们所处的高度为3万英尺。
aluminum [ˌæljəˈmɪniəm] n.铝 【例】Aluminum is a kind of
silvery white metal.铝是一种银白色的金属。
amateur [ˈæmətə] adj.业余爱好的 n.业余爱好者 【例】The band
was made up of some amateur
musicians.乐队由一些音乐业余爱好者组成。
ambassador [æmˈbæsədə] n.大使 【例】He later became
Ambassador to France.他后来成为驻法国大使。
ambassadress [æmˈbæsədres] n.大使夫人;女大使
ambiguous [æmˈbɪɡjuəs] adj.
含糊其辞的;不明确的,模棱两可的 【例】The professor gave an ambiguous
answer to Jane’s question.教授对简的问题给了一个含糊的答复。
ambition [æmˈbɪʃn]
ambulance [ˈæmbjələns]
ample [ˈæmpl] adj.充足的,丰富的 【例】My income is small,
but it is ample for my needs.我收入虽然不高,但足够我自己花了。
amuse [əˈmjuːz] vt.使快乐,逗乐 【例】The playful kitten
always amuses Grandma.顽皮的小猫总能把奶奶逗乐。
【参】amusing(adj.有趣的;逗乐的);amused(adj.愉快的,开心的)
amusement [əˈmjuːzmənt] n.娱乐,消遣 【例】Chess is not
only an amusement, but also an
intellectualactivity.象棋不仅是一种娱乐活动,还是一种智力活动。
ancestor [ˈænsestə] n.祖宗,祖先 【例】Her ancestors came
to America from Italy.她的祖先从意大利来到美国。
anchor [ˈæŋkə] v.抛锚;停泊 n.锚 【例】John anchored the
boat just off shore.约翰就把船停在岸边了。
anecdote [ˈænɪkdəʊt] n.轶事;趣事 【例】This book is a
collection of anecdotes of famous
people.这本书是一本名人轶事集。
ankle [ˈæŋkl] n.脚踝 【例】There is something wrong with my
ankle.我的脚踝有点不对劲。
anniversary [ˌænɪˈvɜːsəri] n.周年纪念 【例】My parents were
in Europe on their fiftieth
weddinganniversary.我父母在欧洲度过了他们的结婚50周年纪念日。
Antarctic [ænˈtɑːktɪk] adj.南极的 n.南极地区
【例】Antarctic explorers have many strange experiences there.
南极探险者在南极有很多奇怪的经历。
antique [ænˈtiːk] n.古董 【例】He can distinguish a genuine
antique from a reproduction.他能鉴别真古董与复制品。
apparent [əˈpærənt] adj.明显的,清楚的 【例】It was
apparent that he knew nothing about how to repair
cars.很明显,他对如何修理小汽车一无所知。
【参】apparently(adv.明显地)
appendix [əˈpendɪks] n.附录,附属品;阑尾
appetite [ˈæpɪtaɪt]
applaud [əˈplɔːd] v.鼓掌,喝彩 【例】At the end of the
performance, the audience applauded
loudly.演出结束的时候,观众掌声雷动。
appreciation [əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃn] n.欣赏;评论;感激 【例】Maria
shows much appreciation of Da Vinci’s Mona
Lisa.玛丽亚特别欣赏达芬奇的《蒙娜丽莎》。
【参】appreciative(adj.有欣赏力的)
appropriate [əˈprəʊpriət] [əˈprəʊpriət](adj.
合适的,适当的) [əˈprəʊprieɪt] (vt.
占有,挪用;拨出(款项)) 【例】The spoken language is not appropriate
in the workplace.这种口语不适合出现在工作场合。
apron [ˈeɪprən] n.围裙;台口(舞台幕前的部分);[航]停机坪
【例】The salesman usually clings to the manager’s apron
strings.那个销售员总是对经理唯命是从。
arbitrary [ˈɑːbɪtrəri] adj.武断的;任意的;专横的
【例】Buying a home should not be an arbitrary
decision.买房子决不能武断决定。
arch [ɑːtʃ] n.拱门;拱形 【例】Arch of
Triumph凯旋门
architect [ˈɑːkɪtekt]
architecture [ˈɑːkɪtektʃə]
architectural(adj. 建筑的) 【例】classical
architecture古典建筑
Arctic [ˈɑːktɪk] n.北极 adj.北极的
【参】Antarctic(n.南极)
arithmetic [əˈrɪθmətɪk] n.算术 【例】I want our children to
learn more than reading, writing
andarithmetic.我不想孩子们仅仅学习阅读、写作和算术。
artificial [ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl] adj.
人工的,人造的;假的,矫揉造作的;模拟的 【例】Human beings have already
created artificial intelligence earlyin the19th
century.早在19世纪,人类就已经创造出了人工智能。
assess [əˈses] vt.估定,评定 【例】It took a while to
assess the damage from the
tornado.评估龙卷风所造成的损失需要一段时间。
assessment [əˈsesmənt]
assist [əˈsɪst]
assistance (n. 协助,帮助);assistant
(n. 助手,助教 adj.助理的,辅助的)
assistance [əˈsɪstəns] n.援助,帮助 【例】The company has
provided assistance for the people in findinga job during hard
times.在困难时期,这家公司曾为找工作的人提供帮助。
associate [əˈsəʊʃieɪt] v.结合;结交;联系 n. 伙伴;同事
adj. 副的;联合的,合伙的 【参】 combine (v.
结合,联合);join (v. 加入,结合) 【例】Judy always
associates happiness with
money.朱迪总是把幸福和金钱联系在一起。
association [əˌsəʊʃiˈeɪʃn]
n.联合;联盟;结交,交往;协会;联系 【例】They have stopped their close
association with a college in
theUSA.他们已经终止了与美国一所大学的密切联系。
assumption [əˈsʌmpʃn]
astonish [əˈstɒnɪʃ] vt.使惊讶 【例】The ending of the book
will astonish you.这本书的结局会让你惊讶。
astronomer [əˈstrɒnəmə] n.天文学家 【例】A new phenomenon
in the sky has attracted the attention of
theastronomers.天空中的一个新现象引起了天文学家的注意。
astronomy [əˈstrɒnəmi] n.天文学
【参】astronomer(n.天文学家)
attain [əˈteɪn] vt. 达到;获得;完成 【例】Tim finally
attained the degree.蒂姆最终获得了学位。
attend [əˈtend]
attendance
(n. 出席;照料);attention (n. 注意;关心) 【例】attend
the meeting参加会议//Tom was ready to attend toeverybody’s business but
his own.汤姆乐于助人却忽略了自己。
audience [ˈɔːdiəns] n.观众,听众 【例】Thousands of
audience crowded the concert hall.数千名听众挤满了音乐大厅。
authentic [ɔːˈθentɪk] adj.真的,可信的 【例】Is that an
authentic painting from Van Gogh,or a
copy?那幅画是凡·高的真迹还是复制品?
autonomous [ɔːˈtɒnəməs] adj.自治的;自主的 【例】The colony
wished to become an autonomous
state.殖民地希望能成为自治的国家。
awesome [ˈɔːsəm] adj.可怕的;引起敬畏的 【例】An awesome
storm overtook the small ship.一场可怕的风暴掀翻了小船。
awkward [ˈɔːkwəd] adj.笨拙的;难使用的;尴尬的 【例】The
tools may be awkward for people with very small
hands.这些工具对于那些手小的人来说可能不太好用。
【参】awkwardly(adv.笨拙地);awkwardness(n.笨拙)
bachelor [ˈbætʃələ] n.学士;单身汉
【参】master(n.硕士);doctor(n.博士)
bacterium [bækˈtɪəriəm] n.(pl.bacteria)细菌 【例】A
single bacterium is unlikely to cause a
disease.单独的一个细菌不太可能诱发疾病。
badminton [ˈbædmɪntən] n.羽毛球 【例】Badminton is a
relaxing sport.羽毛球是一项休闲运动。
bakery [ˈbeɪkəri] n.面包店 【例】It is very busy at the
bakery before sunrise.日出前,面包房里很繁忙。
balcony [ˈbælkəni] n.阳台;包厢 【例】We ate breakfast on
the balcony at the ski lodge.我们在滑雪场小屋的阳台上吃早餐。
ballet [ˈbæleI] n.芭蕾舞,芭蕾舞剧 【例】Swan Lake is the
name of a famous ballet.《天鹅湖》是一出著名芭蕾舞剧的剧名。
barbecue [ˈbɑːbɪkjuː] n.烤肉野餐,烧烤 【例】Let’s have our
friends over for a barbecue
Saturday!周六把朋友们全都叫过来烧烤吧!
barber [ˈbɑːbə] n.理发师 【例】I hope I remember to ask the
barber not to cut my hair
tooshort.我希望我记得要求理发师不要把我的头发剪得太短。
barbershop [ˈbɑːbəʃɒp] n.理发店 【例】I have waited for my
turn at the barbershop for nearly an
hour.我在理发店等了近一个小时才轮到我。
barrier [ˈbæriə]
beauty [ˈbjuːti] n.美,美丽;美人 【例】Mary has a natural
beauty and needs no makeup.玛丽天生丽质,不需要化妆。
beddings [ˈbedɪŋz] n.被褥;寝具 【例】The girl pulled the
beddings over her boyfriend who wassleeping on the
sofa.那个女孩把棉被拉过来盖在在沙发上熟睡的男朋友身上。
being [ˈbiːɪŋ] n.生物,人;存在 【例】She believes she has
talked to beings from other planets.她认为自己跟外星人说过话。
belly [ˈbeli] n.肚子 【例】Lie down on your
belly.趴下。
betray [bɪˈtreI] vvt. 出卖,泄露(秘密等);辜负;流露情感
【参】reveal (vt. 揭示;暴露) 【例】I would rather die
than betray my country.我宁死也不会背叛我的祖国。
bingo [ˈbɪŋɡəʊ] n.宾戈(一种赌博游戏) 【例】a bingo
hall宾戈游戏厅
biochemistry [ˌbaɪəʊˈkemɪstri] n.生物化学 【例】an
experiment in biochemistry生化实验
biography [baɪˈɒɡrəfi] n.传记
birthplace [ˈbɜːθpleɪs] n.出生地,故乡 【例】This town is
my birthplace.这个小镇是我出生的地方。
biscuit [ˈbɪskɪt] n.饼干 【例】cream
biscuits奶油饼干
bishop [ˈbɪʃəp] n.主教 【例】The bishop officiated at the
cathedral.主教在大教堂执行圣职。
blanket [ˈblæŋkɪt] n.毛毯,毯子;厚的覆盖物 【例】a piece
of blanket一条毯子
bless [bles] vt.保佑,降福 【例】Bless all those who are
hungry, lonely or sick.求神赐福于那些饥饿、孤独或患病的人们。
bond [bɒnd] n.联结;联结物 v.黏合;结合 【例】the bonds of
friendship友谊的联结
bonus [ˈbəʊnəs] n.奖金,红利 【例】The workers got a
Christmas bonus.工人们得到了圣诞节奖金。
boom [buːm] n.繁荣;隆隆声 v.发出隆隆声;兴隆,使繁荣
【例】The oil market is enjoying a boom.石油市场欣欣向荣。
booth [buːð] n.岗;(为某种用途而设的)亭或小隔间 【例】a
voting booth投票站
border [ˈbɔːdə] n.边缘;边境,国界 【例】on the border
of在…的边界上
botanical [bəˈtænɪkl] adj.植物学的,植物的 【例】Botanical
pesticide usually has side effects on crops and
soil.植物杀虫剂通常对庄稼和土壤都有副作用。
botany [ˈbɒtəni] n.植物学;植物 【例】I think botany is a
very interesting subject.我觉得植物学是一门很有意思的学科。
bounce [baʊns] v.使反弹;跳跃 【例】The children were
bouncing a ball.孩子们在拍球。
bound [baʊnd] adj. 负有义务的;一定的,必然的 v.跳跃
【例】I’m bound to do this work.我有义务做这项工作。
bow [baʊ] v./n.鞠躬,弯腰 【例】He bowed to
us.他向我们鞠躬。
boycott [ˈbɔɪkɒt] n./vt.联合抵制 【例】They’re boycotting
the shop.他们正在联合抵制那家商店。
bravery [ˈbreɪvəri] n.勇敢,勇气 【例】He was given a medal
for bravery.他因勇敢而被授予了一枚奖章。
breathless [ˈbreθləs] adj.喘不过气来的,气喘吁吁的
【例】The boy maintained a breathless pace because there was a maddog
running after him.那个男孩拼命地跑,因为后面有条疯狗在追他。
brewery [ˈbruːəri] n.啤酒厂,酿酒厂 【例】Odors from the
local brewery are spreading out with the
wind.当地酿酒厂的酒香随风飘散了出来。
brick [brɪk] n.砖;砖块 【例】an ice-cream
brick冰砖
bridegroom [ˈbraɪdɡruːm] n.新郎 【例】Many young people at
the wedding like the
handsomebridegroom.参加婚礼的很多年轻人喜欢这个英俊的新郎。
brochure [ˈbrəʊʃə]
brunch [brʌntʃ] n.早午饭 【例】I don’t think brunch is good
for our health. 我认为早午饭不利于身体健康。
bucket [ˈbʌkɪt] n.桶;铲斗 【例】One bucket of paint will
be enough for the ceiling.刷天花板,一桶油漆就够用了。
Buddhism [ˈbʊdɪzəm] n.佛教 【例】Buddhism is an ancient
religion.佛教是一种古老的宗教。
buffet [ˈbʊfeI] n.自助餐 【例】a buffet party
一场冷餐会
bun [bʌn] n.馒头;小甜面包 【例】I don’t like buns at
all.我一点都不喜欢小甜面包。
bungalow [ˈbʌŋɡələʊ] n.平房 【例】In order to buy a house
for her daughter, the mother sold herlarge house and moved into a
bungalow.为了给女儿买房,母亲卖掉了大房子,搬进了一间小平房。
burden [ˈbɜːdn] n.担子,负担 【例】A donkey can carry a
heavy burden.驴子能驮重担。
bureaucratic [ˌbjʊərəˈkrætɪk]
adj.官僚的;官僚主义的
butcher [ˈbʊtʃə] vt.屠宰(动物),残杀(人) n.肉店;屠夫
【例】They butchered the prisoners.他们残杀囚犯。
cab [kæb] (英taxi)n.出租车 【例】Do not break the rule
that no one but drivers can enter the
cab.不要违反规定,除了司机任何人都不能进入驾驶室。
cafeteria [ˌkæfəˈtɪəriə] n.自助餐厅 【例】They had their
lunch in a cafeteria.他们在一家自助餐厅吃了午饭。
calculate [ˈkælkjuleɪt]
calculator(n.计算机,计算器)
campaign [kæmˈpeɪn] n.战役;竞选活动 vi.参加活动;作战
【例】an advertising campaign广告活动
canal [kəˈnæl] n.运河;水道 【例】Do you think swimming is
allowed in the canal?你觉得可以在这个运河里游泳吗?
canteen [kænˈtiːn] n.餐厅;食堂 【例】We ate lunch at the
canteen.我们在食堂吃了午饭。
【参】restaurant(n.饭店);inn(n.小旅馆);hotel(n.酒店);dining-hall(n.餐厅);pub(n.酒吧);bar(n.酒吧)
capsule [ˈkæpsjuːl] n.胶囊;太空舱 【例】The doctor gave
Tom some capsules for his
fever.医生给汤姆开了一些治发烧的胶囊。
caption [ˈkæpʃn] n.标题;字幕;说明 【例】The editor wrote
captions for the pictures.编辑为这些图片添加了标题。
carbon [ˈkɑːbən] n.碳 【例】carbon atoms碳原子
【参】carbonate(n.碳酸盐)
carpenter [ˈkɑːpəntə] n.木匠 【例】employ a
carpenter雇用一名木匠
carriage [ˈkærɪdʒ] n.四轮马车;(火车)客车厢 【例】A
carriage was the only resort.乘马车是唯一的办法。
carrier [ˈkæriə] n.搬运者;(车的)置物架;媒介 【例】an
aircraft carrier航空母舰
carve [kɑːv] v.刻;雕刻 【例】The stone was carved with
some words.石头上刻着一些文字。
cassette [kəˈset]
n.[C](录音带、录像带的)卡式盒;(摄影胶卷的)暗盒 【例】Alice inserted
a cassette into the machine, and it started to
sing.艾丽斯把磁带放到了机器里,然后歌曲便开始播放了。
cast [kɑːst] vt.(cast, cast, casting)扔,抛 n.演员表
【例】The fishermen cast their nets into the
sea.渔民向海中撒网。
casual [ˈkæʒuəl] adj.偶然的,不经意的;非正式的;临时的
【例】a casual interest暂时的兴趣
【参】casually(adv.随便地;临时地)casualness
(n. 偶然性)
catalogue [ˈkætəlɒɡ]
catastrophe [kəˈtæstrəfi] n.灾难;灾祸;横祸
【参】catastrophic (adj.
悲惨的;灾难性的)disaster (n. 灾难) 【例】Early warning
of earthquake prevented a major catastrophe inthis
area.对地震的早期预警避免了这一地区的一场大灾难。
category [ˈkætəɡəri] n.种类 【例】Which literary category
would this book go in?这本书属于哪一类文学书籍?
cater [ˈkeɪtə] v.迎合;备办食物;满足需要 【例】Will the
restaurant cater to our special requests?饭店会满足我们的特别要求吗?
【参】 self-catering (adj.自助的;自给的)
Catholic [ˈkæθlɪk] adj.天主教的 【例】a Catholic
church天主教堂
caution [ˈkɔːʃn] n.小心,谨慎 【例】The hunter approached
the lion with caution.猎人小心翼翼地向狮子走去。
【参】cautious(adj.小心的,谨慎的)
cell [sel] n.细胞;蜂房;电池 【参】cellular
(adj. 细胞的) 【例】cancer cells癌细胞
centigrade [ˈsentɪɡreɪd] adj.摄氏的;百分度的 【例】This
summer, the temperature is sometimes as high as fortydegrees
centigrade.今年夏天,气温有时高达40摄氏度。
certificate [səˈtɪfɪkət] n.证明,证明书 【例】a certificate
of birth出生证明
champion [ˈtʃæmpiən] n.冠军,优胜者 【例】the boxing
champion of the world世界拳击冠军
chant [tʃɑːnt] v.唱;歌颂 n.圣歌,赞美诗 【例】chant a
hero’s deeds歌颂英雄事迹
chaos [ˈkeɪɒs] n.混乱 【参】chaotic (adj.
混乱的,无秩序的) 【例】The desk was a chaos of papers and unopened
letters.桌上杂乱地堆放着文件和未开封的信件。
cheers [tʃɪəz] int.干杯
chef [ʃef] n.厨师 【例】My cousin is a
chef.我的堂兄是位厨师。
choir [ˈkwaɪə] n.唱诗班;合唱班 【例】a church
choir教堂唱诗班.
choke [tʃəʊk] n./v.窒息;噎住 【例】A coin went down his
throat and he started to
choke.一枚硬币卡在他的喉咙里,他开始透不过气来。
chopsticks [ˈtʃɒpstɪks] n.筷子 【例】When you go to a
Chinese restaurant you have to
usechopsticks.到中国餐馆用餐就得使用筷子。
chorus [ˈkɔːrəs] n.合唱 【例】a mixed
chorus男女合唱
Christian [ˈkrɪstʃən] n.基督教徒 adj.基督教徒的 【例】a
Christian country信奉基督教的国家
circuit [ˈsɜːkɪt] n.电路 【例】a television
circuit电视线路
circulate [ˈsɜːkjəleɪt] vt.使流通;使运行;循环 【例】We
should often open the windows to allow the air to
circulate.我们应该经常开窗户以使空气流通。
circumstance [ˈsɜːkəmstɑːns] n.环境;情况 【例】The
circumstances forced me to accept
it.迫于环境的压力,我不得不接受。
circus [ˈsɜːkəs]
clarify [ˈklærəfaI] v.澄清,阐明
【参】clarification (n. 澄清;阐明) 【例】I hope what I
say could clarify the situation.我希望我所说的能澄清这一情况。
classify [ˈklæsɪfaI] vt.分类 【例】They classified these
books by subject.他们按学科将这些图书进行分类。
clay [kleI] n.黏土;泥土 【例】a clay pot一个陶罐
click [klɪk] v.点击(计算机用语);发出滴答声 n.滴答声
【例】click the mouse点击鼠标
clinic [ˈklɪnɪk] n.诊所 【例】The injured man was sent into
a nearby clinic.那个受伤的人被送进了附近的诊所。
clumsy [ˈklʌmzi] adj. 笨拙的;不得体的 【例】It’s not easy
walking in these clumsy shoes.穿着这双笨重的鞋走路很困难。
coincidence [kəʊˈɪnsɪdəns] n.一致;巧合;同时发生的事情
【例】What a coincidence!太巧了!
colleague [ˈkɒliːɡ] n.同事 【例】David and I are
colleagues.我和戴维是同事。
collision [kəˈlɪʒn] n.碰撞;冲突 【例】a collision between
two trains两列火车相撞
comedy [ˈkɒmədi]
comedian (n. 喜剧演员)
【例】 I really like to watch some of the old comedy shows.
我真想看一些以前的喜剧表演。
commercial [kəˈmɜːʃl] adj. 商业的,贸易的 n. 商业广告
【例】 The research findings report commercial rather than political
trends. 这些研究结果反映了商业趋势而非政治趋势。
committee [kəˈmɪti]
subcommittee(n. (大委员会内的)小组委员会〕
【例】The committee has decided to set up another
company.委员会决定再开一家公司。
communism [ˈkɒmjunɪzəm] n.共产主义 【例】the Principles of
Communism共产主义原理
communist [ˈkɒmjənɪst] n.共产主义者
adj.共产党的,共产主义的 【例】a communist country共产主义国家
compass [ˈkʌmpəs] v.包围 n.指南针 【例】magnetic
compass磁盘指南针
compensate [ˈkɒmpenseɪt] v.补偿,赔偿
【参】compensation(n. 补偿,赔偿;赔偿物,赔偿金)
【例】The insurance company will compensate you for your
losses.保险公司会赔偿你的损失。
competence [ˈkɒmpɪtəns] n.能力 【例】No one doubts his
competence as a teacher.大家都相信他能胜任老师的工作。
complex [ˈkɒmpleks]
complicated (adj.
复杂的,难解的);intricate (adj.
复杂的,错综的);involved (adj. 棘手的);knotty (adj.
棘手的,困难多的) simple (adj. 简单的,简易的)
【例】Life is getting more and more complex.生活正变得越来越复杂。
component [kəmˈpəʊnənt] n.成分;零部件 【例】This factory
manufactures components for the car
industry.该工厂为汽车制造业生产零部件。
compromise [ˈkɒmprəmaɪz] v.妥协,折中 【例】I would rather
die than compromise.我宁死不屈。
concrete [ˈkɒŋkriːt] adj.具体的;有形的 n.混凝土 【例】The
scientist had no concrete data to support his
theory.这位科学家没有具体的数据来支持自己的理论。
condemn [kənˈdem] vt.谴责,声讨 【例】We condemned him for
his bad conduct.我们谴责他行为不检点。
conductor [kənˈdʌktə]
n.管理人;指导者;售票员,列车员;乐队指挥 【例】The bus conductor
always gives passengers a sweet
smile.那名公交车售票员总会对乘客甜美地微笑。
confidential [ˌkɒnfɪˈdenʃl] adj.极受信任的;秘密的
【例】Charles was accused of leaking national confidentialinformation to
foreign countries.查尔斯被指控向外国泄露国家机密。
conflict [ˈkɒnflɪkt] n.斗争,冲突 [ˈkɒnflɪkt]
n. 冲突 [kənˈflɪkt] vi. 冲突,抵触 【例】an armed
conflict武装冲突
conscience [ˈkɒnʃəns] n.道德心,良心 【例】My conscience
made me tell the truth.在良心的驱使下我说了实话。
consensus [kənˈsensəs]
unanimity(n. 全体一致)
【例】The students were all in consensus about where to
goswimming.学生们就去哪儿游泳达成了一致。
constitution [ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃn]
construct [kənˈstrʌkt] vt.构筑;建造 【例】The workers
constructed a fountain in the town
square.工人们在小镇的广场上建造了一座喷泉。
consultant [kənˈsʌltənt] n.顾问;会诊医师
【参】consult(v.咨询,请教)
consume [kənˈsjuːm] vt.消耗;消费 【例】They say children
are consuming more meat and soft drinksthan
before.他们说和从前相比,孩子们肉吃得更多,饮料也喝得更多了。
【参】consumer(n. 消费者;用户);consumption(n.消费);consumerism
(n. 消费主义)
continent [ˈkɒntɪnənt]
continental (adj. 欧洲大陆的
n. 欧洲人) 【例】Australia is a dry continent, second only to Antarctic
in its lack of rainfall.
澳大利亚是一片干燥的大陆,降水量之少仅次于南极洲,位居世界第二。
contradict [ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkt] v.同…矛盾,同…抵触 【例】The
facts contradict his theory.事实与他的理论相悖。
【参】contradictor(n.反驳者,抵触者)
contradictory [ˌkɒntrəˈdɪktəri] adj.相互矛盾的;不一致的
【例】The two statements are obviously
contradictory.这两种说法显然是相互矛盾的。
controversial [ˌkɒntrəˈvɜːʃl] adj.争论的,争议的 【例】a
controversial issue有争议的问题
conventional [kənˈvenʃənl] adj.惯例的,传统的;常规的
【参】convention
n. 大会,会议;惯例,常规,习俗;公约,协定 【例】a conventional
design传统样式
convey [kənˈveI] vt.搬运;传播;传达;传递 【例】His words
conveyed a sense of anger.他的话表明他生气了。
correspond [ˌkɒrəˈspɒnd]
correspondence(n. 通信,信件;符合,一致;对应)corresponding
(adj. 相应的) 【例】The two poets corresponded for many
years.这两位诗人相互通信已有多年。
cosy [ˈkəʊzi] (美cozy)adj.暖和舒服的;舒适的 【例】The
poor man feels warm and cozy when he sits in the
sofa.那个穷人坐在沙发里感到既温暖又舒适。
cottage [ˈkɒtɪdʒ] n.小屋;村舍;小别墅 【例】a holiday
cottage度假小别墅
crash [kræʃ]
crayon [ˈkreɪən] n.蜡笔;蜡笔画 【例】crayon drawing
paper蜡笔画纸
cream [kriːm] n.奶油;乳脂 【例】an ice
cream冰激凌
crew [kruː] n.全体船员,全体人员 【例】The director ordered
his crew to stop filming.导演命令全体工作人员停止拍摄。
criterion [kraɪˈtɪəriən] n.(pl.criteria)标准,规则
【例】What are the criteria for hiring the new
employees?招聘新员工的标准是什么?
cube [kjuːb] n.立方体,立方
【参】cubic(adj.立方体的)
cuisine [kwɪˈziːn] n.烹饪,烹饪术;菜肴 【例】Chinese
cuisine中国菜
cupboard [ˈkʌbəd] n.碗柜,橱柜
curious [ˈkjʊəriəs] adj.好奇的;奇异的
【参】curiously(adv.好奇地)curiosity(n.好奇,好奇心,稀奇之物)
currency [ˈkʌrənsi]
curriculum [kəˈrɪkjələm] n.课程 【例】My high school has a
good mathematics curriculum.我所在的高中开设的数学课很不错。
cushion [ˈkʊʃn] n.垫子 【例】Amy sat on a
cushion.埃米坐在一张垫子上。
customs [ˈkʌstəmz] n.海关;关税 【例】customs
station海关
dash [dæʃ]
database [ˈdeɪtəbeɪs] n.资料库,数据库 【例】The young
researcher discovered some useful information inthe
database.那个年轻的研究员在资料库里发现了一些有用的信息。
dawn [dɔːn] n.黎明,拂晓 【例】Dawn breaks.破晓。
deadline [ˈdedlaɪn] n.最后期限,截止日期 【例】Professor
Smith is working on the project day and night tomeet the
deadline.史密斯教授夜以继日地工作,希望能在最后期限内完成这一项目。
debate [dɪˈbeɪt] n./v.讨论,辩论 【例】political
debate政治辩论
decade [ˈdekeɪd]
decoration [ˌdekəˈreɪʃn] n.装饰,修饰;勋章 【例】The
soldier’s jacket was heavy with military
decorations.那个士兵的军装上挂满了勋章。
deed [diːd] n.行为,事迹 【例】moral deeds道德行为
delete [dɪˈliːt] vt.删除 【例】I deleted her name from the
guest list.我把她的名字从客人名单上删掉了。
deliberately [dɪˈlɪbərətli] adv.故意地 【例】Tom
deliberately spilled his coffee on my
shirt.汤姆故意将咖啡洒到了我的衬衫上。
delicate [ˈdelɪkət] adj.精巧的,精致的;易碎的,脆弱的
【例】a delicate vase精致的花瓶
delight [dɪˈlaɪt] n.快乐,乐事 vt.使高兴,使快乐
【参】delighted(adj.高兴的,快乐的)
dentist [ˈdentɪst] n.牙科医生 【例】Is he a good
dentist?他是一名好牙医吗?
deposit [dɪˈpɒzɪt] n./v.存(款);堆积 【例】She deposited
her money in the bank.她把钱存入了银行。
depth [depθ] n.深,深度 【例】a3,000-meter depth of
ice3000米厚的冰层
desperate [ˈdespərət] adj.令人绝望的;不顾一切的 【例】a
desperate soldier一名绝望的士兵
dessert [dɪˈzɜːt] n.甜点,(餐后)甜食 【例】Western people
have the custom of eating dessert after
meals.西方人有饭后吃甜点的习惯。
destination [ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn]
diagram [ˈdaɪəɡræm] n.图表,图样 【例】The diagram helped
me assemble the bike.这张图样帮助我组装了自行车。
digest [daɪˈdʒest][ˈdaIdʒest] v.消化;领会
n.摘要,概要;文摘 【例】digest the food消化食物
【参】digestion(n.消化)digestive(adj.
消化的;和消化有关的)absorb (vt.
吸收,吸引);comprehend (v. 领会,理解)
digital [ˈdɪdʒɪtl] adj.数字的,数码的 【例】digital
camera数码相机
dilemma [daɪˈlemə] n.进退两难的局面(地雷嘛) 【例】The
boss was in a dilemma.老板进退维谷。
dimension [daɪˈmenʃn]
dimensional(adj. …度空间的,…维的) 【例】What are
the dimensions of the painting?这幅画多大?
dinosaur [ˈdaɪnəsɔː] n.恐龙 【例】The dinosaurs were on the
earth for over160million
years.恐龙在地球上生存了一亿六千多万年。
dioxide [daɪˈɒksaɪd] n.二氧化物 【例】carbon
dioxide二氧化碳
diploma [dɪˈpləʊmə] n.毕业文凭(或证书);资格证书
【例】college diploma大学文凭
directory [dəˈrektəri] n.姓名地址录;公司名录;电话薄
【例】Directory Assistance电话号码查询服务
disability [ˌdɪsəˈbɪləti] n.残疾;无能 【例】John’s
physical disability does not affect his working ability
atall.约翰身体上的残疾丝毫没有影响他的工作能力。
disappoint [ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt] v.(使)失望 【例】Tom did not
want to disappoint his parents.汤姆不想让他的父母失望。
【参】disappointment(n.失望);disappointing(adj.令人失望的);disap-pointed(adj.失望的)
discourage [dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒ] vt.使气馁,打消(念头) 【例】The
loss of the game discouraged the whole
team.比赛的失败使整支队伍垂头丧气。
【参】discouraged(adj.沮丧的,气馁的);discouraging(adj.令人气馁的)
discrimination [dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn] n.歧视 【例】Certain kinds
of discrimination are illegal. 某些歧视是违法的。
disgusting [dɪsˈgʌstɪŋ] adj.令人讨厌的 【例】disgusting
food令人厌恶的食物
distribute [dɪˈstrɪbjuːt] vt.
分发,分配,分送;散布,分布;分类,分区 【参】distribution
(n. 分配;分布) 【例】Fat on human beings is distributed in different
ways.脂肪以不同的形式分布在人体内。
diverse [daɪˈvɜːs] adj.不同的,多种多样的 【例】diverse
flowers不同的花
division [dɪˈvɪʒn]
divisional (adj. 分开的) 【例】A wall with flowers
forms a division between her garden
andmine.一堵花墙将我的花园和她的分隔开来。
dizzy [ˈdɪzi] adj.头晕目眩的 【例】The room was so hot that
he felt dizzy.房间里热得让他感到头晕目眩。
dot [dɒt] n.点,圆点
download [ˌdaʊnˈləʊd] n./vt.下载(计算机用语)
【例】download the game下载游戏
draft [drɑːft]
drawback [ˈdrɔːbæk] n.缺点;障碍 【例】Everything has its
drawbacks.凡事都有不足之处。
drier [ˈdraɪə] (=dryer)n.烘干机,吹风机
【参】dry(v.干燥)
drill [drɪl] v.钻(孔);重复训练 n.钻头;(反复的)训练
【例】drill a hole in the ice在冰上钻个孔
duck [dʌk] n.鸭子 v.躲避;浸入水中 【例】a cooked
duck煮熟的鸭子
dull [dʌl] adj.单调无味的;阴暗的;迟钝的;乏味的;阴沉的
【例】They think science is difficult and
dull.他们认为理科难学而且枯燥无味。
dustbin [ˈdʌstbɪn] n.垃圾箱 【例】The garbage was thrown
away into the dustbin in the
street.垃圾被扔进了街上的垃圾箱里。
dynamic [daɪˈnæmɪk]
adj.有活力的;动力的;动态的;精力充沛的 【参】active
(adj. 积极的,活动的,活跃的)static (adj.
静态的,静止的) 【例】He is a dynamic person.他充满活力。
dynasty [ˈdɪnəsti] n.朝代,王朝 【例】The Tang Dynasty was
the golden age of classical
Chinesepoetry.唐朝是中国古诗的鼎盛时期。
ecology [iˈkɒlədʒi] n.生态学
edition [Iˈdɪʃn] n.(发行物的)版,版本 【例】A new edition
of the dictionary is coming out
soon.这本字典的新版马上就要面世了。
eggplant [ˈeɡplɑːnt] n.茄子
elect [Iˈlekt] vt.(投票)选举 【例】Tom was elected
chairman of the Students’Union.汤姆被选为学生会主席。
【参】elected(adj.当选的)
electronic [Iˌlekˈtrɒnɪk] adj.电子的
【参】electronically(adv.电子地)electric(adj.电的)
elegant [ˈelɪɡənt] adj.文雅的,雅致的 【例】This elegant
luggage is manufactured by LV.这个精巧的旅行箱由LV公司制造。
embassy [ˈembəsi]
emperor [ˈempərə] n.皇帝 【例】But the Emperor has nothing
on!可是皇帝什么也没穿呀!
encouragement [Inˈkʌrɪdʒmənt]
n.鼓励,支持,促进;起激励作用的事物
engineer [ˌendʒɪˈnɪə] n.工程师;技师
enlarge [Inˈlɑːdʒ] v.扩大,放大(照片) 【例】The
photographer enlarged my photograph.摄影师放大了我的照片。
enquiry [Inˈkwaɪəri] n.询问
【参】enquire(v.询问)
enterprise [ˈentəpraɪz] n.企业,事业 【例】Monica manages a
publishing enterprise.莫妮卡管理一家出版社。
entertainment [ˌentəˈteɪnmənt]
n.娱乐;娱乐表演;招待,款待;娱乐(业);供消遣的事物 【例】There will
be live entertainment through the day.现场表演将持续一整天。
equality [iˈkwɒləti] n.平等,同等,均等 【例】These women
were fighting for the equality between men
andwomen.这些女性在为争取男女平等而斗争。
【参】equalization(n.平等化)
equip [Iˈkwɪp] vt.(equipped,
equipped,equipping)装备,配备;使有能力,使有准备
【参】equipment(n.装备,设备)
erupt [Iˈrʌpt] v.(火山等)喷发,爆发 【例】No people
expected the volcano to erupt again.没有人预料到这座火山会再次喷发。
【参】eruption(n.喷发)
evaluate [Iˈvæljueɪt] vt.评价;估计 【例】We evaluated the
students’skills on the basis of test
results.我们根据测试的结果来评估学生们的能力。
eventually [Iˈventʃuəli] adv.最终地 【例】Our flight
eventually left five hours late.我们的航班最终晚了五小时起飞。
evolution [ˌevəˈluːʃn] n.进展,演变,进化 【例】Darwin’s
theory of evolution达尔文的进化论
expectation [ˌekspekˈteɪʃn] n.预料;期望 【例】There was a
strong expectation that our representatives wouldwin in this
contest.大家坚信我们的代表队会在这次竞赛中获胜。
expense [Ikˈspens]
explanation [ˌekspləˈneɪʃn] n.解释,说明 【例】The most
likely explanation for Jack’s absence was that his carhad been delayed
by traffic.杰克缺席最可能的原因是他遇到了交通阻塞。
explicit [Ikˈsplɪsɪt] adj.清楚的;直率的 【例】I gave Bill
explicit instructions.我给了比尔明确的指示。
explore [Ikˈsplɔː]
explorer(n.探险者,探险家) exploration
(n. 探险;探究);exploratory (adj. 探索的,探测的)
expose [Ikˈspəʊz] vt.暴露;揭露 【例】Some chemicals cannot
be exposed tothe sun.一些化学物质不能暴露在阳光下。
extension [Ikˈstenʃn]
facial [ˈfeɪʃl] adj.面部用的;面部的,表面的 【例】a facial
cream面霜
fade [feɪd] v.褪色;使消退;枯萎 【例】The colour of this
silk material will not fade.这种绸布料子不会褪色。
faith [feɪθ] n.信仰,信念;信任 【例】He has lost faith in
the government.他已经不再信任政府了。
【参】faithful(adj.忠实的)
fancy [ˈfænsi] adj.奇特的;空想的;别致的;有精美装饰的
n.空想,假想;想象力;喜欢,想要;爱好 vt.(fancied, fancied,
fancying)想象;想要;想做 【例】a fancy dress ball 化装舞会 // Maureen
tiptoed around the room in her fancy shoes.
莫林穿上她那双精致的鞋,踮着脚尖在房间里走来走去。// She tries to fancy
what the flame of a candle looks like after the candle is blown out.
在蜡烛被吹灭后,她努力地想象烛焰的样子。
fantasy [ˈfæntəsi] n.幻想,白日梦 【例】The young man lives
in a world of fantasy.这个年轻人生活在幻想之中。
【参】fantastic(adj.极好的,美妙的;奇异的)
fasten [ˈfɑːsn] v.扎牢,扣住 【例】Please fasten your seat
belt well.请系紧您的安全带。
feast [fiːst] n.盛宴;节日;令人愉悦的事情 【例】give a
feast举行宴会
federal [ˈfedərəl] adj.中央的(政府等),联邦的
【例】Switzerland is a federal republic.瑞士是联邦制共和国。
female [ˈfiːmeɪl] adj.女性的,雌性的 n.女性,女人
ferry [ˈferi] n.渡船 【例】A ferry crosses the river every
hour.每小时有一条渡船过河。
fiction [ˈfɪkʃn] n.小说;虚构,杜撰 【例】For years he has
kept writing fiction.多年来他坚持写小说。
finance [ˈfaɪnæns] vt. 为…提供资金 n. 财政,金融;[常pl.]
财务情况 【参】financial(adj.
财政的,金融的);financially(adv. 财政上,金融上)
【例】People who work in banks know about
finance.在银行工作的人懂金融。
fingernail [ˈfɪŋɡəneɪl] n.手指甲 【例】My fingernails need
cutting.我的手指甲该剪了。
fireworks [ˈfaɪəwɜːks] n.烟火 【例】In the evening, people
went out and saw beautiful
fireworksdisplay.晚上,人们出去看漂亮的烟火表演。
flashlight [ˈflæʃlaɪt] n.手电筒;闪光信号 【例】The hunter
shone a flashlight on the coming person’s
face.猎人把手电筒的光打在了对面过来的那个人脸上。
flee [fliː] v.(fled, fled, fleeing)逃走,逃跑 【例】The
customers fled from the bank when the alarm
sounded.报警器响起时,顾客们纷纷从银行跑了出来。
flexible [ˈfleksəbl] adj.柔软的,灵活的 【例】a flexible
schedule灵活的时间表
float [fləʊt] v.漂浮,浮动 【例】The boat floated down the
river.小船顺流而下。
fluency [ˈfluːənsi] n.流利,流畅 【例】fluency of
speech口齿伶俐
forbid [fəˈbɪd] v.(forbade, forbidden,
forbidding)禁止,不许 【例】Smoking is forbidden in the concert
hall.音乐厅内禁止吸烟。
foresee [fɔːˈsiː] vt.(foresaw, foreseen,
foreseeing)预见,预知 【参】predict (v.
预言,预测);foretell (vt. 预言,预示) 【例】The
difficulties couldn’t have been foreseen.这些困难无法预见。
fork [fɔːk] n.叉;餐叉 【例】a fork and
knife一副刀叉
format [ˈfɔːmæt] vt. 使格式化 n. 安排,计划;版式;格式
【参】formation (n. 构成);formative (adj.
形成的) 【例】It’s the same book, but a new
format.这是同一本书,不过是新版式。
former [ˈfɔːmə] adj.以前的,从前的;(两者之中的)前者
【参】formerly (adv. 从前,以前) 【例】He went on to his
former residence.他继续向他以前的住所走去。
fortnight [ˈfɔːtnaɪt] n.两星期 【例】In a fortnight’s time
I will be home. 两星期后我会回家的。
fountain [ˈfaʊntən] n.喷泉;源泉 【例】The library is a
fountain of information.图书馆是信息的源泉。
fragile [ˈfrædʒaɪl] adj.易碎的,脆的 【例】The thin glass
is fragile.薄玻璃容易碎。
fragrant [ˈfreɪɡrənt] adj.香的,芬芳的
【参】fragrance(n.芳香,香味,香水) 【例】The air in the
garden was fragrant.花香满园。
framework [ˈfreɪmwɜːk] n.框架,结构 【例】This bridge over
the river has a steel framework.这座跨江大桥是钢结构的。
friction [ˈfrɪkʃn] n.摩擦;摩擦力 【例】There is some
friction among the family members.家庭成员间有些摩擦。
frontier [ˈfrʌntɪə] n.国境,边界;前线 【例】a frontier
town边疆城市
fundamental [ˌfʌndəˈmentl] adj.基础的,基本的 【例】a
fundamental law根本法则;基本定律
funeral [ˈfjuːnərəl] n.葬礼 【例】attend a
funeral参加丧礼
gallery [ˈɡæləri] n.画廊,美术品陈列室 【例】The man has
been running the gallery
for15years.这个人经营这家画廊已经15年了。
gallon [ˈɡælən] n.加仑(液体容量单位) 【例】This barrel
can hold50gallons of water.这个桶可以装50加仑的水。
garlic [ˈɡɑːlɪk] n.大蒜 【例】We have garlic, sesame and
mustard sauce.我们有大蒜、芝麻和芥末酱。
garment [ˈɡɑːmənt] n.衣服,外衣 【例】Wash dark-coloured
garments separately.把深色衣服分开洗。
gay [ɡeI] adj.快活的,愉快的 n.(男)同性恋 【例】The
children were all gay at the thought of the
comingholidays.孩子们一想到即将来临的假日,都很高兴。
geometry [dʒiˈɒmətri]
giraffe [dʒəˈrɑːf] n.长颈鹿 【例】The tallest animal is the
giraffe on the land. 陆地上最高的动物是长颈鹿。
glare [ɡleə] v.瞪眼,怒目而视;闪耀 n.强光 【例】Light from
headlights of the car was glaring in the
darkness.汽车前灯发出的灯光在黑暗中闪耀着。
goods [ɡʊdz] n.商品,货物 【例】name-brand
goods名牌商品
goose [ɡuːs] n.(pl.geese)鹅 【例】goose
lump鸡皮疙瘩
gradual [ˈɡrædʒuəl] adj.逐渐的,渐进的 【例】a gradual
change逐渐的变化 【参】gradually(adv.逐渐地)
grand [ɡrænd] adj.宏伟的,盛大的 【例】grand
opening隆重开业
graph [ɡræf] n.图表,曲线图 【例】What does the graph
show?这张图表显示了什么?
grateful [ˈɡreɪtfl] adj.感激的,感谢的 【例】We are
grateful to you for your advice.我们非常感激你的建议。
gravity [ˈɡrævəti] n.地心引力,重力 【例】The surface
gravity on Mars is only about38%of the surfacegravity on
Earth.火星的地面重力只有地球地面重力的约38%。
greengrocer [ˈɡriːnɡrəʊsə] n.蔬菜水果商
grill [ɡrɪl] n.(烧食物的)烤架;烤肉 【例】Put the meat on
a hot grill to burn for five minutes.把肉放在烤架上烤5分钟。
grocer [ˈɡrəʊsə] n.零售商人;食品店 【例】His father was a
grocer.他父亲是一名杂货商。
grocery [ˈɡrəʊsəri] n.杂货;食品;食品杂货店 【例】The girl
was employed at the grocery store as a
cashier.女孩在食品杂货店当收银员。
gymnastics [dʒɪmˈnæstɪks] n.体操,体育 【例】A worldwide
gymnastics competition were held in New
Yorkin2011.2011年,纽约举办了一场国际性的体操比赛。
haircut [ˈheəkʌt] n.(男子)理发;发型 【例】I think I need
a haircut.我想我该理发了。
hardship [ˈhɑːdʃɪp] n.困难,艰辛 【例】The novel shows the
hardship of her childhood.小说讲述了她童年时期的艰苦生活。
harmony [ˈhɑːməni] n.协调,融洽 【例】We live together in
harmony.我们和睦地住在一起。
【参】harmonious(adj.和谐的,和睦的)
hatch [hætʃ]
design (vt. 筹划,构思);devise (vt.
策划,图谋);scheme (v. 计划,策划) 【例】Nearly all
eggs have hatched.几乎所有的蛋都孵出了小鸡。
headline [ˈhedlaɪn] n.(报刊的)大字标题;[pl.]头条新闻
【例】Have you read the headlines of today’s
paper?你看今天报纸的头条新闻了吗?
headmistress [ˌhedˈmɪstrəs] n.女校长 【例】Lucy was asked
to account for her wrongdoing by
theheadmistress.露西被女校长叫去,解释她做的错事。
hearing [ˈhɪərɪŋ] n.听力 【参】hear(v.听)
【例】You had a problem with your hearing.你的听力有问题。
helmet [ˈhelmɪt] n.头盔 【例】You’d better wear a helmet
when you ride your motorcycle.骑摩托车时最好戴上头盔。
herb [hɜːb] n.草药
holy [ˈhəʊli] adj.神圣的 【例】holy war圣战
hook [hʊk] n.钩子 vt.钩住,用钩子挂 【例】He hung his coat
on the hook.他把大衣挂在了钩子上。
howl [haʊl] v.嚎叫,嚎哭 【例】The dog was howling in the
yard.狗在院子里嚎叫。
hurricane [ˈhʌrɪkən] n.飓风 【例】The hurricane destroyed
our homes.飓风毁掉了我们的家园。
hydrogen [ˈhaɪdrədʒən] n.氢 【例】Water contains hydrogen
and oxygen.水中含有氢和氧。
identification [aɪˌdentɪfɪˈkeɪʃn] n.辨认,鉴定;身份证明
【例】Let me see your identification card.让我看看你的身份证。
immigration [ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃn] n.移民 【例】There are strict
controls on immigration into this
country.这个国家对移民有严格的限制。
import [Imˈpɔːt][ˈImpɔːt] vt.进口,输入 n.进口,输入
【例】We have to import crude oil to meet growing
demand.我们不得不进口原油以满足日益增长的需求。
impression [Imˈpreʃn]
impressive(adj.给人深刻印象的)
independence [ˌɪndɪˈpendəns]
initial [Iˈnɪʃl] adj. 最初的,开始的;词首的
n. 词首大写字母 【参】initially (adv. 最初,开始)
【例】After he’d overcome his initial shyness, he became
veryfriendly.他克服了开始的羞涩之后,变得非常友好。
inspire [Inˈspaɪə] v.鼓舞,激励;启示 【例】I was inspired
to work harder by her.她激励了我更加努力地工作。
【参】inspired(adj.得到灵感的)
institution [ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃn]
insure [Inˈʃʊə] v.确保;给…保险 【例】My house is insured
against fire.我的房子上了火险。
【参】insurance(n.保险)
interval [ˈɪntəvl] n.间歇,间隔;幕间休息 【例】You should
visit the dentist at regular intervals.你应该定期去看牙医。
irrigation [ˌɪrɪˈɡeɪʃn] n.灌溉 【例】Irrigation needs lots
of water.灌溉需要大量的水。
jet [dʒet] v.喷射 n.喷气式飞机;喷射(器) 【例】The spring
jetted out.泉水喷涌而出。
jog [dʒɒɡ] v.(jogged, jogged, jogging)慢跑 【例】She
likes doing jogging in the morning.她喜欢早上慢跑。
jungle [ˈdʒʌŋɡl] n.丛林,密林 【例】There are many
poisonous snakes in the jungle.丛林里有许多毒蛇。
kangaroo [ˌkæŋɡəˈruː] n.大袋鼠 【例】The kangaroo is a
native of Australia. 袋鼠原产于澳大利亚。
kindergarten [ˈkɪndəɡɑːtn] n.幼儿园 【例】My part-time job
is to look after children at a
kindergarten.我在一所幼儿园做兼职,负责照看小孩子。
lamb [læm] n.羔羊;羔羊肉 【例】There were several white
lambs around the sleeping
sheep.在这只睡着的羊的周围有几只小白羊。
lame [leɪm] adj.跛的;残废的 【例】the lame person
跛子
lantern [ˈlæntən] n.灯笼
laundry [ˈlɔːndri] n.洗衣店;要洗的衣服 【例】I have some
shirts to send to the laundry.我有几件衬衣要送到洗衣店去洗。
league [liːɡ] n.联盟,社团 【例】National Football
League国际足球联盟
liberation [ˌlɪbəˈreɪʃn] n.解放 【例】the African
liberation movements非洲解放运动
liberty [ˈlɪbəti]
librarian [laɪˈbreəriən] n.图书管理员,图书馆馆长
litter [ˈlɪtə] v.乱丢杂物 【例】The park was littered with
beer cans.公园里,啤酒罐丢得到处都是。
loaf [ləʊf] n.一条(面包) 【例】Please get me a loaf of
bread from the nearest bakery. 请帮我到最近的面包店买一条面包。
lounge [laʊndʒ] n.休息厅,休息室
maid [meɪd] n.女仆;少女 【例】The charming maid was
writing information when customersgot back to the
hotel.当客人们回到旅馆的时候,那个漂亮的少女正在登记信息。
maple [ˈmeɪpl] n.枫树 【例】Many maples were planted in the
park to attract visitors.为了吸引游客,公园里种植了很多枫树。
marathon [ˈmærəθən] n.马拉松 【例】Radcliffe won her first
marathon title in the New York
CityMarathon.拉德克利夫在纽约市马拉松比赛中赢得了自己的第一个马拉松冠军。
marble [ˈmɑːbl] n.大理石 【例】The steps and the floor of
this building are made of
marble.这幢建筑物的楼梯和地板都是用大理石做的。
mask [mɑːsk] n.口罩,面罩(具);遮盖物 v.戴面具;掩饰
【例】A man wearing a mask robbed the
store.一个头戴面具的男子抢劫了这家商店。
mass [mæs] n.众多,大量;[pl.]群众
【参】massive(adj.巨大的)
mature [məˈtʃʊə] adj.成熟的,成年的
【参】maturity [məˈtʃʊərəti]
n. 成熟;完善,完备,准备就绪;到期(应付款)
【例】She’s very mature for her
age.相对于她的年龄而言,她已经很成熟了。
maximum [ˈmæksɪməm] n./adj.最大量(的),最大限度(的)
【例】The fine for disobeying the rule of road closures is a
maximumof$5,000.违反道路禁行令的最高罚金可达5000美元。
means [miːnz] n.方法,手段(单复数同形) 【例】Plants can
defend themselves by using both physical andchemical
means.植物可以用物理以及化学的方法保护自己。
medium [ˈmiːdiəm] adj.中间的,中等的 n.(pl.media)媒介
【例】The man is blond and of medium
height.那个男人一头金发,中等身材。
melon [ˈmelən] n.甜瓜 【例】The girl knew the boy would
like a slice of melon because shecould see his mouth
watering.女孩知道男孩想吃一块甜瓜,因为她看到他在流口水。
memorial [məˈmɔːriəl] n.纪念碑,纪念物 adj.纪念的
【例】There is a war memorial in the center of the
town.市中心有一座战争纪念碑。
merchant [ˈmɜːtʃənt] n.商人,生意人 adj.商业的,商人的
【例】Our city will have an open-air market for
merchants.我市将为商人建立一个露天市场。
merely [ˈmɪəli] adv.仅仅,只不过 【例】The store went
bankrupt merely in its first
year.这家商店仅仅开张一年就倒闭了。
mess [mes]
messy(adj.乱七八糟的)
microscope [ˈmaɪkrəskəʊp] n.显微镜
microwave [ˈmaɪkrəweɪv] n.微波
mineral [ˈmɪnərəl] n.矿物质,矿物
minimum [ˈmɪnɪməm] n.最小量,最小值 adj.最小的 【例】The
minimum you would pay for a double room in a centralarea is$50a person
in our city.我市中心地区的旅店双人间的最低价位是每位50美元。
【参】minimize(v.最小化)
minister [ˈmɪnɪstə] n.部长;牧师
ministry [ˈmɪnɪstri] n.(政府的)部门
minority [maɪˈnɒrəti] n.少数;少数民族 【例】Some people
want change, but they’re in the
minority.有些人想要变革,但他们只是少数人。
minus [ˈmaɪnəs] adj.负的;减去的 prep.减去 【例】The right
answer is minus6.正确答案是负6。
mist [mɪst] n.雾 【例】In the early morning, the green
hills were shrouded in mist. 清早,绿色的群山被蒙上了一层薄雾。
modem [ˈməʊdem] n.(计算机的)调制解调器 【例】Modem is an
important part of the personal computer.
调制解调器是个人电脑的重要组成部分。
monument [ˈmɒnjumənt] n.纪念碑,纪念物 【例】A monument was
erected in St Paul’s Cathedral to memorize agreat British
writer.圣保罗大教堂里竖立着一块纪念碑以纪念一位伟大的英国作家。
mop [mɒp] v.(mopped, mopped, mopping)用拖把拖地 n.拖把
【例】The nurse gently mopped the blood from the soldier’s woundafter he
was sent into the
ambulance.当士兵被送到救护车上之后,护士轻轻地擦去了他伤口上的血。
motto [ˈmɒtəʊ] n.箴言,格言 【例】Our team’s motto is“Be
the Best.”我们队的座右铭是“永争第一”。
mountainous [ˈmaʊntənəs] adj.多山的 【例】Mountain lions
live in mountainous areas of the western
UnitedStates.美洲狮生长在美国西部的多山地区。
mourn [mɔːn] v.哀痛;哀悼 【例】She is still mourning the
death of her father.她仍然在为父亲的逝世哀悼。
muddy [ˈmʌdi] adj.泥泞的,多泥的 【例】Jennie’s dirty shoes
made the clean floor all muddy.珍妮的脏鞋子把干净的地板弄得都是泥。
【参】mud(n.泥)
musical [ˈmjuːzɪkl] adj.音乐的,爱好音乐的 n.音乐剧
【例】musical instrument乐器
mustard [ˈmʌstəd] n.芥末,芥子粉 【例】Lily doesn’t like
mustard;it is too hot.莉莉不喜欢吃芥末,它太辣了。
mutton [ˈmʌtn] n.羊肉 【例】We had some roast mutton for
dinner last night.昨天晚餐我们吃了烤羊肉。
nationwide [ˌneɪʃnˈwaɪd] adj.全国性的;全国范围的
【例】Police carried out an nationwide manhunt to catch that
murder.警方展开了全国搜捕以抓捕凶手。
navy [ˈneɪvi] n.海军 【例】The navy was considering buying
ten new warships.海军正在考虑购买10艘新战舰。
negotiate [nɪˈɡəʊʃieɪt] v.谈判,协商 【例】They are
negotiating a new contract.他们正在就一份新的合同进行谈判。
noble [ˈnəʊbl] adj.高贵的,贵族的 【例】Jane was born in a
noble family.简出身于一个贵族家庭。
novelist [ˈnɒvəlɪst] n.小说家 【例】The young romantic
novelist had written many novels beforehe was
sick.这个年轻的浪漫主义小说家在生病之前已经写了很多小说。
numb [nʌm] adj.麻木的;失去知觉的 【例】It was so cold that
my hands were numb.天这么冷,我的手都冻僵了。
nutrition [njuˈtrɪʃn] n.营养;营养学
【参】nutritional (adj.
营养的);nutritionist
(n. 营养学家);nutritionally (adv.
在营养上);nutritious (adj.
有营养成分的,营养的);malnutrition (n. 营养不良)
nourishment (n. 营养;营养品);sustenance
(n. 食物,营养物) 【例】Good nutrition is
important.营养好很重要。
obtain [əbˈteɪn] vt.获得,得到 【例】Where did you obtain
such a thing?你从哪儿得到的这个东西?
obvious [ˈɒbviəs] adj.明显的,显而易见的 【例】The truth
may not always be obvious.真理并不总是显而易见的。
【参】obviously(adv.明显地)
occupation [ˌɒkjuˈpeɪʃn] n.职业,工作;占领,占据
【例】Please write your name, age and occupation on this
blankpaper.请把你的姓名、年龄和职业写在这张白纸上。
Oceania [ˌəʊʃiˈɑːniə] n.大洋洲
offence [əˈfens] (美offense)n.犯罪;过错;冒犯;攻击
【例】Carrying guns in China is an
offence.在中国持枪属违法行为。
offshore [ˌɒfˈʃɔː] adj./adv.近海的(地),向海的(地)
【例】an offshore wind离岸风
oilfield [ˈɔɪlfiːld] n.油田 【例】North Sea oilfields is
well known for its high production of
oil.北海油田以其高产油量而闻名。
optional [ˈɒpʃənl] adj.可选择的;随意的;选修的
【例】Evening classes are optional.晚上的课是选修课。
【参】option(n.选择、选择权)
oral [ˈɔːrəl] adj.口头的,口述的 【例】oral
English英语口语
orbit [ˈɔːbɪt] n.(天体等的)运行轨道 【例】The satellite
is in orbit around the earth.卫星在围绕地球的轨道上运行。
organ [ˈɔːɡən] n.器官 【例】Cancer can attack any of the
body’s organs.癌症可以侵袭身体的任何器官。
【参】organic(adj.器官的;有机的;组织的)
origin [ˈɒrɪdʒɪn] n.起源;由来 【例】What is the origin of
this saying?这句俗语从何而来?
【参】originate(v.起源);original(adj.原始的,最初的);originally(adv.最初,原先)
outcome [ˈaʊtkʌm]
outing [ˈaʊtɪŋ] n.远足;郊游 【例】It’s a pity that the
weather is bad for our outing
today.我们今天出去游玩天气却不好,真遗憾。
outline [ˈaʊtlaɪn] n.大纲,轮廓;要点,概要
vt.描绘轮廓;略述 【例】The little boy drew an outline of his
hand.小男孩画了自己手的轮廓。
outspoken [aʊtˈspəʊkən] adj.坦率的;直言不讳的 【例】He is
an outspoken critic of the government.他总是直言批评政府。
oval [ˈəʊvl] adv.椭圆(形)的 n.椭圆形(物);椭圆形跑道
【例】My daughter has an beautiful oval face, just like her
aunt.我女儿有一张漂亮的鹅蛋脸,就像她的姑姑一样。
overhead [ˌəʊvəˈhed] adj./adv.在头顶上;在空中
n. 天花板;营运费用 【例】A plane flew
overhead.飞机从头顶飞过。
overlook [ˌəʊvəˈlʊk] vt.俯瞰;远眺;忽略 【例】It’s a quiet
and comfortable hotel overlooking a
bay.这是一个安静、舒适的酒店,俯瞰着海湾。
overweight [ˌəʊvəˈweɪt] adj.过重的,超重的 【例】You are
overweight.你超重了。
oxygen [ˈɒksɪdʒən] n.氧;氧气 【例】We depend on oxygen to
live.我们依靠氧气生存。
Pacific [pəˈsɪfɪk] adj.太平洋的 【例】the Pacific
Ocean太平洋
paddle [ˈpædl] n.桨状物;蹼 v.划桨;戏水 【例】She stepped
into the canoe and picked up the
paddle.她登上独木舟,拿起了桨。
pancake [ˈpænkeɪk] n.薄煎饼 【例】Can we have pancakes for
breakfast today?我们今天早餐可以吃薄煎饼吗?
paperwork [ˈpeɪpəwɜːk] n.文书工作 【例】He is in charge of
paperwork in our company.他在我们公司负责文书工作。
paragraph [ˈpærəɡrɑːf] n.(文章的)段落 【例】How many
paragraphs are there in the passage?这篇文章有多少段?
parallel [ˈpærəlel]
particular [pəˈtɪkjələ] adj.
特殊的,特别的;特定的,个别的;详细的 n. 详情,细目,细节 【参】
particularity
(n. 特性;特殊性);particularly (adv. 特别,尤其)
【例】An auction is usually advertised beforehand with fullparticulars
of the articles to be
sold.拍卖会举办前会登出广告并会详细介绍拍卖品。
passer-by [ˌpɑːsəˈbaI] n.过客,过路人 【例】Police are
asking about passers-by who might have seen
theaccident.警察正在询问有可能目睹这起事故的路人。
pedestrian [pəˈdestriən] n.步行者,行人 【例】This area is
for pedestrians only.此处只许步行。
pension [ˈpenʃn]
pepper [ˈpepə] n.胡椒粉 【例】Would you like salt and
pepper?要加盐和胡椒粉吗?
perfume [ˈpɜːfjuːm] n.香味;香水 【例】They have several
different perfumes on sale.他们出售好几种香水。
permanent [ˈpɜːmənənt] adj.永久的,持久的
【参】permanency (n. 永存);permanently
(adv. 永久地) 【例】He wants a permanent
job.他想找个长久的工作。
personalization [ˌpɜːsənəlaɪˈzeɪʃn] n.个性化
【参】personalize(v.个性化)
personnel [ˌpɜːsəˈnel] n.人员,职员
【参】person(n.人) 【例】All personnel are given a
security badge.所有职员都有安全证。
pest [pest] n.害虫 【例】Gardeners use chemicals to kill
garden pests.园丁用化学药剂消灭园林害虫。
pesticide [ˈpestɪsaɪd] n.杀虫剂 pest + icide,农药
【例】The food is free of pesticides.
这些食物没有被杀虫剂污染。
petrol [ˈpetrəl] n.汽油 【例】We filled the car up with
petrol before the long journey.长途旅行前我们给车加满了汽油。
phenomenon [fəˈnɒmɪnən] n.(pl.phenomena)现象
n. 迹象;非凡的人(或事物) 【例】physical phenomenon物理现象
photographer [fəˈtɒɡrəfə] n.摄影师 【例】There are a lot of
photographers in the room.房间里有很多摄影师。
physician [fɪˈzɪʃn] n.(内科)医生 【例】Dr.Black has been
my physician for twenty
years.布莱克医生担任我的私人医生已经20年了。
physics [ˈfɪzɪks] n.物理(学) 【例】The main subjects I
studied at school included Chinese, maths,English, physics, chemistry
and
computer.我在学校的主修课程包括语文、数学、英语、物理、化学和计算机。
【参】physicist(n.物理学家)
pile [paɪl] v.堆积,积累 n.堆 【例】My work is piling
up.我的工作越堆越多。
pin [pɪn] vt.(pinned, pinned, pinning)钉住,别住
n.别针;胸针 【例】He pinned the announcement up on the bulletin
board.他把告示钉在公告栏上。
pint [paɪnt] n.(容量单位)品脱;一品脱啤酒 【例】There is
no beer at home.Let’s go to the bar for a
pint.我们去酒吧喝一品脱啤酒吧,家里没有啤酒了。
plug [plʌɡ] vt.(plugged, plugged,
plugging)把…塞住;接通电源 n.塞子,插头 【例】Could you plug the TV set
in, please?请你把电视机的电源插上好吗?
poison [ˈpɔɪzn] n.毒药 【例】These snakes’poison could kill
a person in ten minutes.这些蛇的毒液能在十分钟内置人于死地。
【参】poisonous(adj.有毒的;致命的)
pole [pəʊl] n.杆,电线杆;极 【例】These two men’s opinions
on this subject were at
oppositepoles.在这个问题上,这两个人的观点截然相反。
polish [ˈpɒlɪʃ] vv. 磨光,擦亮;使优美,润饰;改进
n. 擦光剂,上光蜡 【参】polished(adj. 磨光的,擦亮的)
【例】The novel written by an unknown young writer has beenpolished by a
famous
writer.一个不出名的年轻作者的小说已经被一位著名作家润色过了。
politician [ˌpɒləˈtɪʃn] n.政治家 【例】The mayor of New
York is a famous politician.纽约市市长是一位著名的政治家。
porridge [ˈpɒrɪdʒ] n.稀饭,粥
porter [ˈpɔːtə] n.(火车站或旅馆的)搬运工 【例】That
porter worked hard, but still earned a little
money.那个搬运工干活很努力,但是挣的钱仍然很少。
poster [ˈpəʊstə] n.海报,广告(画) 【例】Some workers put
up a poster outside the cinema advertisingthe film
Avatar.一些工人在电影院外面竖起海报为《阿凡达》做广告。
postpone [pəˈspəʊn] vt.推迟,延期 【例】I’m afraid we’ll
have to postpone our meeting.恐怕我们得推迟会议的时间。
pray [preI] v.祈祷,祈求 【例】Let us
pray.让我们祈祷吧。
prayer [preə] n.祈祷 【例】Jennifer’s husband arrived at
that very moment, as if it was inanswer to her prayer a minute
ago.珍妮弗的丈夫那时正好来了,就像她一分钟之前祈祷的那样。
precise [prɪˈsaɪs] adj.精确的,准确的 【例】The precise
details of the deal are still a
secret.这次交易的确切细节还是个秘密。
pregnant [ˈpreɡnənt] adj. 怀孕的,妊娠的;充满的 【例】She
is pregnant with her third child.她怀了第三个孩子。
premier [ˈpremiə] n.总理,首相 【例】vice
premier副总理
preparation [ˌprepəˈreɪʃn]
prescription [prɪˈskrɪpʃn] n.处方,药方 pre + scription
预先写好的脚本 拿到药房执行 【例】The doctor gave me a prescription for
some pills. 医生给我开了一些药丸。
presentation [ˌpreznˈteɪʃn] n.演示,演出;呈现,展示;陈述
【例】The clear, logical presentation of the minister’s
argumentsimpressed the
audience.总理条理清晰的演讲给听众留下了深刻的印象。
preserve [prɪˈzɜːv] vt.保护,保存;维持,保藏,贮存;保鲜
【参】preservative (n. 防腐剂)reserve(vt.
预订,预约;保留;储备 n. 储备(量);自然保护区) 【例】Store the
coffee in a cool, dark place to preserve its
flavour.把咖啡置于阴凉、避光处以保持其味道。
press [pres] vt.压,按 n.压,按;新闻界,出版社 【例】She
pressed the wrong key on the computer.她按错了计算机上的键。
【参】pressure(n.压迫;压力;压强)
previous [ˈpriːviəs] adj. 以前的;在…之前的;早先的,稍前的
【例】I already studied this in my previous
school.我在先前的学校已经学过这个了。
primitive [ˈprɪmətɪv] adj. 原始的,上古的;简单的,粗糙的
n. 原始人;原始事物 【例】Primitive man made himself primitive tools
from sharp stonesand animal bones.
原始人用尖石块和兽骨为自己制作原始的工具。
principle [ˈprɪnsəpl] n.原则;原理 【例】We adhere to the
principle that everyone should be
treatedfairly.我们必须坚持人人都应该被平等对待这一原则。
privilege [ˈprɪvəlɪdʒ]
privileged(adj. 有特权的) 【例】Some of the
prisoners are given special privileges.有的囚犯享有特权。
procedure [prəˈsiːdʒə]
profession [prəˈfeʃn] n.职业;专业;宣布,表白 【例】Law is
a very difficult profession.法律是一门很难的专业。
【参】professional(n.专业人员;adj.专业的,职业的);pre-professional(adj.职业前的,为从事职业做准备的)
programme [ˈprəʊɡræm] (美program)n.节目;项目
v.为…编制程序 【参】programmer(n.程序员)
pronunciation [prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn] n.发音
【参】pronounce(v.发音)
psychology [saɪˈkɒlədʒi] n.心理学
pulse [pʌls] n.脉搏;脉冲 v.搏动,跳动 【例】When he saw
his beloved girl, the boy’s heart pulsed
withexcitement.看到心爱的姑娘,男孩的心激动得怦怦直跳。
punctuation [ˌpʌŋktʃuˈeɪʃn] n.标点符号 【例】When writing a
composition, we must use
punctuation.写作文时,我们必须使用标点符号。
punishment [ˈpʌnɪʃmənt] n.惩罚,处罚 【例】The little child
was sent to his room to stand facing the wall asa
punishment.小男孩被送进屋里面壁而站以示惩罚。
purchase [ˈpɜːtʃəs] vt. 买,购买 n. 购买的物品 【参】
purchaser (n. 购买者,采购人) 【例】Milk of this brand
can be purchased in many
shops.这种牌子的牛奶在很多商店都可以买到。
pure [pjʊə] adj.纯的,不掺杂的 【例】pure
science纯科学(有别于应用科学)
【参】purely(adv.纯粹地;完全地)
pyramid [ˈpɪrəmɪd] n.角锥形;金字塔 【例】The Pyramids of
Egypt were built as tombs.埃及的金字塔是作为坟墓而被建的。
quake [kweɪk] n./vi.震动;颤抖 【例】Suddenly, the earth
began to quake.突然,大地开始震动起来。
qualification [ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃn]
qualify(v.使有资格) 【例】medical
qualification医学证书
questionnaire [ˌkwestʃəˈneə] n.调查表,问卷
【参】question(v.询问) questionary
(n. 调查表,问卷) 【例】I had to fill out a health questionnaire at
the doctor’s
office.我需要在医生的办公室里填写一张健康调查问卷。
queue [kjuː] vi.排队 n.行列,长队 【例】I hope people will
not jam but queue whenever and whereverthey
are.我希望无论何时何地人们都能够排队而不拥挤。
quilt [kwɪlt] n.被子
racial [ˈreɪʃl] adj.种族的 【例】They want to end racial
discrimination and to start racialequality in such areas as
employment.他们要消灭种族歧视,实行种族平等,例如在雇佣方面。
radiation [ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn] n.放射;放射物;放射疗法
【例】Radiation could be used for treating cancer and other
diseases.放射疗法能用来治疗癌症和其他疾病。
radioactive [ˌreɪdiəʊˈæktɪv] adj.放射性的 【例】People
should keep away from the radioactive
electronicequipment.人们应远离放射性电器。
radium [ˈreɪdiəm] n.镭 【例】Radium is a chemical
element.镭是一种化学元素。
rag [ræɡ] n.破布,抹布 【例】The man dressed in rags used
to be a millionaire.这个衣衫褴褛的人曾是百万富翁。
rainbow [ˈreɪnbəʊ] n.彩虹;幻想 【例】The rainbow not only
stands for the hope in trouble, but alsothe colourful
life.彩虹不仅代表了困境中的希望,还代表了多姿多彩的生活。
random [ˈrændəm] adj.随意的,任意的 【例】The black humour
is so popular because it’s random and keepsa distance from
reality.黑色幽默十分受欢迎,因为它自由随意,并且远离现实。
rate [reɪt] n.比率;价格;速度 v.估价;认为 【例】the death
rate 死亡率
raw [rɔː] adj.生的;未加工的 【例】These raw materials were
sent to a factory for making
clothes.这些原材料被送进一家工厂制作成衣物。
ray [reI] n.光辉,光线 【例】Although we were in great
trouble, there was still one small rayof
hope.尽管我们处在极大的困境之中,但是仍有一线希望。
razor [ˈreɪzə] n.剃须刀 【例】Lily is going to buy an
electric razor for her father
thisweekend.莉莉这个周末要去给爸爸买一个电动剃须刀。
rebuild [ˌriːˈbɪld] vt.重建 【例】After the divorce, it
took the poor woman very long time torebuild her
confidence.离婚后,那个可怜的女人花了很长时间才重建自信。
receipt [rɪˈsiːt] n.收据;收到,接收 【例】The receivers
have to sign their names on this paper toacknowledge
receipt.收货人得在这张纸上签名,表示货已收到。
reception [rɪˈsepʃn]
receptionist [rɪˈsepʃənɪst] n.接待员 【例】Mr.Yang went to
the hotel receptionist and got the key to
hisroom.杨先生到旅馆的接待员那里拿了他房间的钥匙。
recipe [ˈresəpi] n.食谱
recreation [ˌrekriˈeɪʃn] n.消遣,娱乐 【例】Basketball is
the usual recreation of them after school.篮球通常是他们放学后的娱乐。
【参】recreational(adj.消遣的;娱乐的)recreate〔v.
(使)得到休养;(使)得到娱乐〕
rectangle [ˈrektæŋɡl] n.长方形 adj.长方形的 【例】A square
is a special kind of rectangle, and it has all thecharacteristics of a
rectangle.正方形是一种特殊的长方形,它具有长方形的所有特征。
recycle [ˌriːˈsaɪkl] v.再循环,回收 【例】recycled
paper再生环保纸
referee [ˌrefəˈriː]
reference [ˈrefrəns]
refer (v. 提及) 【例】a reference book参考书
refresh [rɪˈfr eʃ] v.(使)精神振作;更新 【例】A cool
drink refreshed me after my long
walk.走了很长的一段路后,一杯凉爽的饮料让我恢复了精神。
【参】refreshing(adj.提神的;令人耳目一新的)
regulation [ˌreɡjuˈleɪʃn] n.规则,规章 【例】Under so many
rules and regulations, spending on officeequipment will be strictly
controlled.在这么多的规章制度下,在办公设备上的花费将会被严格控制。
relate [rɪˈleɪt] v.有关;涉及 【例】The symbols relate to
an earlier system.这些标志和早期的制度有关。
【参】related(adj.有关的,相关的)
relative [ˈrelətɪv] n.亲属,亲戚 adj.相对的;比较的
【例】I’m his only relative now.现在,我是他唯一的亲戚。
relevant [ˈreləvənt] adj.有关的 【例】That long answer is
not directly relevant to this
question.那个冗长的答案和这个问题没有直接关系。
religion [rɪˈlɪdʒən] n.宗教 【例】The law states that every
citizen has the right to believe in theirown
religion.法律规定,每个公民都有信仰其宗教的权利。
religious [rɪˈlɪdʒəs] adj.宗教的;虔诚的 【例】That old
woman was very religious, and she went to churchevery
Sunday.那个老妇人非常虔诚,每周日都去教堂做礼拜。
representative [ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv]
republic [rɪˈpʌblɪk] n.共和国
reputation [ˌrepjuˈteɪʃn] n.名誉,名声 【例】The engineer
of this company soon acquired a reputation as afirst-class
engineer.这家公司的工程师不久便得到了一流工程师的美誉。
reserve [rɪˈzɜːv] vt. 预订,预约;保留;储备
n. 储备(量);自然保护区 【例】I reserve the right to
disagree.我保留持不同意见的权利。
【参】reservation(n.预订;保留);reserved(adj.预订的;缄默的)
restriction [rɪˈstrɪkʃn] n.限制,约束 re + striction
【例】supply on restriction限制供应
【参】restrict(vt.限制,约束)
retell [ˌriːˈtel] vt.重讲,重复,复述 【例】The English
teacher asked the students to retell the story one
byone.英语老师让学生一个一个地复述故事。
revision [rɪˈvɪʒn] n.复习,温习;修订 【例】The writer made
some revisions to the novel before sending itto the
press.寄给出版社前,作者对小说做了一些修改。
revolution [ˌrevəˈluːʃn] n.革命,变革 【例】Industrial
Revolution工业革命
rewind [ˌriːˈwaɪnd] v.重绕;倒回(磁带等) 【例】Please
rewind the tape; the police want to listen to the strangesound
again.请把磁带倒回去,警察想再听一遍那个奇怪的声音。
rhyme [raɪm] n.韵,押韵 v.(使)押韵;作诗
ridiculous [rɪˈdɪkjələs] adj.荒谬的,可笑的 【例】a
ridiculous suggestion荒谬的建议
rigid [ˈrɪdʒɪd] adj.刚硬的;死板的;严格的 【例】rigid
disciplines严格的纪律
ripe [raɪp] adj.成熟的,熟的 【例】ripe old
age高龄
ripen [ˈraɪpən] v.(使)成熟 【例】These peaches are
ripened by the sun.这些桃子是被太阳晒熟的。
roast [rəʊst] v.烤(肉) 【例】The worker could feel his
skin beginning to roast under
thesun.在太阳底下,那个工人感到皮肤被烤得很烫。
robot [ˈrəʊbɒt] n.机器人 【例】The trivial housework was
done very well by this clever
robot.这个聪明的机器人把琐碎的家务做得特别好。
roll [rəʊl] v.滚动,打滚 n.面包圈;卷状物 【例】The dog
rolled in the mud.狗在泥地里打滚。
rooster [ˈruːstə] (英cock)n.公鸡 【例】Several days ago,
Lucy saw a report on television that a roostercould lay
eggs.几天前,露西在电视上看到一则报道:有一只公鸡可以下蛋。
rot [rɒt] v.(rotted, rotted, rotting)腐烂,腐败 【例】The
beams had rotted away.横梁已经腐烂了。
rough [rʌf] adj.粗糙的;粗略的
roundabout [ˈraʊndəbaʊt] adj.绕道的;不直接的
n.环形交叉路口;旋转木马 【例】a roundabout way of
traveling迂回的旅行路线
routine [ruːˈtiːn]
royal [ˈrɔɪəl] adj.王室的,皇家的;第一流的 【例】the royal
family王室,皇族
rubber [ˈrʌbə] n.橡皮;橡胶;合成橡胶 【例】The ball made
of rubber is more elastic than the ball made
ofiron.橡胶球比铁球有弹性。
rubbish [ˈrʌbɪʃ] n.垃圾;废物 【例】The corner of the room
was littered with rubbish.这间房间的角落里堆着垃圾。
rugby [ˈrʌɡbi] n.英式橄榄球 【例】The coach has chosen some
very strong rugby
players.教练已经选了一些特别健壮的橄榄球运动员。
ruin [ˈruːɪn] v.(使)毁坏;(使)毁灭 n.[pl.]废墟;遗迹
【例】Crops are ruined by the war.因为战争,庄稼被毁坏了。
sacred [ˈseɪkrɪd] adj.宗教的;庄严的,神圣的 【例】Cats
were sacred to the Egyptians in ancient
time.猫对于古埃及人来说是圣物。
sacrifice [ˈsækrɪfaɪs]
sacrificial (adj. 供奉的,献祭的,牺牲品的)
【例】Parents sacrifice themselves to their
children.家长为孩子奉献了自己的一切。
salute [səˈluːt] n./v.敬礼;致敬 【例】The players of
Rocket saluted the audience before leaving
thefield.火箭队的队员在离开赛场前向观众致意。
saucer [ˈsɔːsə] n.茶碟,茶托;小圆盘 【例】A beautiful
teacup should go with a same beautiful
saucer.漂亮的茶杯应放在同样漂亮的茶托上。
scar [skɑː] n.伤疤 【例】The forty years in prison had left
deep scars in his
spirit.40年的监狱生活在他的心里留下了很深的伤疤。
scare [skeə]
sceptical [ˈskeptɪkl] (美skeptical)adj.怀疑的,怀疑论的
【例】The sceptical student refused to accept the theory of
evolution.这个喜欢质疑的学生拒绝接受进化论。
scissors [ˈsɪzəz] n.[pl.]剪刀,剪子 【例】John cut the
paper with scissors.约翰用剪刀剪开了那张纸。
scratch [skrætʃ] v.抓,划破;乱涂 n.乱写;抓痕
【例】Because the puppy was scratching, I gave it a
bath.小狗不停地抓痒,所以我给它洗了个澡。
sculpture [ˈskʌlptʃə] n.雕塑(术),雕像 【例】Don’t touch
any of the sculptures at the
museum.不要触摸博物馆里的任何雕像。
seagull [ˈsiːɡʌl] n.海鸥 【例】The seagull is the angel
over the sea; it often skims the
water.海鸥是海上的天使,它经常掠过水面。
seaweed [ˈsiːwiːd] n.海草,海藻 【例】The swimmer was
entangled in seaweed and was saved by hispartner
fortunately.那名游泳者被海藻缠住了,幸运的是被他搭档救了。
section [ˈsekʃn] n.段;部分;部门;截面 【例】There is
heavy traffic on some sections of the
freeway.高速公路的某些路段发生了严重的交通堵塞。
security [sɪˈkjʊərəti]
secure(adj.安全的,可靠的)secure(adj.安全的)
semicircle [ˈsemisɜːkl] n.半圆
seminar [ˈsemɪnɑː] n.研究会,研讨会
session [ˈseʃn] n.会议;开庭;一段时间
severe [sɪˈvɪə] adj.严重的 【例】The victim of the war has
suffered severe brain
damage.这名战争的受害者大脑受到了严重的损伤。
shabby [ˈʃæbi] adj.破旧的,衣衫褴褛的;低劣的
shaver [ˈʃeɪvə] n.电动剃须刀 【例】The old man needs a new
electronic shaver, because the oldone is
broken.老人需要一个新的电动剃须刀,因为旧的已经坏了。
shelter [ˈʃeltə] n.掩蔽;隐蔽处;避难所 【例】a shelter for
the homeless无家可归者的收容所
shortly [ˈʃɔːtli] adv.不久 【例】Shortly afterwards, the
police stopped the car and both thieveswere
arrested.过了没有多久,警察截住了那辆汽车,两个贼都被捕了。
shrink [ʃrɪŋk] v.(shrank, shrunk或shrunk,
shrunken)收缩;缩短 【参】 shrinkage (n. 收缩;收缩程度)
【例】The pupils of the eyes will automatically shrink in strong
light.瞳孔在强光下会自动收缩。
shuttle [ˈʃʌtl]
n.(往返于两个定点之间的)车辆、飞机等;梭子 【例】She caught a shuttle
to Washington D.C.她搭上一辆开往华盛顿的往返公车。
sideways [ˈsaɪdweɪz] adj.斜向一边的 【例】The young boy
looked sideways at the charming princess at thedinner
table.在餐桌上,那位年轻的男孩斜着眼睛看那位迷人的公主。
signature [ˈsɪɡnətʃə]
silly [ˈsɪli] adj.傻的,愚蠢的 【例】The new employee’s
work is full of silly mistakes.这个新员工做的工作中处处是愚蠢的错误。
【参】silliness(n.愚蠢,糊涂)
sincerely [sɪnˈsɪəli] adv.真诚地
【参】sincere [sɪnˈsɪə(r)](adj. 真挚的,真诚的,诚恳的)
【例】Simon’s friends sincerely believe that Simon is the right personto
do this.西蒙的朋友们都真诚地相信西蒙是做这件事的合适人选。
slice [slaɪs] n.片,薄片 【例】Cut the meat into thin
slices and put them into the hot
oil.把肉切成薄片,然后把它们放进热油里。
slide [slaɪd] v.(slid, slid, sliding)滑行,滑动
n.幻灯片;滑道 【例】Some boys are sliding on the
ice.一些男孩正在溜冰。
slim [slɪm] adj. 苗条的;薄的 vi. 变苗条
【参】slender (adj. 苗条的,纤细的) 【例】In order to
become slim, she eats like a bird.为了变苗条,她吃得很少。
smog [smɒɡ] n.烟雾 【例】The luxurious house appeared in
smog and fire, and people inthe house were trying to get out of
it.那幢豪华的房子笼罩在烟雾与火海之中,房子里的人正在设法从里面出来。
sneaker [ˈsniːkə] n.[pl.]轻便运动鞋 【例】The employee went
to work, wearing old jeans and a pair
ofsneakers.那个职员穿着旧牛仔裤和运动鞋去上班了。
sneeze [sniːz] n./vi.打喷嚏 【例】The student caught a cold
and sneezed all morning.那个学生感冒了,整个上午都在打喷嚏。
sniff [snɪf] v.用力吸;嗅,闻 【例】She sniffed the drink
suspiciously.她怀疑地闻了闻饮料。
sob [sɒb] n./v.(sobbed, sobbed, sobbing)抽泣,呜咽地说
【例】Little Wendy started to sob when she couldn’t find her
mother.小温迪因为找不到妈妈而哭了起来。
socialism [ˈsəʊʃəlɪzəm] n.社会主义 【例】Socialism is a
national system in which there is no poverty,
noinequality.社会主义是一种国家制度,在这种制度下没有贫穷,没有不平等。
socialist [ˈsəʊʃəlɪst] n.社会主义者 adj.社会主义的
【例】Grandpa was a passionate socialist when he was
young.爷爷年轻的时候是一个热情的社会主义者。
socket [ˈsɒkɪt] n.插座,插孔;孔,穴 【例】a wall
socket墙上插座
solar [ˈsəʊlə] adj.太阳的 【例】solar system太阳系
sorrow [ˈsɒrəʊ] n.悲伤,悲痛 【例】To her great sorrow, her
dog died in a traffic
accident.她的爱犬死于车祸,为此她悲伤不已。
soul [səʊl] n.灵魂,心灵 【例】Do you believe that the soul
lives forever?你相信灵魂永生吗?
souvenir [ˌsuːvəˈnɪə] n.(旅游)纪念品,纪念物 【例】She
bought some souvenirs.她买了一些纪念品。
sow [səʊ] v.(sowed, sowed/sown, sowing)播种 【例】It is
important to remove weeds before sowing seeds in the
soil.播种前清除杂草很重要。
spade [speɪd] n.铲子;纸牌中的黑桃(四倍的
用铲子四倍的力气) 【例】The soldiers dug in the stony soil with
spade.士兵用铲子在满是石头的地上挖坑。
spear [spɪə] n.矛 【例】The Washington Monument is a very
tall building that lookslike a spear shooting into the
sky.华盛顿纪念碑是一座极高的建筑,其外形像直刺苍穹的长矛。
specialist [ˈspeʃəlɪst]
n.(医学)专家,专科医生;专家;专业人员 【参】special
(adj. 特别的;专门的;附加的,额外的);specialization
(n. 专门化,特殊化);specialized (adj.
专门的;专业的;专科的) 【例】The school needs a specialist in Japanese
history.这个学校需要一个研究日本历史的专家。
specific [spəˈsɪfɪk] adj.特殊的;明确的
【参】specifically (adv.特定地;明确地) 【例】Don’t use
words, expressions, or phrases known only to peoplewith specific
knowledge.不要使用只有具备专业知识的人才懂的词语或表达方式。
spin [spɪn] vt.(spun, spun, spinning)纺纱;旋转 n.旋转
【例】I spun a coin on the table.我在桌子上旋转一枚硬币。
spirit [ˈspɪrɪt] n.精神;灵魂 【例】Maori believe that the
spirit stays with the body for three daysafter
death.毛利人相信,灵魂在人死后会在尸体内存留三天。
spiritual [ˈspɪrɪtʃuəl] adj.精神的;心灵的 【例】spiritual
civilization精神文明
spit [spɪt]
splendid [ˈsplendɪd] adj.
壮观的,壮丽的,极好的;堂皇的,豪华的;灿烂的,辉煌的〈口语〉极好的
【例】Peacocks are dressed in feathers of splendid
colours.孔雀披着一身灿烂夺目的羽毛。
split [splɪt] v.(split, split, splitting)撕开,切开
【例】My trousers split.我的裤子撕破了。
spoonful [ˈspuːnfʊl] n.一匙(的量) 【例】The girl asked
the waiter to put another spoonful of sugar inher
bowl.女孩让服务员往她的碗里再加一勺糖。
spray [spreI] n.水雾,喷雾(器) v.喷洒 【例】When he
opened the can, the soda sprayed all over
him.他一打开罐子,汽水就喷了他一身。
squeeze [skwiːz] n.挤压,捏 v.压榨,挤 【例】She gave my
hand a squeeze.她捏了捏我的手。
stable [ˈsteɪbl] adj. 稳定的,稳固的;沉稳的,持重的
n. 马厩 【例】Markets are flourishing and prices are
stable.当前市场繁荣,物价稳定。
stadium [ˈsteɪdiəm] n.(露天)体育场 【例】A new stadium
has been built for the Olympic
Games.一座为奥运会建造的新体育场已经完工。
stain [steɪn] n.污点,瑕疵
【参】stainless(adj.无瑕疵的,不锈的)
starvation [stɑːˈveɪʃn] n.饥饿;饿死 【例】Millions of
people will face starvation next year as a result ofthe
flood.由于洪水,数百万人明年将要面临挨饿的困境。
【参】starve(vt.使饿死)
statue [ˈstætʃuː] n.雕像 【例】the Statue of
Liberty自由女神像
steady [ˈstedi] adj.稳固的;平稳的 【例】The birth rate in
Europe has been in a steady decrease
sincethe1960s.20世纪60年代以来,欧洲的出生率一直稳步下降。
steward [ˈstjuːəd] n.(火车、飞机、轮船等的)男乘务员
【例】Marlon pressed the button in the room and a robot stewardarrived
instantly.马龙按了一下房间的按钮,一个机器人服务员马上来了。
stewardess [ˌstjuːəˈdes] n.女乘务员,空姐 【例】The
stewardess asked the passengers to come into the
planequickly.空姐要求乘客尽快登机。
stocking [ˈstɒkɪŋ] n.长筒袜 【例】The girl went to the
ball, wearing a miniskirt and a pair of
silkstockings.女孩穿着迷你裙和长筒丝袜去参加舞会了。
storage [ˈstɔːrɪdʒ] n.贮藏,储存;存放 【例】When moving,
the hostess had to put her furniture in storagefor a
while.搬家的时候,女主人不得不把她的家具在别处存放了一段时间。
stout [staʊt] adj.
发胖的,肥胖的;强壮的;结实的,牢固的;顽强的,坚毅的 【例】He has a
stout makeup.他体格健壮。
straightforward [ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd]
adj./adv.正直的(地),坦率的(地) 【例】I have always been honest and
straightforward.我一直都正直、坦率。
strait [streɪt] n.海峡 【例】Crossing the strait alone is
dangerous.独自穿越海峡很危险。
strawberry [ˈstrɔːbəri] n.草莓 【例】The strawberry cream
cake is very delicious.草莓奶油蛋糕非常好吃。
strengthen [ˈstreŋθn] vt.加强,增强 【例】Our bodies are
strengthened by taking exercise.Similarly, ourminds are developed by
learning.锻炼使我们的身体强壮,同样,学习使我们的头脑发达。
strike [straɪk] vt.(struck, struck/stricken,
striking)罢工;侵袭;敲;擦燃 n.罢工 【参】protest
n.抗议;反对;抗议书(或行动); v.(公开)反对;抗议;坚决地表示;申辩; 【例】The
clock struck as we left. 就在我们离开时,钟响了。
string [strɪŋ] n.细绳,线,带 【例】The mailman wrapped the
package in white plastic bag and tiedit with a long
string.邮递员用白色的塑料袋把包裹打包,并用一条长绳把它绑紧。
stubborn [ˈstʌbən] adj.顽固的,固执的;难应付的 【例】Henry
was too stubborn to admit what he did was
wrong.亨利太顽固了,不承认自己做错了。
style [staɪl] n.风格,时尚 【例】style of
dress着装风格
submit [səbˈmɪt] vt.(submitted, submitted,
submitting)提交,递交 【例】I submitted my papers to the
examiner.我把试卷交给了监考人。
subscribe [səbˈskraɪb] v.捐赠;订阅 【例】Subscribe now and
you will get a10%discount.现在订阅的话你会得到九折优惠。
substitute [ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt]
suck [sʌk] v.吸,吮 【例】She was sucking lemonade through
a straw.她正在用吸管吸柠檬汁。
suffering [ˈsʌfərɪŋ] n.痛苦,苦难 【例】A sleeping pill
finally brought an end to the patient’s
suffering.终于,安眠药止住了那个病人的痛苦。
suite [swiːt] n.(一)套,(一)组;套间 【例】Henry bought
a nice suite of furniture for five hundred
dollars.亨利花500美元买了一套漂亮的家具。
sunburnt [ˈsʌnbɜːnt] (=sunburned)adj.晒黑的,晒伤的
【例】The girl got sunburnt at the sandbeach during the hot
summer.炎热的夏天,女孩在沙滩上被晒黑了。
superb [suːˈpɜːb] adj.卓越的;杰出的;极好的 adj.
极好的;高质量的 【例】You get a superb view of the lake from
here.从这里观赏到的湖景极为美丽。
superior [suːˈpɪəriə] adj. 上级的,(在职位、地位等方面)
较高的;优于…的,较…多的;优良的,卓越的;有优越感的 n. 上级,长官
【例】Standard, superior and luxurious rooms are all
available.标准间、高级间和豪华间都有。
supreme [suːˈpriːm] adj.极度的;极大的,最高的
【例】supreme importance最重要
surgeon [ˈsɜːdʒən] n.外科医生
【参】surgery [ˈsɜːdʒəri](n. 外科学;外科手术;手术室,诊疗室)
【例】The surgeon cut out his
tumor.外科医生切除了他身上的肿瘤。
surplus [ˈsɜːpləs] n./adj.剩余(的),过剩(的)
【例】surplus population过剩的人口
surround [səˈraʊnd] vt.围绕,包围 【例】A high wall
surrounds the garden.一堵高墙环绕着花园。
suspension [səˈspenʃn] n.暂停,中止;悬挂,悬浮 【例】This
car accident led to the suspension of traffic on the
road.交通事故导致路上的交通堵塞了。
swap [swɒp] v.(swapped, swapped, swapping)交换
【参】exchange (vt./n. 交换);trade (v.
交换) 【例】I’ll swap my orange for your
apple.我用橙子换你的苹果。
swear [sweə] v.(swore, sworn, swearing)发誓,诅咒 【例】I
swear I won’t lie to you.我发誓不会对你撒谎。
swell [swel] v.肿胀,增大 【例】His feet swelled up, so he
could hardly put his boots on.他的脚肿得连靴子都穿不上了。
swift [swɪft] adj. 快的,敏捷的,迅速的
【参】swiftly(adv.很快地,即刻)
swing [swɪŋ] v.(swung, swung, swinging)挥舞,摆动 n.秋千
【例】He swung at me.他朝我挥手。
sword [sɔːd] n.剑,刀 【例】Lu Xun believed that the pen is
mightier than the sword.鲁迅相信笔杆的威力大于武力。
sympathy [ˈsɪmpəθi]
symphony [ˈsɪmfəni] n.交响乐 【例】He conducts a
symphony.他指挥着一个交响乐团。
systematic [ˌsɪstəˈmætɪk] adj.系统的,有体系的
【参】system (n. 系统) 【例】The company have had the
experts to start the systematicanalysis of the risks
involved.公司已经让专家开始进行系统的风险分析了。
tablet [ˈtæblət] n.药片 【例】Take two tablets three times
a day before meals.饭前吃两片药,每日三次。
tailor [ˈteɪlə] n.裁缝 v.定做 【例】The new employee
tailored several suits for his
work.那个新雇员为了他的工作定做了好几套西装。
talent [ˈtælənt] n.天才,才能 【例】There must be a use for
my talent.天生我材必有用。
tasteless [ˈteɪstləs] adj.无滋味的;没品位的 【例】The
waiter took the tasteless soup away and gave us a
tastyone.服务员端走了没味道的汤,给我们换了一份好喝的。
taxpayer [ˈtækspeɪə] n.纳税人 【例】A responsible
government should use the taxpayers’moneywith
efficiency.一个负责任的政府应该有效率地利用纳税人的钱。
tease [tiːz] v.取笑,嘲弄 【例】Stop teasing your
brother.别再取笑你弟弟了。
technique [tekˈniːk] n.技术,技巧
【参】technical(adj.技术的,工艺的)
technology [tekˈnɒlədʒi] n.技术,科技 【例】high
technology高科技
telescope [ˈtelɪskəʊp] n.望远镜 【例】Teachers and students
went to the playground to look at thestars in the sky through a
telescope.老师和学生们来到操场上,通过望远镜看天上的星星。
temple [ˈtempl] n.庙宇,寺院 【例】a Buddhist
Temple佛教的寺庙
tentative [ˈtentətɪv] n.试验;假设
adj.试验性的;不确定的
terminal [ˈtɜːmɪnl]
terror [ˈterə] n.恐怖;可怕的人 【例】She screamed in
terror.她惊恐地叫了起来。
【参】terrorist(n.恐怖分子);terrorism(n.恐怖主义)
theft [θeft] n.盗窃案 【例】anti-theft security
alarm防盗警报装置
theme [θiːm] n.主题
theoretical [ˌθɪəˈretɪkl] adj.理论的 【参】theoretically
adv.理论上 【例】The first year provided students with a theoretical
basis forlater two
years’study.第一年的学习为学生们后两年的学习奠定了理论基础。
theory [ˈθɪəri] n.理论 【例】In theory, the plan should
work.从理论上讲,这个计划应该可行。
thermos [ˈθɜːməs] n.热水瓶(热摸死) 【例】Alice’s thermos
was broken, so she had to buy a new
one.艾丽斯的暖瓶碎了,她不得不再买一个新的。
thirst [θɜːst] n.渴,口渴;渴望 【例】He woke up with a
terrible thirst.他醒来时口渴难耐。
【参】thirsty(adj.口渴的)
thorough [ˈθʌrə] adj.彻底的 【例】She did a thorough job of
researching her paper.她对自己的论文做了详尽彻底的研究。
【参】thoroughly(adv.彻底地)
thrill [θrɪl] n.激动,兴奋;刺激 vt.使激动;使胆战心惊
【例】I’ll never forget the thrill of my son’s
birth.我永远也忘不了儿子出生时自己的那种兴奋。
【参】thrilled(adj.激动的,兴奋的)
thriller [ˈθrɪlə]
n.使人激动的人(或物);惊险、恐怖、刺激的小说、戏剧或电影 【例】The
writer has written many thrillers for his
fans.这位作家已经为他的崇拜者写了很多恐怖小说了。
throughout [θruːˈaʊt] prep.遍及,贯穿 prep./adv.
各处;遍及;在整个…期间 【例】There is no rainfall throughout the
year.全年都没有下雨。
thunderstorm [ˈθʌndəstɔːm] n.雷暴,雷雨交加
【例】Thunderstorm is common here in
summer.夏季,雷电交加的暴风雨在这里很常见。
tick [tɪk] n.钟表的滴答声;记号 v.发出滴答声;标记号
【例】The only sound was the tick of the
clock.能听到的只有钟的滴答声。
tight [taɪt] adj./adv.紧的(地) 【例】I cannot get this
nail out, because it is too tight.我取不出钉子,因为它太紧了。
【参】tightly(adv.紧紧地,牢牢地);tighten(v.绷紧,拉紧)
tin [tɪn] (美can)n.罐头 【例】Peter opened the tin, took
a slice of fish out and began to
eat.彼得打开罐头,拿出一片鱼吃起来。
tiresome [ˈtaɪəsəm] adj.令人厌烦的,讨厌的 【例】Buying a
house can be a very tiresome
business.买房子会是一件很麻烦的事情。
tissue [ˈtɪʃuː]
n.薄的纱织品;薄纸;(动、植物的)组织,纸巾
toast [təʊst] vt.向…敬酒;烘,烤
n.烤面包,吐司;祝酒,祝酒词 【例】Everybody would like to propose a
toast to the beautiful brideand the handsome
groom.每个人都想向漂亮的新娘和英俊的新郎敬酒。
tolerate [ˈtɒləreɪt] vt.忍受,容忍 【例】I won’t tolerate
your rude behaviour any more.我再也无法忍受你粗鲁的行为了。
tortoise [ˈtɔːtəs] n.乌龟 【例】The tortoise won the race
while the pride hare was
sleeping.当傲慢的兔子正在睡觉时,乌龟赢得了比赛。
tough [tʌf] adj.
艰苦的,难对付的;健壮的;(肉等食物)老的;强硬的;坚强的 【例】a tough
cop身强体壮的警察//Life is tough in the city.都市生活并不好过。
tournament [ˈtʊənəmənt] n.比赛,锦标赛
track [træk]
tram [træm] n.有轨电车,电车轨道 v. 乘电车 【例】Let’s tɑke
a trɑm to the beɑch.咱们乘电车去海边吧。
transform [trænsˈfɔːm] v.转变,转换 【例】Ballet classes
transformed her from a common girl to agraceful
dancer.芭蕾舞学习让她从一个平凡的少女变成了优雅的舞者。
transparent [trænsˈpærənt]
adj.显然的;透明的;清澈的;明显的;易懂的; 【例】transparent
lies明显的谎言
【参】transparency(n. 透明性,透明)obvious(adj.明显的);evident(adj.明显的,显然的)
tremble [ˈtrembl] v.颤抖;摇晃 【例】The poor girl trembled
in the cold.可怜的女孩冻得直发抖。
trial [ˈtraɪəl] n.审判;试验 【例】This murder trial will
last six weeks.这宗谋杀案的审理将持续六周。
triangle [ˈtraɪæŋɡl] n.三角形 adj.三角形的
trolleybus [ˈtrɒlibʌs] n.无轨电车 【例】To my surprise, the
boss of the company always goes to workby
trolleybus.让我惊讶的是,这个公司的老板经常坐无轨电车去上班。
troublesome [ˈtrʌblsəm] adj.令人烦恼的;讨厌的
【例】Tomorrow, the government will hold a meeting to solve
thetroublesome
problem.明天,政府将举行会议来解决这个令人烦恼的难题。
trunk [trʌŋk] n.树干;行李箱 【例】He attached the label to
his trunk.他给他的行李箱系上了标签。
tube [tjuːb] n.管子 【例】a tube of
toothpaste一管牙膏
tune [tjuːn] vt. 调音;调节,调整 n. 调子;和谐 【例】The
naughty boy played some amusing tunes in
class.那个淘气的男孩在班上演奏了一些令人发笑的曲子。
turkey [ˈtɜːki] n.火鸡 【例】Mother suggests that we eat
fish instead of turkey today.妈妈建议今天我们不吃火鸡,吃鱼。
turning [ˈtɜːnɪŋ] n.拐弯处,拐角处 【例】Take the second
turning on the left, and then you can see thecinema on your
right.在第二个路口左转,然后电影院就在你的右手边。
twist [twɪst] v.拧,扭曲 n.扭曲,歪曲 【例】John stepped
into a hole and twisted his
ankle.约翰踩进了一个洞里,扭伤了脚踝。
typhoon [taɪˈfuːn] n.台风 【例】violent
typhoon强台风
unable [ʌnˈeɪbl] adj.不能的;不能胜任的 【例】The boy is
unable to reach the cup.这个男孩够不着杯子。
unbearable [ʌnˈbeərəbl] adj.无法忍受的 【例】The heat
outside is unbearable.外面的高温真让人难以忍受。
unbelievable [ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl] adj.难以置信的 【例】What
happened to me that day was just
unbelievable.那天发生在我身上的事情简直令我无法相信。
uncertain [ʌnˈsɜːtn] adj.不确定的 【例】Whether he will
come or not is uncertain yet.他是否会来还不确定。
【参】uncertainty(n.不确定)
uncomfortable [ʌnˈkʌmftəbl] adj.不舒服的;不安的 【例】Her
father looked nervous and uncomfortable in front of
thecamera.她父亲在相机前显得紧张不安。
unconditional [ˌʌnkənˈdɪʃənl] adj.无条件的,绝对的 【例】an
unconditional surrender无条件投降
unconscious [ʌnˈkɒnʃəs] adj.不省人事的,无意识的
【例】After Tom hit her head, she was unconscious for
severalminutes.被汤姆击中头部后,她昏迷了几分钟。
underline [ˌʌndəˈlaɪn] vt.在…下面画线;强调 【例】the
underlined words画线单词
underwear [ˈʌndəweə] n.内衣 【例】We should change our
underwear every day.内衣应该天天换。
unemployment [ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt] n.失业(状态)
【例】unemployment insurance 失业保险
unfit [ʌnˈfɪt] adj.不适宜的,不相宜的 【例】This house is
unfit to live in.这栋房子不宜居住。
unfortunate [ʌnˈfɔːtʃənət] adj.不幸的,倒霉的 【例】I was
unfortunate enough to lose my keys.我把钥匙丢了,真是够倒霉的。
【参】unfortunately(adv.不幸地)
union [ˈjuːniən]
unite [juˈnaɪt] v.联合,团结 【例】She unites common sense
with vision.她把想象力与常识联系在一起。
【参】reunite(v.再联合,重聚)
universal [ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsl] adj.普遍的,全体的 【例】War
causes universal misery.战争给世人带来苦难。
universe [ˈjuːnɪvɜːs] n.宇宙 【例】There are many galaxies
in the universe.宇宙中有许多星系。
unlike [ˌʌnˈlaɪk] prep.不像,和…不同 【例】His latest novel
is quite unlike his earlier
ones.他最近一部小说的风格与其之前的作品迥然不同。
unrest [ʌnˈrest] n.不安;骚动 【例】social
unrest社会动荡不安
unwilling [ʌnˈwɪlɪŋ] adj.不愿意,勉强的 【例】They were
unwilling to help him.他们不愿意帮他。
【参】unwillingly(adv.不情愿地);unwillingness(n.不情愿)
update [ˌʌpˈdeɪt] vt./n.(使)现代化;更新 【例】Please
update your database quickly.请尽快更新你的数据库。
upper [ˈʌpə] adj.较高的,较上的 【例】What is the upper
limit to the human life span?人类寿命的极限是多少?
upset [ʌpˈset] adj.心烦的,苦恼的 vt.(upset, upset,
upsetting)使苦恼 【例】My parents were in a huge argument, and I was
really upsetabout it.我父母吵得很凶,这让我非常苦恼。
upward(s) [ˈʌpwd(z)] adv.向上,往上 【例】The plane is
flying upward.飞机正往高处飞去。
urban [ˈɜːbən] adj.城市的,市内的;都市的;住在都市的
【参】urbanisation (n. 都市化) 【例】the urban
population城市人口
vague [veɪɡ] adj.含糊的,不清楚的 【例】Through the fog we
saw the vague outline of a
ship.透过雾,我们看到了轮船模糊的轮廓。
valid [ˈvælɪd] adj.有效的
【参】invalid(adj.无效的) 【例】This card is valid for
three months.这张卡三个月内有效。
valley [ˈvæli] n.山谷,溪谷 【例】a spacious
valley宽阔的山谷
variety [vəˈraɪəti] n.变化;多样性;种类 【例】Tom didn’t
come for a variety of reasons.汤姆因为多种原因没有来。
version [ˈvɜːʃn] n.译文;版本
vertical [ˈvɜːtɪkl] adj.垂直的,直立的;纵向的 n. 垂直线
【例】The vertical cliff is very
dangerous.那个陡峭的悬崖非常危险。
vest [vest] n.背心,内衣
vice [vaɪs] n.恶习;缺陷 prep.代替 adj.副的,次的
videophone [ˈvɪdiəʊfəʊn] n.可视电话 【例】Videophone is
very helpful in our daily
life.在我们的日常生活中,可视电话非常有用。
vinegar [ˈvɪnɪɡə] n.醋 【例】apple vinegar苹果醋
violate [ˈvaɪəleɪt] vt.违反;侵犯
violence [ˈvaɪələns] n.暴力;强烈
virtue [ˈvɜːtʃuː] n.美德,正直的品行
【参】virtuous (adj. 品行端正的,有道德的) 【例】Being
honest is always thought of as a
virtue.诚实一直被认为是种美德。
visa [ˈviːzə] n.签证 【例】entry visa入境签证
vivid [ˈvɪvɪd] adj.生动的,鲜明的
【参】vividly(adv.生动地,鲜明地)
vocabulary [vəˈkæbjələri] n.词汇,词汇表 【例】He has a
very large vocabulary.他词汇量很大。
volcano [vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ] n.火山 【例】This dormant volcano has
been sleeping for five hundred
years.这座休眠火山已经沉睡了500年。
voluntary [ˈvɒləntri] adj. 自愿的,志愿的 【参】voluntarily
(adv. 自愿地,自动地,主动地) 【例】She is a voluntary worker at the
hospital.她在这家医院做义工。
volunteer [ˌvɒlənˈtɪə]
voluntary (adj. 自愿的,志愿的) 【例】He
volunteered to repair the house for the old
lady.他主动提出为老太太修房子。
vote [vəʊt] v.选举,投票 【例】Vote for Johnson—the
people’s friend!请投约翰逊一票──他是人民的朋友!
wag [wæɡ] v.(wagged, wagged, wagging)摇动,摆动 【例】The
dog was wagging its tail and barking.那只狗摇着尾巴大叫。
waist [weɪst] n.腰部,腰围 【例】She has a very small
waist.她的腰很细。
walnut [ˈwɔːlnʌt] n.胡桃,胡桃木
ward [wɔːd] vt.保卫;看护 n.病房;收容所 【例】The cancer
ward is on the fifth floor of the
hospital.癌症病房在医院的五楼。
warehouse [ˈweəhaʊs] n.仓库;货栈
watermelon [ˈwɔːtəmelən] n.西瓜
wax [wæks]
website [ˈwebsaɪt] n.网站 【例】log on the
website登录网站
wedding [ˈwedɪŋ] n.婚礼,结婚 【例】Have you been invited
to their wedding?他们邀请你参加婚礼了吗?
weed [wiːd] n.野草,杂草 【例】There are lots of weeds in
the garden.院子里杂草丛生。
welfare [ˈwelfeə] n.福利;安宁,幸福 【例】They were
concerned for the children’s welfare.他们关心儿童的福利。
wheel [wiːl] n.轮,车轮;方向盘 【例】Let me take the
wheel.我来开车吧。
whisper [ˈwɪspə] n./v.低语,私语 【例】You should whisper
when you’re in the library.在图书馆的时候,你应该轻声低语。
whistle [ˈwɪsl] n.口哨声;汽笛声,口哨;呼啸而过
v.鸣笛;吹口哨 【例】Bill whistled to get my
attention.比尔吹着口哨想引起我的注意。
widow [ˈwɪdəʊ] n.寡妇
woolen [ˈwʊlən] adj.羊毛的,羊毛制的
【参】wool(n.羊毛)
wrestle [ˈresl] v.摔跤,格斗;斟酌 【例】The police officer
wrestled the criminal to the ground.警官将罪犯摔倒在地。
wrinkle [ˈrɪŋkl] n.皱纹
wrist [rɪst] n.手腕,腕关节
[w] yawn [jɔːn] v.打呵欠 【例】I felt so sleepy that
I couldn’t stop yawning.我太困了,不停地打呵欠。
yell [jel] vt.大叫,呼喊 【例】“Be careful!”He yelled at
her.他向她大叫道:“当心!”
yoghurt [ˈjɒɡət] n.酸乳酪;酸奶 【例】I’d like two
strawberry yoghurts.我要两份草莓酸乳酪。
yummy [ˈjʌmi] adj.美味的 【例】The cake was so yummy that I
ate it all.蛋糕太好吃了,我把它都吃了。
zebra [ˈzebrə] n.斑马
zipper [ˈzɪpə] n.拉链 【例】The zipper on my coat has got
stuck.我外套上的拉链卡住了。
zoom [zuːm] v.急速移动;猛涨 【例】Overnight trading caused
share prices to zoom.隔夜交易使得股价直线上升。
a/an [ə][ən]
art.(非特指的)一(个、件…);每一(个);任何一(个)
accent [ˈæksent] n.口音;语调
act [ækt] n.法令,条例 vt.行动 vi.演戏
actor [ˈæktə] n.男演员
actress [ˈæktrəs] n.女演员
ad [æd] (=advertisement)n.广告
AD [ˌeɪˈdiː] n.公元
adult [ˈædʌlt] n.成年人
Africa [ˈæfrɪkə] n.非洲
African [ˈæfrɪkən] adj.非洲的,非洲人的n.非洲人
afternoon [ˌɑːftəˈnuːn] n.下午,午后
again [əˈɡen] adv.再一次;重新;再,又
age [eɪdʒ] n.年龄;时代,时期
ago [əˈɡəʊ] adv.以前
agreement [əˈɡriːmənt] n.同意;协定,协议
AIDS [eɪdz] n.艾滋病
air [eə] n.空气;大气
aircraft [ˈeəkrɑːft] n.飞机(单复数同形)
airline [ˈeəlaɪn] n.航空公司;航空系统
airplane [ˈeəpleɪn] n.飞机
airport [ˈeəpɔːt] n.飞机场,航空站
airspace [ˈeəspeɪs] n.领空
along [əˈlɒŋ]
adv.向前;和…一起;一同prep.沿着;顺着
a.m./A.M. [ˌeɪˈem] n.上午,午前
am [əm] v.(我)是(be的第一人称单数,仅与I连用)
America [əˈmerɪkə] n.美国;美洲
among [əˈmʌŋ] prep.在…中间;在(三个以上)之间
and [ənd] conj.和;又;而
animal [ˈænɪml] n.动物
ant [ænt] n.蚂蚁
apart [əˈpɑːt] adv.分离,分别地adj.分开的
apple [ˈæpl] n.苹果
are [ɑː] v.是(be的第二人称形式)
area [ˈeəriə] n.面积;地域,地方,区域;范围,领域
armchair [ˈɑːmtʃeə] n.扶手椅
army [ˈɑːmi] n.军队
arrangement [əˈreɪndʒmənt]
arrival [əˈraɪvl] n.到来,到达
arrow [ˈærəʊ] n.箭;箭头;记号
art [ɑːt] n.艺术,美术
artist [ˈɑːtɪst] n.艺术家
ash [æʃ] n.灰,灰末;【常pl.】灰烬
Asia [ˈeɪʒə] n.亚洲
Asian [ˈeɪʃn] adj.亚洲的,亚洲人的n.亚洲人
assistant [əˈsɪstənt] adj. 助理的;副的 n. 助理
astronaut [ˈæstrənɔːt] n.宇航员
athlete [ˈæθliːt]
athletic [æθˈletɪk]
adj.运动的,体育的;体格健壮的;运动员的
Atlantic [ætˈlæntɪk] adj.大西洋的
atom [ˈætəm] n.原子;微粒
attraction [əˈtrækʃn]
aunt [ɑːnt] n.伯母;舅母;婶;姑;姨
author [ˈɔːθə] n.作者,作家
autumn [ˈɔːtəm] n.秋天,秋季
avenue [ˈævənjuː]
baby [ˈbeɪbi] n.婴儿
`bacon [ˈbeɪkən] n.熏猪肉;咸猪肉
bad [bæd] adj.坏的;有害的,不利的;严重的
bag [bæɡ] n.书包;提包;袋子
baggage [ˈbæɡɪdʒ] n.行李
ball [bɔːl] n.球;舞会
balloon [bəˈluːn] n.气球
bamboo [ˌbæmˈbuː] n.竹
banana [bəˈnɑːnə] n.香蕉
bandage [ˈbændɪdʒ] n.绷带
bank [bæŋk] n.(河、海、湖的)岸,堤;银行;库
baseball [ˈbeɪsbɔːl] n.棒球
basin [ˈbeɪsn] n.水盆,脸盆
basket [ˈbɑːskɪt] n.篮子
basketball [ˈbɑːskɪtbɔːl] n.篮球
bat [bæt] n.球棒;蝙蝠
bathroom [ˈbɑːθruːm] n.浴室,洗手间
bathtub [ˈbɑːθtʌb] n.澡盆,浴缸
battery [ˈbætri] n.电池
bay [beI] n.湾,海湾
BC [ˌbiːˈsiː] n.公元前
be [bi] v.是(原形);成为
beach [biːtʃ] n.海滨,海滩
bean [biːn] n.豆,豆科植物
beancurd [ˈbiːn kɜːd] 豆腐
beard [bɪəd] n.(下巴上的)胡须
beast [biːst] n.野兽,牲畜
beautiful [ˈbjuːtɪfl] adj.美的,美丽的,美观的
bed [bed] n.床
bedroom [ˈbedruːm] n.寝室,卧室
bee [biː] n.蜜蜂
beef [biːf] n.[U]牛肉
beer [bɪə] n.[U]啤酒
bell [bel] n.钟,铃;钟形物
belt [belt]
bicycle [ˈbaɪsɪkl] n.自行车
big [bɪɡ] adj.大的,巨大的
bike [baɪk] n.自行车
biology [baɪˈɒlədʒi] n.生物(学)
bird [bɜːd] n.鸟
birth [bɜːθ] n.出生;诞生
birthday [ˈbɜːθdeI] n.生日;诞辰
black [blæk] n.黑色adj.黑色的
blackboard [ˈblækbɔːd] n.黑板
blood [blʌd] n.血,血液
blouse [blaʊz] n.宽罩衫,(妇女、儿童穿的)短上衣
blue [bluː]
n.蓝色adj.蓝色的;悲伤的;忧郁的;沮丧的
boat [bəʊt] n.小船,小舟
body [ˈbɒdi] n.身体,躯体;主体;物体
bomb [bɒm] n.炸弹vt.轰炸
bone [bəʊn] n.骨头,骨质
book [bʊk] n.书;本v.预订(房间、车票等)
boot [buːt]
boss [bɒs] n.老板
bottle [ˈbɒtl] n.瓶子
bottom [ˈbɒtəm] n.底部;底
bowl [bəʊl] n.碗
bowling [ˈbəʊlɪŋ] n.保龄球
box [bɒks] n.盒子,箱子
boxing [ˈbɒksɪŋ] n.拳击(运动)
boy [bɔI] n.男孩
brain [breɪn] n.大脑,脑(子);脑力,智力
branch [brɑːntʃ]
brave [breɪv] adj.勇敢的,无畏的
bread [bred] n.面包
breakfast [ˈbrekfəst] n.早餐
bridge [brɪdʒ] n.桥
bright [braɪt] adj.明亮的;聪明的
broad [brɔːd] adj.宽的,宽大的
broom [bruːm] n.扫帚
brother [ˈbrʌðə] n.兄弟
brown [braʊn] n.褐色,棕色 adj.褐色的,棕色的
brush [brʌʃ] n.刷子 vt.刷;擦
building [ˈbɪldɪŋ] n.建筑物,房屋,大楼
bus [bʌs] n.公共汽车
businessman [ˈbɪznəsmæn] n.(男)商人
butter [ˈbʌtə] n.黄油,奶油
butterfly [ˈbʌtəflaI] n.蝴蝶
button [ˈbʌtn]
n.纽扣;(电铃等的)按钮v.扣(纽扣)
buy [baI] vt.买,购买
cabbage [ˈkæbɪdʒ] n.卷心菜,洋白菜
cafe [ˈkæfeI] n.咖啡馆,餐馆
cage [keɪdʒ] n.笼,鸟笼
cake [keɪk] n.蛋糕,糕点;饼
camel [ˈkæml] n.骆驼
camera [ˈkæmərə] n.照相机,摄像机
cancer [ˈkænsə] n.癌,癌症
candle [ˈkændl] n.蜡烛
candy [ˈkændi] n.糖果
cap [kæp] n.帽子;(瓶子)盖;笔套 vt. 盖在…上面
n. 帽子
capital [ˈkæpɪtl] n.首都;省会;大写;资本
captain [ˈkæptɪn] n.船长;(海军)上校;队长
car [kɑː] n.汽车;火车车厢
card [kɑːd] n.卡片;名片;纸牌
careful [ˈkeəfl] adj.小心的,仔细的,谨慎的
carpet [ˈkɑːpɪt] n.地毯
carrot [ˈkærət] n.胡萝卜
cartoon [kɑːˈtuːn] n.动画片,卡通;漫画
castle [ˈkɑːsl] n.城堡
cat [kæt] n.猫
cattle [ˈkætl] n.牛(总称);家畜
cave [keɪv] n.洞,穴,地窖
CD [ˌsiːˈdiː] (=compact disk)n.光盘
ceiling [ˈsiːlɪŋ] n.天花板,顶棚
celebration [ˌselɪˈbreɪʃn] n.庆祝;庆祝会
cent [sent] n.美分(100cents=1dollar)
centimetre [ˈsentɪmiːtə]
(美centimeter)n.公分,厘米
centre [ˈsentə] (美center)n.中心,中央;圆心
century [ˈsentʃəri] n.世纪,百年
chair [tʃeə] n.椅
chairman [ˈtʃeəmən] n.主席,会长;议长
chairwoman [ˈtʃeəwʊmən] n.女主席,女会长;女议长
chalk [tʃɔːk] n.粉笔
cheap [tʃiːp] adj.便宜的
cheek [tʃiːk] n.面颊,脸蛋
cheese [tʃiːz] n.奶酪
chemist [ˈkemɪst] n.药剂师;化学家
chemistry [ˈkemɪstri] n.化学
chess [tʃes] n.棋,国际象棋
chicken [ˈtʃɪkɪn] n.鸡;鸡肉
child [tʃaɪld] n.孩子,儿童
chocolate [ˈtʃɒklət] n.巧克力
Christmas [ˈkrɪsməs] n.圣诞节(12月25日)
church [tʃɜːtʃ] n.教堂,教会
cigar [sɪˈɡɑː] n.雪茄烟
cinema [ˈsɪnəmə] n.电影院;电影
city [ˈsɪti] n.市,城市,都市
class [klɑːs] n.(学校里的)班级;课;阶段;等级
classmate [ˈklɑːsmeɪt] n.同班同学
classroom [ˈklɑːsruːm] n.教室
clean [kliːn] adj.清洁的,干净的vt.弄干净,擦干净
cleaner [ˈkliːnə] n.清洁工;清洁器;清洁剂
clever [ˈklevə] adj.聪明的,伶俐的
clock [klɒk] n.钟
cloth [klɒθ] n.[U]布
clothes [kləʊðz] n.衣服(总称)
cloud [klaʊd] n.云;云状物;阴影
club [klʌb] n.俱乐部;纸牌中的梅花
coal [kəʊl] n.煤;煤块
coat [kəʊt] n.外套;涂层;表皮;皮毛
cocoa [ˈkəʊkəʊ] n.可可粉
coffee [ˈkɒfi] n.咖啡
coin [kɔɪn] n.硬币
cola [ˈkəʊlə] n.可乐
cold [kəʊld] adj.冷的,寒的n.寒冷;感冒,伤风
collection [kəˈlekʃn] n.收藏品,收集物
college [ˈkɒlɪdʒ] n.学院;专科学校
colour [ˈkʌlə] n.颜色vt.给…着色,涂色
communication [kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn] n.交际;交往;通讯
company [ˈkʌmpəni] n.公司;[U]陪伴
computer [kəmˈpjuːtə] n.电脑,计算机
concert [ˈkɒnsət] n.音乐会,演奏会
connection [kəˈnekʃn] n.连接物;接触,联系
conservation [ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn]
n.(自然资料的)保护,管理
consideration [kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃn] n.考虑;关心,体谅
container [kənˈteɪnə] n.容器
cook [kʊk] n.厨师,炊事员v.烹调,做饭
cooker [ˈkʊkə] n.炊具(锅、炉灶等)
cookie [ˈkʊki] n.小甜饼
cool [kuːl] adj.凉的,凉爽的;酷
corn [kɔːn] n.玉米;谷物
cotton [ˈkɒtn] n.棉花;棉布;棉织物
cough [kɒf] n.&v.咳嗽
counter [ˈkaʊntə] n.柜台,结账处 adv. 相反 【例】The
government’s plans run counter to agreed European policy on this issue.
政府的计划与欧洲在该问题上的既定政策相悖。
country [ˈkʌntri] n.国家;农村,乡下
courtyard [ˈkɔːtjɑːd] n.庭院,院子
cousin [ˈkʌzn] n.堂(表)兄弟,堂(表)姐妹
cow [kaʊ] n.母牛,奶牛
crop [krɒp] n.庄稼;收成
cubic [ˈkjuːbɪk] adj.立方体的,立方形的
cup [kʌp] n.茶杯;杯;奖杯
curtain [ˈkɜːtn] n.窗帘
cyclist [ˈsaɪklɪst] n.骑自行车的人
dad [dæd] n.〈口语〉爸爸
daily [ˈdeɪli] adj.每日的;日常的adv.每天n.日报
dam [dæm] n.水坝,堰堤
dance [dɑːns] n.跳舞,舞蹈,舞会vi.跳舞
dark [dɑːk] n.黑暗;暗处adj.黑暗的;深色的
darkness [ˈdɑːknəs] n.黑暗,阴暗
data [ˈdeɪtə] n.资料,数据
day [deI] n.(一)天,(一)日;白天
dead [ded] adj.死的;无生命的
dear [dɪə] adj.亲爱的;贵的
death [deθ] n.死
deer [dɪə] n.鹿(单复数同形)
delicious [dɪˈlɪʃəs] adj.美味的,可口的
description [dɪˈskrɪpʃn] n.描述,叙述
desk [desk] n.书桌,写字台
development [dɪˈveləpmənt] n.发展;发育;开发
diary [ˈdaɪəri] n.日记;日记簿
【参】dairy(adj.奶制的,乳品的;乳品业的,生产乳品的
n.乳品公司,乳品店;乳制品;牛奶场,乳品场;)
dictionary [ˈdɪkʃənri] n.词典,字典
dinner [ˈdɪnə] n.正餐,宴会
director [dəˈrektə] n.主管,主任;董事;导演
dirty [ˈdɜːti] adj.脏的
disagreement [ˌdɪsəˈɡriːmənt]
n.意见不一致;分歧;争论
discovery [dɪˈskʌvəri] n.发现
discussion [dɪˈskʌʃn] n.讨论,辩论
dish [dɪʃ] n.盘,碟;盘装菜;盘形物
disk [dɪsk] (=disc)n.磁盘
doctor [ˈdɒktə] n.医生;博士(常缩写为Dr.)
dog [dɒɡ] n.狗,犬
doll [dɒl] n.玩偶,玩具娃娃
dollar [ˈdɒlə]
n.元(美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等国货币单位)
door [dɔː] n.门;门口
down [daʊn] prep.沿着,沿…而下adv.向下
driver [ˈdraɪvə] n.司机,驾驶员
drum [drʌm] n.鼓
dry [draI]
v.使…干;弄干;擦干;变干adj.干的;干燥的
DVD [ˌdiːviːˈdiː] n.数字视频光盘
eagle [ˈiːɡl] n.鹰
ear [Iə] n.耳朵;听力,听觉
earth [ɜːθ] n.地球;土,泥土;大地
east [iːst]
adj.东方的;东部的adv.在东方;向东方;从东方n.东,东方;东部
Easter [ˈiːstə] n.复活节
easy [ˈiːzi] adj.容易的,不费力的
eat [iːt] v.吃
educator [ˈedʒukeɪtə] n.教育家
egg [eɡ] n.(鸟)蛋;鸡蛋;(鱼、爬行动物等的)卵
elephant [ˈelɪfənt] n.象
ending [ˈendɪŋ] n.结局;结尾;最后
enemy [ˈenəmi] n.敌人;敌军(集合名词)
equipment [Iˈkwɪpmənt] n.装备,设备
eraser [Iˈreɪzə] n.橡皮擦;黑板擦
essay [ˈeseI] n.散文,随笔
n.(作为课程作业的)短文,文章;评论文 【例】You have to complete a
3,000-word essay on the topic.
你需要就该主题写一篇3,000字的文章。
Europe [ˈjʊərəp] n.欧洲
European [ˌjʊərəˈpiːən]
adj.欧洲的,欧洲人的n.欧洲人
evening [ˈiːvnɪŋ] n.傍晚,晚上
existence [Iɡˈzɪstəns] n.存在;生存;存在物
eye [aI] n.眼睛
factory [ˈfæktri] n.工厂
farm [fɑːm] n.农场,农庄
farmer [ˈfɑːmə] n.农民;农场主
fast [fɑːst] adj.快的,迅速的adv.快地,迅速地
fat [fæt] n.脂肪adj.胖的;肥的
father [ˈfɑːðə] n.父亲
feather [ˈfeðə] n.羽毛
feeling [ˈfiːlɪŋ] n.感情;感觉,知觉
fever [ˈfiːvə] n.发烧,发热
fibre [ˈfaɪbə] (美fiber)n.纤维
field [fiːld] n.田地;牧场;场地;领域,方面
film [fɪlm] n.电影;影片;胶卷
vt.拍摄,把…拍摄成电影
finger [ˈfɪŋɡə] n.手指
firework [ˈfaɪəwɜːk] n.烟火
fish [fɪʃ] n.鱼;鱼肉 vi.钓鱼;捕鱼
fisherman [ˈfɪʃəmən] n.渔民;钓鱼的人
fist [fɪst] n.拳头
flag [flæɡ] n.旗;标志
floor [flɔː] n.地面;地板;(楼房的)层
flour [ˈflaʊə] n.面粉,粉
flu [fluː] n.流行性感冒
flower [ˈflaʊə] n.花
fly [flaI] n.苍蝇;飞行 vi.飞;飞行;飘动
vt.空运;放(风筝、飞机模型等)
fog [fɒɡ] n.雾
food [fuːd] n.食物,食品
foolish [ˈfuːlɪʃ] adj.愚蠢的,傻的,笨的
foot [fʊt] n.足,脚;英尺
football [ˈfʊtbɔːl] n.〈英〉足球;〈美〉橄榄球
foreigner [ˈfɒrənə] n.外国人
forest [ˈfɒrɪst] n.森林
forgetful [fəˈɡetfl] adj.健忘的
forty [ˈfɔːti] num.四十
fox [fɒks] n.狐狸
franc [fræŋk] n.法郎
fridge [frɪdʒ] (=refrigerator)n.冰箱
friend [frend] n.朋友
friendship [ˈfrendʃɪp] n.友谊,友情
frog [frɒɡ] n.青蛙
fruit [fruːt] n.水果;果实
funny [ˈfʌni] adj.有趣的,滑稽可笑的
fur [fɜː] n.毛皮,皮
game [ɡeɪm] n.游戏;运动;比赛
garden [ˈɡɑːdn] n.花园,果园,菜园
gas [ɡæs] n.气体;煤气;汽油
gate [ɡeɪt] n.大门
gentleman [ˈdʒentlmən]
n.绅士,先生;有身份、有教养的人
girl [ɡɜːl] n.女孩
glass [ɡlɑːs] n.玻璃杯;玻璃;[pl.]眼镜
globe [ɡləʊb] n.地球仪;地球
glove [ɡlʌv] n.手套
glue [ɡluː] n.胶水
goat [ɡəʊt] n.山羊
god [ɡɒd] n.神(God上帝)
gold [ɡəʊld] n.[U]黄金adj.金的,黄金做的
golden [ˈɡəʊldən] adj.金(黄)色的
golf [ɡɒlf] n.高尔夫球
good [ɡʊd] adj.好的;令人满意的;有益的
government [ˈɡʌvənmənt] n.政府
gram [ɡræm] n.克(重量单位)
grammar [ˈɡræmə] n.语法
grandchild [ˈɡræntʃaɪld] n.(外)孙或孙女,孙辈
granddaughter [ˈɡrændɔːtə] n.(外)孙女
grandma [ˈɡrænmɑː] n.奶奶;外婆
grandpa [ˈɡrænpɑː] n.爷爷;外公
grandparent [ˈɡrænpeərənt] n.祖父母,外祖父母
grandson [ˈɡrænsʌn] n.(外)孙子
granny [ˈɡræni] n.奶奶;外婆
grass [ɡrɑːs] n.草;草场;牧草
great [ɡreɪt]
adj.伟大的;重要的;极好的adv.〈口语〉好极了,很好
green [ɡriːn] adj.绿色的;青的n.绿色
grey/gray [ɡreI] adj.灰色的,灰白的
ground [ɡraʊnd] n.地面;场,场地
guest [ɡest] n.客人,宾客
guitar [ɡɪˈtɑː] n.吉他,六弦琴
gun [ɡʌn] n.枪,炮
ham [hæm] n.火腿
handbag [ˈhændbæɡ] n.(女用)手提包;旅行包
handkerchief [ˈhæŋkətʃɪf] n.手帕
handsome [ˈhænsəm] adj.英俊的
happiness [ˈhæpinəs] n.幸福,愉快
happy [ˈhæpi] adj.幸福的;快乐的,高兴的
hard [hɑːd]
adv.努力地;使劲地;猛烈地adj.硬的;困难的;艰难的
he [hiː] pron.他(主格)
head [hed]
n.头;头脑;才智;首脑;源头;标题v.率领;加标题;用头顶;出发;(船等)驶向
headache [ˈhedeɪk] n.头疼;令人头痛的事
headmaster [ˌhedˈmɑːstə] n.〈英〉中小学校长
heart [hɑːt] n.心;心脏;(纸牌中的)红桃
heavy [ˈhevi] adj.重的;大量的;(心情)沉重的
hello [həˈləʊ]
int.喂;你好(表示打招呼、问候或唤起注意)
hen [hen] n.母鸡
her [hɜː]
pron.她(宾格);她的(形容词性物主代词)
here [hɪə] adv.这里,在这里;向这里
hero [ˈhɪərəʊ] n.英雄,勇士;男主角
hers [hɜːz] pron.她的(名词性物主代词)
herself [hɜːˈself] pron.她自己(反身代词)
hi [haI] int.你好(表示打招呼、问候或唤起注意)
high [haI] adj.高的;高度的adv.高地;高度地
highway [ˈhaɪweI] n.公路,大路
hill [hɪl] n.小山;丘陵;土堆;斜坡
him [hɪm] pron.他(宾格)
himself [hɪmˈself]
pron.他自己(反身代词);他亲自(用于加强语气)
his [hɪz]
pron.他的(形容词性物主代词,名词性物主代词)
history [ˈhɪstri] n.历史;历史学
hobby [ˈhɒbi] n.爱好,嗜好
hole [həʊl] n.洞,坑
home [həʊm] n.家;本国;产地adv.到家;回家;在家
hometown [ˈhəʊmtaʊn] n.故乡,家乡
homework [ˈhəʊmwɜːk] n.(学生的)家庭作业
honey [ˈhʌni] n.[U]蜂蜜
horse [hɔːs] n.马
hospital [ˈhɒspɪtl] n.医院
hostess [ˈhəʊstəs] n.女主人;女主持人
hot [hɒt] adj.热的;辣的
hot dog [ˌhɒtˈdɒɡ] n.热狗(红肠面包)
hotel [həʊˈtel] n.旅馆,饭店,宾馆
hour [ˈaʊə] n.小时;[pl.]工作时间
house [haʊs] n.房子;住宅
housewife [ˈhaʊswaɪf] n.家庭主妇
huge [hjuːdʒ] adj.巨大的,庞大的
human [ˈhjuːmən] adj.人的,人类的 n.人,人类
hunger [ˈhʌŋɡə] n.饥饿 v.饥饿;渴望
hungry [ˈhʌŋɡri] adj.(饥)饿的;渴望的
hunter [ˈhʌntə] n.猎人
husband [ˈhʌzbənd] n.丈夫
I [aI] pron.我(主格)
ice [aɪs] n.冰,冰块
ice-cream [ˌaɪsˈkriːm] n.冰淇淋
if [If] conj.如果,假使;是否,是不是
ill [Il] adj.生病的
illness [ˈɪlnəs] n.疾病
in [In]
prep.在…里(内);在(某段时间)内;穿着,戴着adv.在家;在内;向内
inch [Intʃ] n.英寸
industry [ˈɪndəstri] n.工业;产业
information [ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃn] n.[U]信息;情报
ink [Iŋk] n.墨水,油墨
inn [In] n.小旅店,小饭店
Internet [ˈɪntənet] n.互联网
into [ˈɪntə] prep.到…里;向内;变成
introduction [ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃn]
invention [Inˈvenʃn] n.发明,创造;发明的东西
invitation [ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃn] n.邀请;请帖,请柬
is [Iz] v.是(be的第三人称单数)
island [ˈaɪlənd] n.岛,岛屿
it [It] pron.它(主格,宾格)
its [Its]
pron.它的(形容词性物主代词,名词性物主代词)
itself [Itˈself] pron.它自己(反身代词)
jacket [ˈdʒækɪt] n.短上衣,夹克衫
jar [dʒɑː] n.罐子,坛子
jaw [dʒɔː] n.下巴;钳子
jazz [dʒæz] n.爵士音乐,爵士舞曲
jeans [dʒiːnz] n.牛仔裤
jeep [dʒiːp] n.吉普车
jewel [ˈdʒuːəl] n.[U](总称)珠宝,珠宝饰物
job [dʒɒb] n.(一份)工作
joy [dʒɔI] n.欢乐,高兴;乐事;乐趣
judgment [ˈdʒʌdʒmənt]
n.审判;判决;判断;看法,意见;判断(力)
juice [dʒuːs] n.果汁(饮料)
kettle [ˈketl] n.(烧水用的)水壶
keyboard [ˈkiːbɔːd] n.键盘
kid [kɪd] n.小孩,少年,儿童
kilogram [ˈkɪləɡræm] n.千克
kilometre [ˈkɪləmiːtə] (美kilometer)n.千米,公里
kindness [ˈkaɪndnəs]
n.仁慈;善良;仁慈(或好心)的行为
king [kɪŋ] n.国王,君主
kingdom [ˈkɪŋdəm] n.王国
kitchen [ˈkɪtʃɪn] n.厨房
kite [kaɪt] n.风筝
knife [naɪf] n.小刀;匕首;刀片
lab [læb] (=laboratory)n.实验室
lead [liːd] v.(led, led, leading)领导,带领 led
n.铅
leader [ˈliːdə] n.领袖,领导人
leaf [liːf] n.叶;叶子
leg [leɡ] n.腿
lemon [ˈlemən] n.柠檬 adj.柠檬色的
lemonade [ˌleməˈneɪd] n.柠檬水
lend [lend] vt.(lent, lent,
lending)借(出),把…借给
letter [ˈletə] n.信;字母
library [ˈlaɪbrəri] n.图书馆,图书室
lid [lɪd] n.盖子
life [laɪf] n.生命;生涯;生活;人生;生物(总称)
lightning [ˈlaɪtnɪŋ] n.[U]闪电
lion [ˈlaɪən] n.狮子
lip [lɪp] n.嘴唇
liquid [ˈlɪkwɪd] n.液体adj.液体的
litre [ˈliːtə] (美liter)n.升;公升(容量单位)
long [lɒŋ] adj.长的;远的adv.长久地,长期地vi.渴望
lorry [ˈlɒri] (美truck)n.运货汽车,卡车
lot [lɒt] n.许多,大量
loud [laʊd] adj./adv.大声的(地)
low [ləʊ]
adj.低的;矮的;低于通常数量(或水平、价值)的;低下的adv.低;低于通常水平;低声地
luck [lʌk] n.运气,好运
lucky [ˈlʌki] adj.运气好,侥幸的
lunch [lʌntʃ] n.午餐,午饭
lung [lʌŋ] n.肺
machine [məˈʃiːn] n.机器
madam [ˈmædəm] n.夫人,女士
magazine [ˌmæɡəˈziːn] n.杂志
mailbox [ˈmeɪlbɒks] n.邮箱,邮筒
male [meɪl] adj.男(性)的;雄的n.男人;男性
man [mæn] n.成年男人;人,人类
manager [ˈmænɪdʒə] n.经理
mankind [mænˈkaɪnd] n.[U]人类
many [ˈmeni] pron.许多人(或物)adj.许多的
map [mæp] n.地图
march [mɑːtʃ] n.游行,行进;(M-)三月
market [ˈmɑːkɪt] n.市场,集市
marriage [ˈmærɪdʒ] n.结婚,婚姻
mat [mæt] n.垫子
mathematics [ˌmæθəˈmætɪks] n.数学
me [mi] pron.我(宾格)
meal [miːl] n.膳食;一餐,一顿(饭)
meaning [ˈmiːnɪŋ] n.意思,含义
meat [miːt] n.(猪、牛、羊等的)肉
medal [ˈmedl] n.奖牌;奖章
media [ˈmiːdiə] n.(medium的复数)媒体
medicine [ˈmedsn] n.药
meeting [ˈmiːtɪŋ] n.会;集会;会见;汇合点
merry [ˈmeri] adj.高兴的,愉快的
metal [ˈmetl] n.金属adj.金属制成的
method [ˈmeθəd] n.方法,办法
metre [ˈmiːtə] (美meter)n.米,公尺
midnight [ˈmɪdnaɪt] n.午夜
mild [maɪld] adj. 温柔的;温和的;轻微的
mile [maɪl] n.英里
milk [mɪlk] n.牛奶 vt.挤奶
millimetre [ˈmɪlimiːtə] n.毫米
millionaire [ˌmɪljəˈneə] n.百万富翁
minibus [ˈmɪnibʌs] n.小型公共汽车
minute [ˈmɪnɪt] n.分钟;一会儿,瞬间
mirror [ˈmɪrə] n.镜子
Miss [mɪs]
n.小姐(对未婚女子的称呼,加于姓或名前)
missile [ˈmɪsaɪl] n.导弹
mixture [ˈmɪkstʃə] n.混合物
model [ˈmɒdl] n.模型,样式;范例;模范
Mom [mɒm] n.〈美〉妈妈
mommy [ˈmɒmi] n.〈美〉妈妈
money [ˈmʌni] n.钱;货币
monitor [ˈmɒnɪtə] n.班长;监视器 vi.监视,监听
monkey [ˈmʌŋki] n.猴子
month [mʌnθ] n.月,月份
moon [muːn] n.月球,月亮
morning [ˈmɔːnɪŋ] n.早晨,上午
Moslem [ˈmɒzləm] n.穆斯林,伊斯兰教徒
mosquito [məˈskiːtəʊ] n.蚊子
mother [ˈmʌðə] n.母亲
motherland [ˈmʌðəlænd] n.祖国
motor [ˈməʊtə] n.发动机,马达
motorcycle [ˈməʊtəsaɪkl] n.摩托车
mountain [ˈmaʊntən] n.山,山脉
mouse [maʊs] n.鼠,耗子;(计算机的)鼠标
moustache [məˈstɑːʃ] n.小胡子
mouth [maʊθ] n.嘴,口
movement [ˈmuːvmənt] n.运动;活动
movie [ˈmuːvi] n.电影
Mr. [ˈmɪstə] n.先生(用于男士的姓或姓名前)
Mrs. [ˈmɪsɪz] n.夫人,太太(称呼已婚妇女)
Ms. [mɪz] n.女士(称呼婚姻状况不明的女士)
mud [mʌd] n.泥,泥浆
mum [mʌm] n.〈英〉妈妈
museum [mjuˈziːəm] n.博物馆,博物院
mushroom [ˈmʌʃrʊm] n.蘑菇
music [ˈmjuːzɪk] n.音乐,乐曲
musician [mjuˈzɪʃn] n.音乐家,乐师
my [maI] pron.我的(形容词性物主代词)
myself [maɪˈself] pron.我自己(反身代词)
nail [neɪl] n.钉,钉子
name [neɪm] n.名字,名称 vt.命名,名叫
national [ˈnæʃnəl] adj.国家的,全国性的,民族的
neat [niːt] adj.整洁的;灵巧的
neck [nek] n.颈,脖子
necklace [ˈnekləs] n.项链
needle [ˈniːdl] n.针
nephew [ˈnefjuː] n.侄子,外甥
nest [nest] n.巢,窝
net [net] n.网,网状物;网状系统
network [ˈnetwɜːk] n.网络,网状系统
new [njuː] adj.新的;新鲜的
news [njuːz] n.[U]新闻,消息
newspaper [ˈnjuːzpeɪpə] n.报纸
nice [naɪs] adj.令人愉快的;美好的,漂亮的
niece [niːs] n.侄女,外甥女
night [naɪt] n.夜;夜间
No. [ˈnʌmbə] n.数字;号码;第…号
no [nəʊ] adv.不,不是adj.没有,无,不
noise [nɔɪz] n.噪声,喧闹声
noisy [ˈnɔɪzi] adj.喧闹的,嘈杂的
noodle [ˈnuːdl] n.面条
noon [nuːn] n.[U]中午,正午
north [nɔːθ]
adj.北的;朝北的;从北来的adv.向(在、从)北方n.北;北方;北部
northeast [ˌnɔːθˈiːst] n.东北(部)
northern [ˈnɔːðən] adj.北方的,北部的
northwest [ˌnɔːθˈwest] n.西北,西北部
nose [nəʊz] n.鼻子
not [nɒt] adj.不,没有
notebook [ˈnəʊtbʊk] n.笔记簿
novel [ˈnɒvl] n.(长篇)小说
now [naʊ] adv.现在,此刻;立刻,马上
nowadays [ˈnaʊədeɪz] adv.当今,现在
nuclear [ˈnjuːkliə]
adj.原子核的;原子能的;核动力的
nurse [nɜːs] n.护士;保育员
nursery [ˈnɜːsəri] n.托儿所
nut [nʌt] n.坚果;坚果仁(胡桃,栗子等)
ocean [ˈəʊʃn] n.海洋,大海
o'clock [əˈklɒk] n….点钟
office [ˈɒfɪs] n.办公室
officer [ˈɒfɪsə]
n.军官;公务员,工作人员,高级职员
oh [əʊ] int.哦,啊
oil [ɔɪl] n.油,石油vt.给…上油
O.K. [əʊˈkeI] adv.〈口语〉好,对,不错
Olympic(s) [əˈlɪmpɪk(s)] n.&adj.奥林匹克(的)
oneself [wʌnˈself] pron.自己,自身
onion [ˈʌnjən] n.洋葱
onto [ˈɒntə] prep.到…上面
opening [ˈəʊpnɪŋ] n.开放;口子;洞,孔;开始
opera [ˈɒprə] n.歌剧
operation [ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn]
n.手术;操作;作战;军事演习
operator [ˈɒpəreɪtə] n.接线员;操作者
orange [ˈɒrɪndʒ]
n.橘子,橙子;橘汁;橙色adj.橘色的,橙色的
organization [ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn] n.组织,机构,团体
our [ˈaʊə] pron.我们的(形容词性物主代词)
ours [ˈaʊəz] pron.我们的(名词性物主代词)
ourselves [ˌaʊəˈselvz] pron.我们自己(反身代词)
out [aʊt] adv.在外;完结adj.外面的;出局的
overcoat [ˈəʊvəkəʊt] n.大衣
owner [ˈəʊnə] n.物主,所有人
ownership [ˈəʊnəʃɪp] n.所有制;所有权
ox [ɒks] n.(pl.oxen)牛,公牛
packet [ˈpækɪt] n.小包裹;袋
page [peɪdʒ] n.页,页码
paint [peɪnt] n.油漆 v.油漆;绘画
painter [ˈpeɪntə] n.绘画者,(油)画家;油漆工
painting [ˈpeɪntɪŋ] n.油画,水彩画;绘画技术
palace [ˈpæləs] n.宫,宫殿
pan [pæn] n.平底锅,盘子
panda [ˈpændə] n.熊猫
paper [ˈpeɪpə] n.纸;报纸;论文;考卷
parent [ˈpeərənt] n.父(母),双亲
【参】parental [pəˈrentl](adj.
父的;母的;父母(般)的)
parrot [ˈpærət] n.鹦鹉
part-time [ˌpɑːtˈtaɪm]
adj.&adv.兼职的(地),部分时间的(地)
party [ˈpɑːti] n.聚会,晚会;党派
passenger [ˈpæsɪndʒə] n.乘客,旅客
path [pɑːθ] n.小道,小径
patience [ˈpeɪʃns] n.[U]容忍;耐心
P.C. [ˌpiːˈsiː] (=personal computer)n.个人电脑
P.E. [ˌpiːˈiː] (=physical education)n.体育
pea [piː] n.豌豆
peach [piːtʃ] n.桃子
pear [peə] n.梨子;梨树
pen [pen] n.钢笔,笔
pence [pens] n.(penny的复数形式)便士,美分
pencil [ˈpensl] n.铅笔
penny [ˈpeni] n.(pl.pence)便士,美分
people [ˈpiːpl] n.人,人们;人民;民族
per [pə] prep.每,每一
performance [pəˈfɔːməns] n.演出,表演;行为,表现
performer [pəˈfɔːmə] n.表演者,执行者
person [ˈpɜːsn] n.人
phone [fəʊn] (=telephone)v.打电话n.电话,电话机
photo [ˈfəʊtəʊ] (=photograph)n.照片
physicist [ˈfɪzɪsɪst] n.物理学家
pianist [ˈpɪənɪst] n.钢琴家
piano [piˈænəʊ] n.钢琴
picnic [ˈpɪknɪk] n.野餐 v.去野餐;在户外用餐
picture [ˈpɪktʃə] n.图片;照片
pie [paI] n.甜馅饼
pig [pɪɡ] n.猪
pill [pɪl] n.药丸,药片
pillow [ˈpɪləʊ] n.枕头
pilot [ˈpaɪlət] n.飞行员
pine [paɪn]
pineapple [ˈpaɪnæpl]
ping-pong [ˈpɪŋpɒŋ]
pink [pɪŋk] adj. 粉红色的
pioneer [ˌpaɪəˈnɪə]
pipe [paɪp]
plane [pleɪn]
planet [ˈplænɪt]
plastic [ˈplæstɪk] adj. 塑料的
plate [pleɪt]
platform [ˈplætfɔːm]
playground [ˈpleɪɡraʊnd]
p.m./P.M. [ˌpiːˈem]
pocket [ˈpɒkɪt]
poem [ˈpəʊɪm]
poet [ˈpəʊɪt]
police [pəˈliːs]
policewoman [pəˈliːswʊmən]
policy [ˈpɒləsi]
politics [ˈpɒlətiks]
pond [pɒnd]
pool [puːl]
pop [pɒp] adj.
〈口语〉(音乐、艺术等)大众的,通俗的,流行的;受欢迎的
popcorn [ˈpɒpkɔːn]
population [ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn]
pork [pɔːk]
port [pɔːt]
postage [ˈpəʊstɪdʒ]
postcard [ˈpəʊstkɑːd]
postcode [ˈpəʊstkəʊd]
postman [ˈpəʊstmən]
pot [pɒt]
potato [pəˈteɪtəʊ]
powder [ˈpaʊdə]
preference [ˈprefrəns]
president [ˈprezɪdənt]
presidential
(adj. 总统的)
pretty [ˈprɪti] adj. 漂亮的,俊俏的
price [praɪs]
prison [ˈprɪzn]
prisoner [ˈprɪznə]
problem [ˈprɒbləm]
product [ˈprɒdʌkt]
production [prəˈdʌkʃn]
properly [ˈprɒpəli] adv. 恰当地
protection [prəˈtekʃn]
province [ˈprɒvɪns]
pub [pʌb]
pupil [ˈpjuːpl]
purple [ˈpɜːpl]
purse [pɜːs]
push [pʊʃ]
quarter [ˈkwɔːtə]
queen [kwiːn]
quick [kwɪk] adj. 快的;敏捷的;急剧的 adv.
快地;敏捷地;急剧地
quiet [ˈkwaɪət] adj. 安静的,寂静的,宁静的
quiz [kwɪz]
rabbit [ˈræbɪt]
radio [ˈreɪdiəʊ]
rail [reɪl]
railway [ˈreɪlweɪ]
rain [reɪn]
raincoat [ˈreɪnkəʊt]
rainy [ˈreɪni] adj. 下雨的;多雨的
rapid [ˈræpɪd] adj. 快的,迅速的
rat [ræt]
read [riːd] vt. 读,阅读,朗读;看书;看懂,辨认
reading [ˈriːdɪŋ]
reality [riˈæləti]
really [ˈriːəli] adv. 真正地;到底;确实
receiver [rɪˈsiːvə]
recent [ˈriːsnt] adj. 近来的,最近的
recorder [rɪˈkɔːdə]
red [red]
refrigerator [rɪˈfrɪdʒəreɪtə]
relationship [rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp]
reporter [rɪˈpɔːtə]
requirement [rɪˈkwaɪəmənt]
require
(v. 需要,要求) 【例】The Director of Studies will talk to you about
the courses and different requirements for each.
教务主管将和你谈论课程问题以及每门课程的不同要求。
restaurant [ˈrestrɒnt]
retire [rɪˈtaɪə]
rice [raɪs]
rich [rɪtʃ] adj.
富的,有钱的;富裕的;富饶的;丰富的
riddle [ˈrɪdl]
ride [raɪd]
right [raɪt]
river [ˈrɪvə]
road [rəʊd]
rock [rɒk]
rocket [ˈrɒkɪt]
roof [ruːf]
room [ruːm]
root [ruːt]
rope [rəʊp]
rose [rəʊz]
ruler [ˈruːlə]
sad [sæd] adj. (使人)悲伤的,难过的
sadness [ˈsædnəs]
safe [seɪf] adj. 安全的
safety [ˈseɪfti]
sailor [ˈseɪlə]
salad [ˈsæləd]
salary [ ˈsæləri]
salesgirl [ˈseɪlzɡɜːl]
salesman [ˈseɪlzmən]
saleswoman [ˈseɪlzwʊmən]
salt [sɔːlt]
salty [ˈsɔːlti] adj. 咸的;含盐的
sand [sænd]
sandwich [ˈsænwɪtʃ]
satellite [ˈsætəlaɪt]
sausage [ˈsɒsɪdʒ]
save [seɪv] vt. 救,挽救;储存;节省
saying [ˈseɪɪŋ]
scarf [skɑːf]
scenery [ˈsiːnəri]
scholar [ˈskɒlə]
scholarship [ˈskɒləʃɪp]
school [skuːl]
schoolbag [skuːlbæɡ]
schoolboy [ˈskuːlbɔɪ]
schoolgirl [ˈskuːlɡɜːl]
schoolmate [ˈskuːlmeɪt]
science [ˈsaɪəns]
scientific [ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk] adj. 科学的
scientist [ˈsaɪəntɪst]
sea [siː]
seashell [ˈsiːʃel]
seaside [ˈsiːsaɪd]
season [ˈsiːzn]
secret [ˈsiːkrət]
secretary [ˈsekrətri]
seed [siːd]
self [self]
sentence [ˈsentəns]
separation [ˌsepəˈreɪʃn]
servant [ˈsɜːvənt]
service [ˈsɜːvɪs]
settlement [ˈsetlmənt]
settler [ˈsetlə]
several [ˈsevrəl] pron. 几个,数个 adj. 若干的
sew [səʊ]
sex [seks]
shallow [ˈʃæləʊ] adj. 浅的,不深的;肤浅的
shark [ʃɑːk]
sharpener [ˈʃɑːpnə]
shave [ʃeɪv] vt. 刮(脸、胡子)n. 修面 【例】How do you
shave your beard so clean? 你是怎样把胡须刮得那么干净的?
she [ʃi] pron. 她(主格)
sheep [ʃiːp]
sheet [ʃiːt]
shelf [ʃelf]
ship [ʃɪp]
shirt [ʃɜːt]
shoe [ʃuː]
shop [ʃɒp]
shopkeeper [ˈʃɒpkiːpə]
shopping [ˈʃɒpɪŋ]
shore [ʃɔː]
short [ʃɔːt] adj. 短的;矮的;不足的,不够的
shorts [ʃɔːts]
shoulder [ˈʃəʊldə]
shower [ˈʃaʊə]
shy [ʃaɪ] adj. 害羞的
sickness [ˈsɪknəs]
side [saɪd]
sidewalk [ˈsaɪdwɔːk]
sideway [ˈsaɪdweɪ]
sigh [saɪ]
sightseeing [ˈsaɪtsiːɪŋ]
signal [ˈsɪɡnəl]
silence [ˈsaɪləns]
silk [sɪlk]
silver [ˈsɪlvə]
simplify [ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ] vt. 简单化,单一化,使简化
【例】These self-help books are designed for people who want to simplify
their lives. 这些自助书籍是为那些想简化生活的人设计的。
sir [sɜː]
sister [ˈsɪstə]
size [saɪz]
skateboard [ˈskeɪtbɔːd]
ski [skiː]
skin [skɪn]
skirt [skɜːt]
sky [skaɪ]
skyscraper [ˈskaɪskreɪpə]
slave [sleɪv]
slavery [sleɪvəri]
sleeve [sliːv]
small [smɔːl] adj. 小的;少的
smoker [ˈsməʊkə]
smooth [smuːð] adj. 光滑的,平坦的
snake [sneɪk]
snow [snəʊ]
snowy [ˈsnəʊi] adj.
雪(白)的;下雪的;多(积)雪的
soap [səʊp]
soccer [ˈsɒkə]
society [səˈsaɪəti]
sock [sɒk]
sofa [ˈsəʊfə]
soft [sɒft] adj. 软的,柔和的
soil [sɔɪl]
soldier [ˈsəʊldʒə]
son [sʌn]
song [sɒŋ]
sorry [ˈsɒri] adj. 对不起,抱歉;难过的
soup [suːp]
south [saʊθ] adj. 南(方)的;向南的 adv.
在南方;向南方
southeast [ˌsaʊθˈiːst]
southern [ˈsʌðən] adj. 南部的,南方的
southwest [ˌsaʊθˈwest]
spaceship [ˈspeɪsʃɪp]
sparrow [ˈspærəʊ]
speaker [ˈspiːkə]
spell [spel] vt. 拼写
spelling [ˈspelɪŋ]
spokesman [ˈspəʊksmən]
spokeswoman [ˈspəʊkswʊmən]
sport [spɔːt]
spring [sprɪŋ]
squirrel [ˈskwɪrəl]
stage [steɪdʒ]
stair [steə]
star [stɑː]
statement [ˈsteɪtmənt]
state(vt.声明)
statesman [ˈsteɪtsmən]
stateswoman [ˈsteɪtswʊmən]
station [ˈsteɪʃn]
steak [steɪk]
steal [stiːl] vt. (stole, stolen, stealing)
偷,窃取
steam [stiːm]
steel [stiːl]
stone [stəʊn]
storm [stɔːm]
story [ˈstɒri]
stove [stəʊv]
stranger [ˈstreɪndʒə]
straw [strɔː]
stream [striːm]
street [striːt]
strong [strɒŋ] adj.
强(壮)的;坚固的;强烈的;坚强的
student [ˈstjuːdnt]
studio [ˈstjuːdiəʊ]
study [ˈstʌdi]
sugar [ˈʃʊɡə]
suitcase [ˈsuːtkeɪs]
summer [ˈsʌmə]
sun [sʌn]
sunlight [ˈsʌnlaɪt]
sunny [ˈsʌni] adj. 晴朗的;阳光充足的
sunshine [ˈsʌnʃaɪn]
super [ˈsuːpə] adj. 超级的,极好的
supermarket [ˈsuːpəmɑːkɪt]
supper [ˈsʌpə]
surface [ˈsɜːfɪs]
surprise [səˈpraɪz] vt. 使惊奇,使诧异
sweat [swet]
sweater [ˈswetə]
sweet [swiːt] adj. 甜的;新鲜的;可爱的
table [ˈteɪbl]
tail [teɪl]
tale [teɪl]
tall [tɔːl] adj. 高的
tank [tæŋk]
tap [tæp]
tape [teɪp]
task [tɑːsk]
taxi [ˈtæksi]
tea [tiː]
teacher [ˈtiːtʃə]
team [tiːm]
teamwork [ˈtiːmwɜːk]
teapot [ˈtiːpɒt]
telephone [ˈtelɪfəʊn]
television [ˈtelɪvɪʒn]
temperature [ˈtemprətʃə]
tennis [ˈtenɪs]
tent [tent]
text [tekst]
textbook [ˈtekstbʊk]
thank [θæŋk] vt. 感谢,致谢,道谢
thankful [ˈθæŋkfl] adj. 感谢的,感激的
the [ðə] art.
这(那)个,这(那)些(用于特定的人或物、序数词、最高级、专有名词、世上独一无二的事物之前)
theatre [ˈθɪətə]
their [ðeə] pron.
他(或她、它)们的(形容词性物主代词)
theirs [ðeəz] pron.
他(或她、它)们的(名词性物主代词)
them [ðəm] pron. 他(或她、它)们(宾格)
themselves [ðəmˈselvz] pron.
他(或她、它)们自己(反身代词)
these [ðiːz] adj. & pron. 这些
they [ðeɪ] pron. 他(或她、它)们(主格);人们
thick [θɪk] adj. 厚的
thief [θiːf]
thin [θɪn] adj. 薄的;瘦的;稀的
thing [θɪŋ]
this [ðɪs] adj. & pron. 这,这个
those [ðəʊz] adj. & pron. 那些
thread [θred]
throat [θrəʊt]
thunder [ˈθʌndə]
thunderstorm
(n. 雷暴);thundercloud (n. 雷雨云)
ticket [ˈtɪkɪt]
tidy [ˈtaɪdi] adj. 整洁的,干净的
tiger [ˈtaɪɡə]
time [taɪm]
timetable [ˈtaɪmteɪbl]
tiny [ˈtaɪni] adj. 极小的,微小的
tire [ˈtaɪə] vt. 使疲劳
title [ˈtaɪtl]
to [tu] prep.
动词不定式符号,无词义;(表示接受动作的人或物)给;对,向,到;在…之前
tobacco [təˈbækəʊ]
today [təˈdeɪ] adv. & n. 今天;现在,当前
toilet [ˈtɔɪlət]
tomato [təˈmɑːtəʊ]
tomb [tuːm]
tomorrow [təˈmɒrəʊ] adv. & n. 明天
ton [tʌn]
tongue [tʌŋ]
tonight [təˈnaɪt] adv. & n. 今晚,今夜
tool [tuːl]
tooth [tuːθ]
toothache [ˈtuːθeɪk]
toothbrush [ˈtuːθbrʌʃ]
toothpaste [ˈtuːθpeɪst]
topic [ˈtɒpɪk]
tourism [ˈtʊərɪzəm]
tourist [ˈtʊərɪst]
towel [ˈtaʊəl]
tower [ˈtaʊə]
town [taʊn]
toy [tɔɪ]
tractor [ˈtræktə]
traffic [ˈtræfɪk]
translation [trænsˈleɪʃn]
translator [trænsˈleɪtə]
traveler [ˈtrævələ]
treatment [ˈtriːtmənt]
treat (vt. 对待;治疗) 【例】
People were dissatisfied with the treatment of animals at the zoo.
动物园对待动物的方式令人不满。
tree [triː]
tribe [traɪb]
troop [truːp]
trousers [ˈtraʊzəz]
truck [trʌk]
truly [ˈtruːli] adv. 真正地,真实地
T-shirt [tiːʃɜːt]
tutor [ˈtjuːtə]
tutorial
(n. 指南 adj. 大学导师的)
TV [ˌtiːˈviː]
twin [twɪn]
typewriter [ˈtaɪpraɪtə]
typist [ˈtaɪpɪst]
tyre [ˈtaɪə]
umbrella [ʌmˈbrelə]
uncle [ˈʌŋkl]
underground [ˌʌndəˈɡraʊnd] adj. 地下的
university [ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti]
upstairs [ˌʌpˈsteəz] adv. 在楼上,到楼上
useful [ˈjuːsfl] adj. 有用的,有益的
user [ˈjuːzə]
vase [vɑːz]
vast [vɑːst] adj. 巨大的,广阔的
VCD [ˌviːsiːˈdiː]
vegetable [ˈvedʒtəbl]
video [ˈvɪdiəʊ]
village [ˈvɪlɪdʒ]
villager [ˈvɪlɪdʒə]
violin [ˌvaɪəˈlɪn]
violinist [ˌvaɪəˈlɪnɪst]
visitor [ˈvɪzɪtə]
voice [vɔɪs]
volleyball [ˈvɒlibɔːl]
waiter [ˈweɪtə]
waiting-room [ˈweɪtɪŋruːm]
waitress [ˈweɪtrəs]
wall [wɔːl]
wallet [ˈwɒlɪt]
war [wɔː]
warm [wɔːm] adj. 暖和的;热情的
washroom [ˈwɒʃruːm]
water [ˈwɔːtə]
we [wi] pron. 我们(主格)
weakness [ˈwiːknəs]
weather [ˈweðə]
web [web]
week [wiːk]
weekday [ˈwiːkdeɪ]
weekend [ˌwiːkˈend]
weekly [ˈwiːkli] adj. 每周的
west [west] adj. 西边的 adv. 在西方,向西
westwards [ˈwestwədz] adv. 向西
whale [weɪl]
wheat [wiːt]
white [waɪt] adj. 白(色)的
wife [waɪf]
wildlife [ˈwaɪldlaɪf]
wind [wɪnd]
wind [waɪnd] vt. (wound, wound, winding)
盘绕,旋转
window [ˈwɪndəʊ]
wine [waɪn]
wing [wɪŋ]
winner [ˈwɪnə]
winter [ˈwɪntə]
wire [ˈwaɪə]
wolf [wʊlf]
woman [ˈwʊmən]
wood [wʊd]
wool [wʊl]
worker [ˈwɜːkə]
world [wɜːld]
worm [wɜːm]
wrong [rɒŋ] adj. 错误的
X-ray [ˈeksreɪ]
yard [jɑːd]
year [jɪə]
yellow [ˈjeləʊ]
yes [jes] adv. 是;好;同意
yesterday [ˈjestədeɪ]
you [ju] pron. 你;你们(主格,宾格)
young [jʌŋ] adj. 年轻的
your [jɔː] pron. 你的;你们的(形容词性物主代词)
yours [jɔːz] pron. 你的;你们的(名词性物主代词)
yourself [jɔːˈself] pron. 你自己(反身代词)
yourselves [jɔːˈselvz] pron. 你们自己(反身代词)
zero [ˈzɪərəʊ]
zone [zəʊn]
zoo [zuː]
| 基数词 | 基数词 | 序数词 | 序数词 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | one | 1st | first |
| 2 | two | 2nd | second |
| 3 | three | 3rd | third |
| 4 | four | 4th | fourth |
| 5 | five | 5th | fifth |
| 6 | six | 6th | sixth |
| 7 | seven | 7th | seventh |
| 8 | eight | 8th | eighth |
| 9 | nine | 9th | ninth |
| 10 | ten | 10th | tenth |
| 11 | eleven | 11th | eveventh |
| 12 | twelve | 12th | twelfth |
| 13 | thirteen | 13th | thirteenth |
| 14 | fourteen | 14th | fourteenth |
| 15 | fifteen | 15th | fifteenth |
| 16 | sixteen | 16th | sixteenth |
| 17 | seventeen | 17th | seventeenth |
| 18 | eighteen | 18th | eighteenth |
| 19 | nineteen | 19th | nineteenth |
| 20 | twenty | 20th | twentieth |
| 30 | thirty | 30th | thirtieth |
| 40 | forty | 40th | fortieth |
| 50 | fifty | 50th | fiftieth |
| 60 | sixty | 60th | sixtieth |
| 70 | seventy | 70th | seventieth |
| 80 | eighty | 80th | eightieth |
| 90 | ninety | 90th | ninetieth |
| 100 | one hundred | 100th | one hundredth |
| 101 | one hundred and one | 101st | one hundred and first |
| 102 | one hundred and two | 102nd | one hundred and second |
| 200 | two hundred | 200th | two hundredth |
| 1000 | one thousand | 1000th | one thousandth |
| 2000 | two thousand | 2000th | two thousandth |
| 10000 | ten thousand | 10000th | ten thousandth |
| 100 0000 | one million | 100 0000th | one millionth |
| 1 000 000 000 | one billion | 1 000 000 000th | one billionth |
| 月份 | 月份 | 简写 |
|---|---|---|
| 一月 | January | Jan. |
| 二月 | February | Feb. |
| 三月 | March | Mar. |
| 四月 | April | Apr. |
| 五月 | May | May |
| 六月 | June | Jun. |
| 七月 | July | Jul. |
| 八月 | August | Aug. |
| 九月 | September | Sep./Sept. |
| 十月 | October | Oct. |
| 十一月 | November | Nov. |
| 十二月 | December | Dec. |
| 星期 | 星期 | 简写 |
|---|---|---|
| 星期一 | Monday | Mon. |
| 星期二 | Tuesday | Tues. |
| 星期三 | Wednesday | Wed. |
| 星期四 | Thursday | Thurs. |
| 星期五 | Friday | Fri. |
| 星期六 | Saturday | Sta. |
| 星期日 | Sunday | Sun. |
delve [delv]
elicit [ɪˈlɪsɪt]
regent [ˈriːdʒənt]
burgeon [ˈbɜːdʒən]
barely [ˈbeəli] adv. 仅仅,几乎不;赤裸裸地,无遮蔽地
【例】Rainfall barely penetrates the soil in this area.
在该地区,降雨很少渗入土壤。
hierarchy [ˈhaɪərɑːki]
easy-going [ˌiːzi ˈɡəʊɪŋ] adj.
脾气随和的,心平气和的;随便的 【例】The interviews don’t tell you if
applicants are easy-going or hatesmoking or whatever.
从面试中你看不出求职者是否随和或者讨厌吸烟之类的。
philosophy [fəˈlɒsəfi]
philosopher
(n. 哲学家,哲人)
chronic [ˈkrɒnɪk] adj. (疾病)慢性的;积习难改的 【例】Jim
suffers from chronic back pain after the car-wreck.
车祸后吉姆一直受背痛的折磨。 【参】inveterate (adj.
根深蒂固的;成癖的)
desirable [dɪˈzaɪərəbl] adj.
值得拥有的;合意的;可取的,有利的 【参】desire
n./v.渴望,期望 【例】Selecting the right person for the job involves
more thanidentifying the essential or desirable range of skills.
为一份工作选择合适的人选,不能只看此人是否拥有胜任这份工作的基本技能和相应专长。
consortium [kənˈsɔːtɪəm]
buckle [ˈbʌkl]
curry [ˈkʌri]
subliminal [ˌsʌbˈlɪmɪnl] adj. 下意识的,潜意识的 【例】How
we look sends all sorts of subliminal messages to otherpeople.
我们的外表向其他人传达了各种潜在的信息。 【参】subliminally
(adv. 下意识地,潜意识地)
chamber [ˈtʃeɪmbə(r)]
cave(n.洞,穴,地窖)
【例】In the brood chamber below, the bees will stash honey to eatlater.
在蜂巢的下部,蜜蜂会贮藏蜂蜜,以供日后食用。
prosperous [ˈprɒspərəs] adj. 繁荣的,兴旺的;成功的
【例】My grandfather once was a prosperous Britain businessman.
我祖父曾是一名成功的英国商人。
bet [bet]
resort [rɪˈzɔːt]
equity [ˈekwəti]
excavate [ˈekskəveɪt]
dig(v.挖(洞、沟等),掘) 【例】Some large species
of dung beetles originating from Franceexcavate tunnels to a depth of
approximately 30 cm below the dung
pat.一些源自法国的大型蜣螂品种会在粪堆下挖一条大约30厘米深的隧道。
mutual [ˈmjuːtʃuəl] adj.
相互的;共同的;mutuals 通常形容网络社交媒体上的互关
【例】They soon discovered a mutual interest in music.
很快,他们发现他们对音乐有着共同的兴趣。
density [ˈdensəti]
dense(adj. 密集的;浓厚的)
【例】The house has some high-density insulation materials in the roof.
房子的屋顶采用了一些高密度的绝缘材料。
massive [ˈmæsɪv] adj.
大而重的,厚实的,粗大的;大量的,大规模的 【例】In Tokyo builders are
planning a massive underground city to bebegun in the next decade.
在东京,建筑者们正计划在接下来的十年里建造一个大型地下城。
rig [rɪg] vt. 操纵,垄断
n. 船桅(或船帆等)的装置;成套器械
【参】rag(n.破布,抹布) 【例】The defeated candidate
claimed that the election was rigged.
落选的候选者称选举被人操纵了。
impart [ɪmˈpɑːt] vt. 给予,赋予;传授;告知,透露 【例】 He
told me not to impart it to anyone without his ownpermission.
他告诉我,未经他本人允许不可以把此事透露给任何人。
forfeit [ˈfɔːfɪt]
counteract [ˌkaʊntərˈækt]
ventilation [ˌventɪˈleɪʃn]
ventilate (vt.
使通风) 【例】In the noisiest areas mechanical ventilation will have to
beinstalled in the exterior walls.
在噪音最大的区域,必须在外墙安装机械通风设备。
intermediate [ˌɪntəˈmiːdiət] adj. 中间的,中级的 n. 中间物
【例】Students who have reached an intermediate level benefit
fromlearning general English skills.
那些英语水平达到中级的学生从英语综合技能学习中受益匪浅。
eternal [ɪˈtɜːnl] adj. 永恒的 【参】 endless
(adj. 无止境的);everlasting (adj.
永恒的,持久的);permanent (adj. 永久的,持久的)
momentary (adj. 瞬间的,刹那的);temporary
(adj. 暂时的) 【例】The supersession of the old by the new is a
general, eternal andinviolable law of the universe.
新旧更迭是宇宙间普遍的、永恒的、不可违背的规律。
invasion [ɪnˈveɪʒn]
invade [ɪnˈveɪd](v.
侵犯,侵入,侵略,侵袭)invader (n. 侵略者) 【例】The
freedom from foreign invasion enables a country todevelop its natural
resources steadily.
不受外来侵略可以使一国的自然资源得到稳定的开发。
nevertheless [ˌnevəðəˈles] adv. 尽管如此;然而,不过
【例】He was tired. Nevertheless he kept on working.
他累了,不过他仍然继续工作。
inspiring [ɪnˈspaɪərɪŋ] adj.
鼓舞(或激励)人心的;启发灵感的 【例】King was an inspiring tutor.
金是一位激励人心的导师。
attendance [əˈtendəns]
attend (v.
出席;照顾,护理)
optional [ˈɒpʃənl] adj. 可选择的,非强制的,随意的;选修的
【例】 Is geography an optional course, or does everyone have to
learnit? 地理是选修课吗,还是每个人都必须学习它?
【参】option (n. 选择;选择权)
heal [hiːl]
cure [kjʊə](n./v.治疗,医好)
【例】The wound took months to heal. 这个伤口花了几个月才愈合。
enable [ɪˈneɪbl] vt. 使能够,使成为可能 【例】 The bank
service enables you to withdraw cash from youraccount at any time.
这种银行服务使你能随时从账户中取钱。
dismantle [dɪsˈmæntl] vt. 拆除;废除,取消 【例】 Most
people have been forced to dismantle their individualistichomes and
return to more conventional lifestyles.
大多数人被迫拆除了他们极具个性的房子,回归更加传统的生活方式。
landscape [ˈlændskeɪp]
emotion [ɪˈməʊʃn]
commonwealth [ˈkɒmənwelθ]
newsletter [ˈnjuːzletə(r)]
periodical [ˌpɪəriˈɒdɪkl]
period (n. 时期,周期)periodically
(adv. 周期地;定期地,按时地) journal
(n. 定期刊物,杂志);magazine (n. 杂志,期刊)
clip [klɪp]
clutch (v.
抓住)
apace [əˈpeɪs] adv. 快速地,急速地 【例】 The research went
on apace. 研究进展迅速。
yield [jiːld]
grunt [ɡrʌnt]
region [ˈriːdʒən]
regional [ˈriːdʒənl] adj.
局部范围的;地方(性)的,区域性的;全地区的,整个地区的 【例】Our group
won the regional champion. 我们小组赢得了地区冠军。
code [kəʊd]
item
fabrication [ˌfæbrɪˈkeɪʃn]
fabricated(adj.虚构的 v.制造;装配;组装;捏造;编造;)
【例】The paper is a pure fabrication. 这篇论文纯粹是无稽之谈。
series [ˈsɪəriːz]
variation [ˌveəriˈeɪʃn]
variate
n.变量;变量,变数,机遇数,变值; variable
n.变量;可变因素;可变情况 adj.多变的;易变的;变化无常的;可更改的
【例】Variations and combinations of these two hat shapes formed the
basis of the pupil’s final designs.
这两种帽子外形的改变和相互融合构成了那个小学生最终设计的基础。
margin [ˈmɑːdʒɪn]
distraction [dɪˈstrækʃn]
complicate [ˈkɒmplɪkeɪt] vt. 使变复杂 【例】This problem
was complicated beyond all reason.
这个问题被毫无道理地复杂化了。
extent [ɪkˈstent]
stint [stɪnt]
evacuate [ɪˈvækjueɪt]
evacuation
(n. 撤退,撤离)remove (vt.
移动;开除);depart (v. 离开) 【例】The hotel’s fire
officer will instruct you in how to evacuate the building if a fire
breaks out. 旅馆的消防人员会告诉你们万一着火该如何撤离。
embankment [ɪmˈbæŋkmənt]
squash [skwɒʃ]
federation [ˌfedəˈreɪʃn]
federal (adj. 联邦的) 【例】A study
by the European Federation for Transport found that car transport is
seven times as costly as rail travel.
欧洲运输联盟的一项研究发现,汽车运输所需的费用是铁路运输费用的七倍。
surge [sɜːdʒ]
throng (v. 成群地移动,拥塞);gush
(v. 涌出);rise(n./v. 上升,增加) 【例】Magma had
surged into the volcano from the Earth’s mantle.
岩浆从地幔流出,涌入火山。
justify [ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ] vt. 证明…为正当的;为…辩护 【例】To
justify this claim, the arguer provided a lot of evidence.
为了证明这个主张是正当的,论证者提供了许多证据。
cooperation [kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃn]
migration [maɪˈgreɪʃn]
migrate (v.
迁移)immigration (n.移民) 【例】The migration patterns
of animals are related to the number of the kind of animal.
动物的迁徙方式与其种群的数量相关。
diagnose [ˈdaɪəgnəʊz]
denote [dɪˈnəʊt]
signify (v.
表示,意味);indicate (v. 指出;显示);mean
(v. 意味,用意) 【例】The uniforms denoted a hierarchy.
这些制服体现了一种等级关系。
chink [tʃɪŋk]
iris [ˈaɪrɪs]
resource [rɪˈsɔːs]
epitomise [ɪˈpɪtəmaɪz] vt. 集中体现;概括 【例】 Indeed, in
many respects the Siriono epitomise the popular conception of life in
Amazonia.
的确,西里奥诺人的生活在很多方面集中体现了亚马孙河流域普遍的生活理念。
summit [ˈsʌmɪt]
ensure [ɪnˈʃʊə(r)] vt. 确保,保证;担保;赋予 【例】 How
can you ensure that your diet contains enough of the vitamins you need?
你怎样才能确保你的饮食中包含了自己所需的足量的维生素呢?
odour [ˈəʊdə(r)]
tender [ˈtendə(r)] adj. 嫩的;脆弱的;温柔的 【例】Chicken
is tender and delicious. 鸡肉肉嫩味美。
seep [siːp]
delinquency [dɪˈlɪŋkwənsi]
delinquent(adj. 有违法倾向的)
【例】Network is becoming the hotbed of juvenile delinquency.
网络正成为青少年犯罪的温床。
deliberate [dɪˈlɪbərət]adj [dɪˈlɪbəreɪt] adj.
故意的;深思熟虑的;从容不迫的 v. 深思熟虑 【参】ponder
(v. 沉思,考虑) hasty (adj.
匆忙的,草率的)deliberately adv.故意地 【例】Wilson has a
slow, deliberate way of acting. 威尔逊动作缓慢而谨慎。
implication [ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃn]
involvement (n. 包含;连累) 【例】What would be the
implications if humanity were to understand, with precision, the genetic
constitution? 如果人类准确破译了基因的构成,那将意味着什么呢?
opponent [əˈpəʊnənt]
decisive [dɪˈsaɪsɪv] adj. 决定性的;果断的
【参】decide (v. 决定) 【例】 Automobiles and televisions
have the most decisive influences on people’s habits.
汽车和电视对人们的生活习惯最具决定性的影响。
substantial [səbˈstænʃl] adj.
可观的,大量的;坚固的,结实的;实质的;大体上的
【参】substantially (adv. 充分地;可观地;实质上)
【例】The smoke experienced daily by many people is enough to produce
substantial adverse effects on the heart and lungs.
很多人日常所吸入的(香烟)烟雾就足以对他们的心脏和肺产生巨大的副作用。
viewpoint [ˈvjuːpɔɪnt]
nurture [ˈnɜːtʃə(r)] vt. 培养;滋养 n. 营养品
【参】nourish (vt. 养育,喂养);cultivate
(vt. 培育;培养);foster (v. 养育;培养) 【例】We need
to seek and nurture new talents. 我们需要发掘和培养新人才。
genetic [dʒəˈnetɪk] adj. 遗传的;基因的 n. [-s] 遗传学
【参】genetical (adj.
遗传的;起源的)hereditary (adj.
遗传的);inherited (adj.
遗传的);congenital (adj. 先天的,天生的)
【例】Genetic inheritance determines a baby’s characteristics.
遗传基因决定了婴儿的特征。
similarly [ˈsɪmələli] adv. 同样地,类似地
【例】 All students in this school wear similarly
unconventionally-cutsuits.
这所学校所有的学生都穿着剪裁新颖、款式相同的服装。
juggle [ˈdʒʌɡl]
impede [ɪmˈpiːd] vt. 阻碍,妨碍 【例】The lack of a common
language can severely impede progress.
缺少一种通用语言会严重阻碍进程。
biological [ˌbaɪəˈlɒdʒɪkl] adj.
生物的;生物学的,有关生物学的 【例】Scientists are doing research to
find the biological effects of radiation.
科学家正在进行研究,想发现辐射的生物效应。
deduce [dɪˈdjuːs]
doctorate [ˈdɒktərət] n.博士学位 【例】After getting his
doctorate last year, he decided to continue that research.
去年取得博士学位后,他决定继续那项研究。
internship [ˈɪntɜːnʃɪp]
slender [ˈslendə(r)] adj.
修长的,细长的,苗条的;微小的,微薄的 【参】slenderness
(n. 苗条,纤细) 【例】Many families are still living on slender
earnings. 许多家庭仍然靠微薄的收入度日。
respondent [rɪˈspɒndənt]
surroundings [səˈraʊndɪŋz]
submarine [ˌsʌbməˈriːn]
underwater(adj.
水面下的);submerged(adj. 在水下的) 【例】Residual heat
in the submarine would disappear very quickly in these Arctic waters.
在北极水域,潜水艇里的余热会迅速消失。
notion [ˈnəʊʃn]
lavatory [ˈlævətri]
niche [niːʃ] adj. (产品)针对特定小群体的 n. 合宜的小环境
【例】In the developed world, the device is aimed at niche markets where
tap water is unavailable—for camping, on boats, or for the military, for
instance.
在发达国家,该设备的目标市场是无自来水可用的小众市场,例如用于露营、乘船或军队。
irritation [ˌɪrɪˈteɪʃn]
irritate (vt.
激怒;刺激) 【例】 Tom couldn’t hide his irritation that he failed the
exam. 汤姆无法掩饰自己因考试不及格而产生的恼怒情绪。
mandatory [ˈmændətɔːri] adj.强制性的;强制的;法定的;义务的;
n.受托者;
【参】compulsory(adj.(课程)必修的;强制的;义务的;必须做的)
【例】Many increases in government expenditure are fixed or mandatory.
许多政府支出的增长是固定或强制性的。
enforced [ɪnˈfɔːrst] adj.强迫的;强制性的;
v.强制执行,强行实施(法律或规定);强迫;迫使;
【参】force [fɔːs](vt.强迫,迫使 n.力量,武力) 【例】The
teacher explained the enforced cause and effect in the experiment.
老师解释了实验中的强制的因果关系。
muddle [ˈmʌdl]
originate [əˈrɪdʒɪneɪt]
origination(n. 起源);originator
(n. 发起者,发明人);originative (adj. 有创作力的)
【例】According to my research, this type of banana actually originated
in China. 根据我的研究,事实上,这种香蕉起源于中国。
induce [ɪnˈdjuːs] vt. 引诱,劝使;引起,导致;感应 【记】in
进入 duc 引导 e 引进去 引诱;引导 【参】inducement
(n. 引诱;劝诱);inducible (adj.
可诱导的,可诱发的)deduce(v. 演绎,推断) 【例】Nothing
would induce me to change my idea. 任何事都不能使我改变主意。
atomic [əˈtɒmɪk] adj. 原子(能)的 【例】Atomic energy
powers the submarine. 原子能给潜艇提供动力。
disharmony [ˌdɪsˈhɑːməni]
cosset [ˈkɒsɪt] vt. 宠爱,溺爱 n. 宠儿 【记】cos
看作cost花费,set固定,固定每天花一大笔钱为某人买礼物,宠爱溺爱
【例】Tom is one who cossets his health.
汤姆是个悉心保养身体的人。
silt [sɪlt]
inclusive [ɪnˈkluːsɪv] adj.
包括一切费用在内的;所有数目(或首尾日期)包括在内的;包容广阔的
【参】inclusively(adv. 全部);include (v.
包含,包括) 【例】The fully inclusive fee for the trip to that country
will be higher in summer vacation.
暑假去那个国家旅行的全部费用会高一些。
transcript [ˈtrænskrɪpt]
abode [əˈbəʊd]
gadget [ˈgædʒɪt]
gadgetry
(n. 小器具,小装置) 【例】We have tried out some of the latest gadgets
on show. 我们试用了展出的一些最新的小玩意。
legacy [ˈlegəsi]
leisure [ˈleʒə(r)]
overlap [ˌəʊvəˈlæp]
counterpart [ˈkaʊntəpɑːt]
vanish [ˈvænɪʃ]
mechanism [ˈmekənɪzəm]
dispute [dɪˈspjuːt]
workaholic [ˌwɜːkəˈhɒlɪk]
unaware [ˌʌnəˈweə(r)] adj. 未意识到的 【例】He was unaware
of my entry into the room. 他没意识到我已经走进了房间。
erosion [ɪˈrəʊʒn]
corrosion
(n. 侵蚀,腐蚀);deterioration (n. 退化,恶化)
【例】Often dams are built to protect the area from soil erosion and to
serve as permanent sources of water.
人们建造水坝常常是为了防止水土流失,并将水坝(所在地)作为永久的水源。
exclusively [ɪkˈskluːsɪvli] adv. 专有地,专门地 【例】In
open-cut operations, the land is used exclusively for mining, but land
rehabilitation measures generally progress with the mine’s development.
在露天开采时,土地仅限采矿使用,但土地复原措施的实行通常与采矿的进度保持一致。
pronounceable [prəˈnaʊnsəbl]
adj.(指声音)发得出的;(指词)可发音的 【例】We wonder if there is a
way to generate random but pronounceable passwords.
我们想知道是否有一种方法能够产生可读的随机密码。
ion [ˈaɪən]
ionizer (n. 负离子发生器) 【例】The ion
propulsion system was first activated. 离子推进系统首先被激活。
intercept [ˌɪntəˈsept]
hose [həʊz]
internal [ɪnˈtɜːnl] adj. 内部的;国内的 【例】The theory
lacks internal consistency. 这种理论缺乏内在统一性。
cruise [kruːz]
illusion [ɪˈluːʒn]
mirage [məˈrɑːʒ]
marriage(n.结婚,婚姻)
【例】Our honeymoon was two days in Las Vegas at a luxurious hotel
called Le Mirage
我们的蜜月是在拉斯维加斯一家名为“海市蜃楼”的豪华酒店住了两天。
pierce [pɪəs]
incredible [ɪnˈkredəbl] adj. 不可信的;难以置信的 【例】The
facts have been distorted to an incredible degree.
事实已被歪曲到不可信的地步了。
vertebrate [ˈvɜːtɪbrət]
vertebra(n. 脊椎骨)
【例】Even without further expansion they could save around 2,000
species of endangered land vertebrates.
即使没有更大规模的扩展,他们仍能拯救大约2,000种濒危陆生脊椎动物。
industrious [ɪnˈdʌstriəs] adj. 勤奋的,勤勉的,勤劳的
【参】industry(n.工业;产业) 【例】 Li Ming used to be
such an industrious student that he usually got the first grade.
李明过去学习非常勤奋,总是排名年级第一。
intestine [ɪnˈtestɪn]
outpost [ˈaʊtpəʊst]
consignment [kənˈsaɪnmənt]
administrator [ədˈmɪnɪstreɪtə(r)]
convention [kənˈvenʃn]
conventional (adj.
习惯的,常规的;符合习俗的);conventionally (adv.
按照惯例地);unconventional (adj. 非传统的) 【例】The
city’s convention center is also a famous landmark in the country.
该市的会议中心也是这个国家的一个著名地标。
organic [ɔːˈgænɪk] adj. 器官的;有机的;有机体的;组织的
【例】 Many synthetic polymers are organic compounds.
很多合成聚合物都是有机化合物。
trapeze [trəˈpiːz]
intersection [ˌɪntəˈsekʃn]
crossroad(n. 十字路口)
【例】The intersections of these streets with Main Street will not be
affected. 这些道路与主干道的交叉口将不会受到影响。
cardiovascular [ˌkɑːdiəʊˈvæskjələ(r)] adj. 心血管的
【例】People who smoke cigarettes are continually damaging their
cardiovascular system. 吸烟者在不断地损害自身的心血管系统。
humble [ˈhʌmbl] adj.
谦逊的,谦虚的;地位(或身份)低下的,卑贱的;简陋的,低劣的 vt.
使谦恭;使卑下;贬低 【例】They do not wish to return to the humble
post-war era. 他们不希望回到那可怜的战后年代。I was humbled by her
generosity. 她的大度让我觉得自己渺小。
brass [brɑːs]
fauna [ˈfɔːnə]
expel [ɪkˈspel] vt. 把…开除;驱逐 【例】 John has been
expelled from the firm and is operating on his own.
约翰被那家公司开除了,现在自己单干。Conrad expelled the enemy from his
dominions. 康拉德将敌人驱逐出自己的领地。
equator [ɪˈkweɪtə(r)]
divisional [dɪˈvɪʒənl] adj.(军队或大型机构)部门的
【例】Each branch has a divisional head. 每个分部都有部门领导。the
divisional commander(headquarters)
invest [ɪnˈvest]
investment
(n. 投资,投入);investor(n. 投资者) 【例】Supermarkets
are able to invest millions of pounds in powerful computers which tell
them what sells best.
超市可投资数百万英镑用于购买功能强大的计算机,这些计算机能告诉他们什么最畅销。
dedicate [ˈdedɪkeɪt] vt.
致力于,献身于;把(书、戏剧等作品)献给… 【参】devote(vt.
投入于,献身于) 【例】We have come to dedicate a portion of that field
as a final resting place for those who gave their lives here.
我们已经贡献出那片土地的一部分,作为那些在此献出了生命的人们的安息之地。
astrology [əˈstrɒlədʒi]
ultimate [ˈʌltɪmət] adj. 最后的,最终的;根本的
n. 最好(或先进、伟大等)的事物;最终的事实
【参】ultimately (adv. 最后,终于) 【例】For early
explorers, it was the ultimate survival contest.
对于早期探险家来说,这是终极生存竞赛。
counsellor [ˈkaʊnsələ(r)]
consult(v.咨询;请教,商议;查询) 【例】Paula
Clayburg is the chief counsellor at Liverpool’s famous pain clinic.
保拉·克莱伯格是利物浦一家著名止痛诊所的首席顾问。
flap [flæp]
clap(v.拍手,鼓掌)agitation(n. 骚动,不安);commotion(n. 骚动,动乱);flutter(v.
振翼;飘动)
wastage [ˈweɪstɪdʒ]
dub [dʌb]
device [dɪˈvaɪs]
regulate [ˈreɡjuleɪt]
regulation
(n. 规章;管理) 【例】More than 300 dams regulate river flows around
the country. 有300多座大坝控制着全国的河水流量。
mould [məʊld]
bacterium
n.(pl.bacteria)细菌 【例】A mould might prove to be a successful
antibody to bacterial infection.
某种霉可能会被证明是细菌感染的有效抗体。
discretion [dɪˈskreʃn]
discreet(adj.
小心的,谨慎的) 【例】The services that the bank will offer you will
depend on your individual circumstances and on the discretion of the
bank manager involved.
银行提供给你的服务将取决于你的个人情况和相关银行经理的判断力。
ambitious [æmˈbɪʃəs] adj. 有抱负的,有雄心的,有野心的
【例】The Human Genome Project is the most ambitious scientific project
since the Apollo programme, which landed a man on the moon.
人类基因工程是继阿波罗登月计划后最具雄心的科学项目。
clamour [ˈklæmə(r)] n.吵闹;喧闹声;嘈杂声;民众的要求
v.大声(或吵闹)地要求;(尤指乱哄哄地)大声地喊叫
【反】calm [kɑːm] adj.镇静的,沉着的 v.镇静,沉着
【参】claim(n. 要求);proclamation(n. 宣言);reclamation(n. 回收;开垦)
【例】The clamour from the backyard drew us out of the house.
后院的喧哗把我们引出了房子。
striking [ˈstraɪkɪŋ] adj. 显著的,引人注目的
【参】strike [straɪk] vt.(struck, struck/stricken,
striking)罢工;侵袭;敲;擦燃 n.罢工 【例】The most striking quality of
satiric literature is its freshness.
讽刺文学最显著的特征是它的新颖性。
pirate [ˈpaɪrət]
attest [əˈtest]
minimise [ˈmɪnɪmaɪz] vt. 使减到最低限度;最小化 【例】The
adoption of clean energy will help minimise air pollution.
采用清洁能源有助于将空气污染降到最低程度。
imaginative [ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv] adj. 富有想象力的;创新的
【参】imagine(v. 想象) 【例】Hypotheses are imaginative
and inspirational in character, and are adventures of the mind.
臆测让人充满想象与灵感,它是思想的冒险。
decrepit [dɪˈkrepɪt] adj. 破旧的;衰老的
【参】decrepitude (n. 衰老,老朽;破旧) 【例】Our aim is
to remove the heaviest-polluting, most-decrepit vehicles from the roads.
我们的目标是清除公路上污染最严重、最破旧的车辆。
ignorant [ˈɪgnərənt] adj. 无知的;愚昧的
【参】ignore vt.不理睬;忽视 stupid(adj.
愚蠢的,迟钝的);retarded(adj. 弱智的,迟钝的) 【例】She
is very ignorant about her own job. 她非常不了解自己的工作。
mastery [ˈmɑːstəri]
precision [prɪˈsɪʒn]
quote [kwəʊt]
quotation(n. 引文;报价) 【例】The student quotes a
paragraph from the classical literature Macbeth.
那名学生引用了经典文学作品《麦克白》中的一段话。
comparative [kəmˈpærətɪv] adj. 比较的;相当的
【参】comparatively (adv. 相对地;相当地) 【例】Tom is
living in comparative comfort. 汤姆现在过得比较舒服。
recruit [rɪˈkruːt]
recruitment
(n. 招聘;吸收新成员);recruiter
(n. 征兵人员;为学校招生的人) 【例】You are among the two hundred
staff recruited to help look after the old.
你是被招聘来帮忙照顾老年人的200名员工之一。
gloss [glɒs]
exile [ˈeksaɪl] vt. 放逐,流放,使流亡
n. 流放,流亡;被流放者,背井离乡者,流犯 【参】expel (vt.
驱逐,开除);banish (vt. 流放,驱逐) 【例】The former
President was exiled for more than twenty years.
前总统被流放了二十多年。
reverse [rɪˈvɜːs]
reversal
(n. 颠倒,倒转);reversible (adj.
可反转的,可逆的)revoke(vt.
撤销,撤回);invert(vt.
使颠倒;使转化);converse (n. 相反的事物 adj.
相反的,颠倒的) 【例】Small rooms aren’t quite cheap in reverse.
小房间反而不是很便宜。
revoke [rɪˈvoʊk]
v.撤回,撤销;(桥牌、惠斯特等牌戏中)有牌不跟 n.有牌不跟
【参】revert(v.回复,恢复(到原来状态、情况或做法))
thrive [θraɪv]
consequently [ˈkɒnsɪkwəntli] adv. 因此,因而
【参】consequence n.结果,后果 【例】Mr. Foster has never
been to China. Consequently he knows very little about it.
福斯特先生从未到过中国,所以对中国知之甚少。
entertain [ˌentəˈteɪn]
entertainment
(n. 娱乐;招待) 【例】The spectators go to be entertained rather than
out of loyalty to a team.
观众去观看体育比赛与其说是忠于某支球队,还不如说是为了娱乐。
withstand [wɪðˈstænd] vt. 抵挡;经受住 【例】A desert
animal can withstand high body temperatures.
生活在沙漠中的动物可以忍受较高的体温。
anthropologist [ˌænθrəˈpɒlədʒɪst]
anthropic(adj.人类的;有关人类的,人类的) 【例】The
lecturer is an anthropologist. 演讲者是位人类学家。
suitably [ˈsuːtəbli] adv. 合适地,适宜地,相称地
【例】Based on the soil requirements, the land is suitably fertilised.
根据土壤的条件,土地被适当施肥。
pinpoint [ˈpɪnpɔɪnt]
pulley [ˈpʊli]
infrastructure [ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)]
intern [ɪnˈtɜːn] vt. 拘禁,软禁
[ˈɪntɜːn] n. 实习生;实习医生
【参】internship [ˈɪntɜːnʃɪp](n. 实习生身份;实习医师;(学生或毕业生的)实习期)
【例】Helen worked as an intern in that hospital last year.
海伦去年在那家医院实习。
repaint [riːˈpeɪnt]
migratory [ˈmaɪɡrətri] adj. 迁徙的,移居的;流动的,游牧的
【参】immigration(n.移民)
migration(n. 迁徙;移居;移民) 【例】There are lots of
birds in this national forest park, both resident and migratory.
这个国家森林公园里有很多鸟,有留鸟也有候鸟。
inlet [ˈɪnlet]
censor [ˈsensə(r)] vt. 审查,检查(书报) n. 审查员
【参】censorship (n. 审查制度) 【例】Should films and
television be censored or should we be free to choose what we see?
电影和电视应该接受审查还是应该由我们自由选择去看什么?
sensor [ˈsensər]
n.(探测光、热、压力等的)传感器,敏感元件,探测设备
hazard [ˈhæzəd]
hazardous (adj. 危险的,冒险的) 【例】Traffic
pollution is a major health hazard. 交通污染是主要的健康公害。
rear [rɪə(r)] adj. 后方的,后部的;背后的 n. 后部,尾部 v.
饲养,抚养;种植 【例】Mary’s office is next to the rear entrance.
玛丽的办公室挨着后门。
shareholder [ˈʃeəhəʊldə(r)]
alight [əˈlaɪt] adj. 燃烧着的 vi.
降落,飞落;从(公共汽车等)下来 【例】The earliest peoples probably
stored fire by keeping slow burning logs alight or by carrying charcoal
in pots.
最原始人类保存火种的方法可能是让缓慢燃烧的原木保持不灭,或是将木炭装进罐子里。
shrewd [ʃruːd] adj. 机灵的;精明的 【参】smart
(adj. 聪明的);keen (adj. 敏锐的,聪明的)
dull (adj. 迟钝的) 【例】 This politician was passionate
and shrewd. 这位政治家富有激情又不失精明。
explosive [ɪkˈspləʊsɪv]
explode(v.(使)爆炸;爆发) 【例】The bomb was
packed with several pounds of explosive. 这枚炸弹装有几磅炸药。
inherent [ɪnˈherənt] adj. 内在的;生来就有的 【参】
natural (adj. 天生的,本能的);inborn (adj.
天生的);innate (adj. 与生俱来的)
【像】inherit [ɪnˈherɪ/](v.继承(金钱、财产等);继任;接替(责任等);经遗传获得(品质、身体特征等))
【例】Women have an inherent love of beauty. 女人天生爱美。
world-wide [ˈwɜːld waɪd] adj. 遍及全球的 adv. 遍及全球地
【例】The use of artificial fertilizers world-wide increased by 40
percent per unit of farmed land between the mid 1970s and late 1980s.
从20世纪70年代中期到80年代末,在全世界范围内每单位耕地的人造化肥使用量增长了40%。
grope [grəʊp]
grape(n.葡萄) 【例】The man groped
for the light switch in the dark room.
男子在黑洞洞的屋里摸索着寻找电灯开关。
lever [ˈliːvə(r)] vt. (用杠杆)撬动 n. 杠杆;施压手段
【参】tool (n. 工具,手段);means
(n. 方法,手段,工具) 【像】liver
n.肝脏;(动物供食用的)肝记忆 【例】He levered a box open to reveal an
antique vase. 他撬开箱子,里面露出一个古董花瓶。TQQQ is a 3x leveraged
ETF. TQQQ 是一只三倍杠杆 ETF。
ethical [ˈeθɪkl] adj.(有关)道德的;伦理的 【例】The
behavior is not strictly ethical.
严格来讲,这种行为是不道德的。
improvement [ɪmˈpruːvmənt]
truant [ˈtruːənt]
scandal [ˈskændl]
scandalize〔vt.
使(某人)愤慨或震惊〕;scandalous
(adj.出丑的,可耻的;诽谤的) 【例】The scandal destroyed the
government’s image completely. 这件丑闻完全毁了政府的形象。
latent [ˈleɪtnt] adj. 潜在的,潜伏的,不易察觉的
【参】potential(adj. 潜在的;可能的 n. 潜力,潜能)
【例】He still has latent force to develop in study and research.
在学习和研究方面,他仍有潜力可挖。
tenant [ˈtenənt]
lodger
(n. 投宿者);leaseholder (n. 承租人) 【例】The
furniture was left by the former tenant.
这些家具是上个房客留下来的。
psychiatric [ˌsaɪkiˈætrɪk] adj. 精神病的;治疗精神病的
【例】Jim suffered from a psychiatric disorder. 吉姆精神紊乱。
bolster [ˈbəʊlstə(r)] vt. 支持,支撑;改善 n. 垫枕 【例】To
protect airports near the sea, the coastline is being bolstered with
twelve kilometres of sea defences.
为了保护近海的机场,海岸线上支起了12千米长的沿海防护栏。
immigrant [ˈɪmɪgrənt]
migratory(adj.
迁徙的,移居的;流动的,游牧的)immigration(n.移民)migration(n. 迁徙;移居;移民)
【例】This immigrant’s citizenship was revoked because he had concealed
his criminal record. 这位移民因为隐瞒了犯罪记录而被取消了国籍。
sequence [ˈsiːkwəns]
consequence(n.结果,后果) 【例】 Scientists were
able to analyse the sequence of events.
科学家能够分析事件发生的先后顺序。
ecosystem [ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm]
transfer [trænsˈfɜː(r)] [ˈtrænsfɜː(r)]
transference(n. 转移;转让);transferable
(adj. 可转移的) 【例】Pollen can be transferred by birds that come
into contact with flowers. 花粉可以通过与花接触过的鸟来传播。
exotic [ɪɡˈzɒtɪk] adj. 外来的;奇异的;醒目的,吸引人的
【参】foreign(adj.
外国的,外来的)native(adj.
本国的,本地的);indigenous(adj. 本土的) 【例】 Their
exotic apparel stands them out from the locals.
奇装异服将他们与当地人区分开来。
evaporate [ɪˈvæpəreɪt]
evaporation
(n. 蒸发;消失)vanish (vi.
消失);vaporize〔v. (使)蒸发〕 【例】 He thought water
could evaporate quickly in sandy soils.
他认为水在砂土中会很快蒸发。
destiny [ˈdestəni]
destined(adj. 命中注定的)
【像】density n. 密集;浓度,密度 【例】Mark was conscious
that music was not his destiny. 马克意识到音乐并不是他的最终归宿。
sore [sɔː(r)] adj. 痛的;恼火的;剧烈的 n. 疮
【参】sour(adj.酸的) 【例】He’s had so many colds and
sore throats recently.他最近常常感冒,嗓子也经常痛。
virtually [ˈvɜːtʃuəli] adv. 几乎,差不多;实际上,事实上
【参】virtual(adj.几乎…的;事实上的;虚拟的) 【例】There
is virtually no evidence to support his argument.
事实上没有任何证据可以支持他的论点。
tangibly [ˈtændʒəbli] adv. 可触摸地;可感知地;有形地
【例】 This improvement, while not tangibly measurable, has increased
the ability of management.
这一进步,虽然没法具体衡量,但是提高了管理能力。
windscreen [ˈwɪndskriːn]
decent [ˈdiːsnt] adj.
大方的,体面的,像样的;正派的,合乎礼仪的 【例】You can’t get anything
decent under $15. 花不到15美金不可能买到像样的东西。
alluvial [əˈluːviəl] adj.【地】冲积的,淤积的 【例】The
seabed here consisted of alluvial silt and mud deposits.
此地的海床由冲击到这里的细沙和沉积的淤泥构成。
slum [slʌm]
distill [dɪˈstɪl]
economical [ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkl] adj. 节约的;经济的 【参】
economically (adv. 节约地;经济上) 【例】The government
set some policies to help meet the demand for more economical use of
land. 政府制定了一些政策,以满足更为经济地利用土地的需要。
medication [ˌmedɪˈkeɪʃn]
medical(adj.医学的,医疗的)medicine(n.药)
【例】The doctor writes what medication you need on the prescription.
医生在处方上写了你需要吃的药。
radius [ˈreɪdiəs]
range
(n. 幅度,范围);parameter (n. [常pl.] 界限,范围)
【例】 Some local carpenters could only accept jobs in a three kilometer
radius. 当地的一些木匠只能接受方圆三千米内的工作。
fossil [ˈfɒsl]
wean [wiːn] vt. 使断奶;使戒掉 【例】It is hard to wean
children off picture books when pictures have played a major part
throughout their reading experiences.
当图画在孩子们的阅读中扮演着主要角色时,很难让他们去阅读不带图画的书籍。
comprise [kəmˈpraɪz] vt. 包含;由…组成 【例】The hotel
comprises 82 one-bedroom apartments and 12 suites.
这家酒店有82间单人床位的公寓和12间套房。
delta [ˈdeltə]
compliment [ˈkɒmplɪmənt]
execution [ˌeksɪˈkjuːʃn]
execute (v.
执行)executioner (n. 行刑者)
reign [reɪn]
regent(n. 摄政者(代国王统治者))foreign [ˈfɒrən]
adj.外国的 foreigner(n. 外国人) 【例】 Leo is an
ambitious man, who wants to reign over the country.
里奥是一个有野心的人,他想要统治整个国家。
heritage [ˈherɪtɪdʒ]
legacy
(n. 遗产,遗留之物,遗赠物);inheritance
(n. 遗产,继承物;遗赠) 【例】 The highland games are part of
Scotland’s cultural heritage. 高地竞技是苏格兰文化遗产的一部分。
depict [dɪˈpɪkt] vt. 描绘,描述
【参】depiction (n. 描绘,描述) describe
(v. 描写,描述);represent (vt.
表现,描绘);picture (vt. 画,描绘)
literacy [ˈlɪtərəsi]
illiteracy
(n. 文盲)literature(n. 文学(作品);文献) 【例】There
is a great concern in many nations about declining standards of literacy
in schools. 学校文化教育标准的降低令许多国家十分担心。
literally [ˈlɪtərəli]
adv.按照字面意义地,逐字地;真正地,确实地;(用于夸张地强调)简直
luxury [ˈlʌkʃəri]
luxuriant
(adj. 繁茂的;肥沃的) 【例】 He saved some money for luxuries such as
fine paintings. 他积攒了一些钱,想买一些精品油画之类的奢侈品。
dormancy [ˈdɔːmənsi]
dormitory(缩写为dorm)n.学生宿舍 【例】 That huge
volcano erupted after one hundred years of dormancy.
在长达一百年的休眠之后,那座巨大的火山又喷发了。
subscription [səbˈskrɪpʃn]
pitch [pɪtʃ]
pitcher(n. 投球手;大水壶) 【例】 The little device
can give off a high pitched noise when you whistle.
当你吹口哨时,这个小装置就会发出尖锐刺耳的声音。
entitle [ɪnˈtaɪtl] vt.
给…权利(或资格);给(书、文章等)题名;给…以称号 【例】As a member of
the museum you would be entitled to use the members’ lounge for
refreshments. 作为博物馆的会员,你有权在会员休息室内享用茶点。
shutter [ˈʃʌtə(r)]
shut (v.关闭) 【例】In
1889 an improved model with a new shutter design was introduced, and it
was called the No. 2 Kodak camera.
1889年推出的“柯达二号”是一款装有新型快门的改良型相机。
demolish [dɪˈmɒlɪʃ] vt. 破坏;拆除;驳倒(论点等),推翻
【例】Many of the buildings which were poorly designed and constructed
have been demolished. 许多设计和建造粗糙的建筑物都被拆除了。
durable [ˈdjʊərəbl]
durability
(n. 耐久性;耐用性)dure(v.持续,延续,忍耐
adj.严酷的,严厉的,苛刻的) 【例】 The table shows the consumer
durables (telephone,refrigerator, etc.) owned in Britain from 1972 to
1983.
该表格显示了从1972年到1983年英国耐用消费品(如电话、电冰箱等)的拥有情况。
cope [kəʊp]
microscope
(n.显微镜) telescope (n.望远镜) 【例】Books are
available to help employees cope with stress.
书籍有助于员工应对压力。
circulation [ˌsɜːkjəˈleɪʃn]
circulate (v. 循环,流通)flow
(n. 流动) 【例】 Nicotine and other toxins in cigarette will affect
blood circulation throughout the body.
香烟中的尼古丁和其他毒素会影响人体内的血液循环。
decay [dɪˈkeɪ]
distribution [ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃn]
defect [ˈdiːfekt] n. 缺点,不足之处
[dɪˈfekt] vi. 叛变 【参】defective (adj.
有缺点的;不完全的) 【例】Foetuses can be tested for genetic defects
while in the womb.
胎儿还在子宫里时就可以通过检查看其是否存在基因缺陷。
stuffy [ˈstʌfi] adj.
不透气的,(空气)不新鲜的,不通风的;乏味的
【参】staff [stɑːf] n.全体职员
ventilation(n. 空气流通;通风设备,通风方法) 【例】We’ve
installed air conditioning, so it won’t get so hot and stuffy.
我们安装了空调,因此不会太闷热。
excusable [ɪkˈskjuːzəbl] adj. 可原谅的;可谅解的;可容许的
【参】excuse(n./vt. 原谅) 【例】Absent-mindedness is an
excusable human weakness. 心不在焉是人的一种可以原谅的缺点。
propose [prəˈpəʊz]
proposal (n. 提案;建议) 【例】 I understand that
Bob is familiar with Manchester Park and propose let him show you
around. 我知道鲍勃对曼彻斯特公园很熟,建议让他带你去逛逛。
ornament [ˈɔːnəmənt] n. 装饰;装饰物
[ˈɔːnəment] vt. 装饰,修饰,美化
【参】ornamental (adj.
装饰性的,装饰用的);ornamenter
(n.装饰者)decorate (v.装饰,修饰)
decoration(n.装饰,修饰) 【例】The exhibition wall is
covered with paintings and ornaments.
这面展示墙上挂满了油画和装饰物。
atmospheric [ˌætməsˈferɪk] adj.
大气的,空气的;大气层的;大气所引起的 【参】atmosphere
n.气氛;大气 【例】 The main reason of atmospheric pollution is the
increase of carbon dioxide emissions.
大气污染的主要原因是二氧化碳排放量的增加。
cooperative [kəʊˈɒpərətɪv] adj. 合作的,协作的 n. 合作社
【参】uncooperative (adj.
不合作的,不配合的);cooperate
(vi.合作,配合);cooperation (n. 合作,协作) 【例】The
members in the club are very cooperative.
这个俱乐部的成员都非常配合。
corrode [kəˈrəʊd]
corrosion(n. 侵蚀,腐蚀) 【例】 Acid
rain can corrode metal and stone work.
酸雨能腐蚀金属制品和石头制品。
dislodge [dɪsˈlɒdʒ]
exile(vt.
放逐,流放,使流亡
n. 流放,流亡;被流放者,背井离乡者,流犯)expel (vt.
驱逐,开除);banish (vt. 流放,驱逐) 【例】The bear used
a tree branch on multiple occasions to dislodge a piece of meat hung out
of his reach. 熊多次用树枝取下挂在自己够不着的地方的肉。
soluble [ˈsɒljəbl] adj. 可溶的;可解决的
【参】solution(n.(问题、困难等的)解决办法;(练习或竞赛的)解答,答案;溶液;溶解过程,溶解状态;(满足特定需要的)产品(或服务)(solutions))resoluble(adj.
可解决的;可分解的)unsolvable(adj.
不能溶解的;无法解决的) 【例】Fat soluble vitamins can be stored for
quite some time in the body.
能溶于脂肪的维生素可在体内储存很久。
licence [ˈlaɪsns]
activate [ˈæktɪveɪt] vt. 激活;使活动,使活化 【参】
activator (n. 催化剂) 【例】Nicotine in cigarette smoke
activates small blood cells that increase the likelihood of blood clots,
thereby affecting blood circulation throughout the body.
香烟中的尼古丁会激活小的血细胞,这些血细胞增加了血栓的可能性,从而影响体内的血液循环。
objective [əbˈdʒektɪv]
antidote [ˈæntidəʊt]
necessarily [ˌnesəˈserəli] adv. 必要地;必然地
【参】necessary adj.必需的,必要的
unnecessary(adj.不必要的) 【例】As an international
student you’ll not necessarily be eligible for all the facilities
offered to resident students.
作为国际学生,你不一定有资格享受当地学生享有的所有便利。
turret [ˈtʌrət]
elastic [ɪˈlæstɪk] adj. 有弹性的;灵活的 n. 松紧带
【例】The ropes are made of elastic fabrics.
这些绳子是由弹性纤维制成的。
enhance [ɪnˈhɑːns] vt. 提高,增强,增进 【例】Organisations
provide a range of opportunities for women to enhance their skills.
一些组织为妇女提供大量提高她们技能的机会。
demonstration [ˌdemənˈstreɪʃn]
demonstrate [ˈdemənstreɪt] v.
论证,证实;演示,说明;举行示威游行(或集会) 【例】Thousands of people
took part in the demonstration. 数千人参加了示威游行。
redundant [rɪˈdʌndənt] adj.
(因人员过剩而)被解雇的;多余的,过剩的;累赘的,冗长的
【参】redundancy
(n. 裁员;过多,过剩)superfluous (adj.
多余的,过剩的);excessive (adj. 过多的;过分的)
indispensable (adj.
不可或缺的);scanty(adj. 不够的,贫乏的) 【例】Jill was
unlucky to be made redundant from her job. 吉尔不幸被解雇。
mishandle [ˌmɪsˈhændl] vt. 粗暴地对待;错误地处理,胡乱操作
【例】In our experience some types of exercise are easily mishandled and
can lead to more harm than good.
根据我们的经验,一些锻炼很容易操作不当,进而弊大于利。
amend [əˈmend]
suppression [səˈpreʃn]
suppress (vt.
镇压,抑制) 【例】fire suppression system 灭火系统
mainly [ˈmeɪnli] adv. 大体上,主要地 【例】The weather is
mainly cold and wet in England. 英格兰的天气以阴冷为主。
property [ˈprɒpəti]
naked [ˈneɪkɪd] adj. 裸体的;裸露的,无遮蔽的 【例】The
luminaries that can be seen by our naked eyes are quite a small part of
the universe. 我们肉眼所能看到的天体仅仅是宇宙中很小的一部分。
feature [ˈfiːtʃə(r)]
lens [lenz]
coordinator [kəʊˈɔːdɪneɪtə(r)]
coordinate (v. 调整;整理) 【例】He
worked in the government as an economic development coordinator.
他在政府工作,是一名经济发展协调员。
nourish [ˈnʌrɪʃ] vt. 养育,滋养;培养(情绪、观点等)
【参】nourishing (adj. 有营养的)nurture
(vt. 抚育,教养);foster (v. 培养,培育) 【例】All the
children were well nourished and in good physical condition.
所有这些孩子都营养良好,身体健康。
crisp [krɪsp] adj. 脆的;利落的 n. [pl.] 油炸土豆片
【例】The answers from the soldiers are crisp and assured.
士兵们的回答干脆而肯定。
smuggle [ˈsmʌɡl]
flourish [ˈflʌrɪʃ]
flour n.面粉,粉 【例】Research in Britain has shown
the “green consumers” continue to flourish as a significant group
amongst shoppers.
英国的调查表明,作为购物人群重要组成部分的“绿色消费者”仍然很活跃。
dimensional [daɪˈmenʃənl] adj. …度空间的,…维的 【例】In a
similar way, a three-dimensional truss can be built up of tetrahedra.
采用类似的方法,三维托架可以由四面体构成。
gravel [ˈgrævl]
insulation [ˌɪnsjuˈleɪʃn]
isolation(n.隔离,孤立;孤独;绝缘;(尤指对混合物或微生物的)离析)
【例】The good insulation will reduce heating loss.
良好的隔热会减少热损失。
improvise [ˈɪmprəvaɪz]
improvisation(n. 即席创作;即兴作品)improve(v.改进,更新)
【例】Whereas medieval builders improvised and adapted construction
through their intimate knowledge of materials and personal experience of
the conditions on a site, building designs are now conceived and stored
in media technologies that detach the designer from the physical and
social realities they are creating.
中世纪的建筑师通过对材料的深入了解和对场地环境的亲身体验,即兴创作和改造了建筑,而现在的建筑设计主要通过媒体技术构思和存储,这就使得设计师与他们所创造的实体和社会现实相分离。
hesitation [ˌhezɪˈteɪʃn]
hesitate(v.犹豫,踌躇) 【例】Tom
bought the house immediately without hesitation.
汤姆毫不犹豫,当即买下了这幢房子。
undermine [ˌʌndəˈmaɪn] vt. 削弱;破坏
【参】underminer (n. 暗中破坏者)weaken〔v.
削弱;(使)变弱〕strengthen (vt.
加强,巩固)intensify (v. 增强);reinforce
(vt. 加强,加固) 【例】The constant failure was starting to undermine
my confidence. 接连的失败开始削弱我的自信心。
eliminate [ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt] vt. 消灭,消除;淘汰 【例】Job
descriptions eliminate role ambiguity for managers.
职位描述消除了经理们对角色认识的模糊不清。
exclude [ɪkˈskluːd] vt. 把…排斥在外;将(某物)排除,不包括
【例】Thick curtains help to exclude street noises.
厚窗帘有助于阻挡街上的噪音。
apparently [əˈpærəntli] adv. 显然;看来,似乎
【参】apparent adj.明显的,清楚的 【例】Apparently, a
caretaker government seemed not to be potent.
看来,临时政府似乎无法胜任工作。
gelatin [ˈdʒelətɪn]
stimulate [ˈstɪmjuleɪt] vt. 刺激;使兴奋;激发,激励
【参】simulate(v.假装,冒充;模拟,模仿;看上去像;计算机模拟
adj.虚假的,假装的) 【例】Why don’t we try massaging the feet to
stimulate blood flow? 我们为什么不试试按摩双足来促进血液循环呢?// The
overload principle refers to an athlete stimulating a muscle beyond its
current capacity.
超负荷法则是指运动员对肌肉施以超过目前承受力的刺激。
operational [ˌɒpəˈreɪʃənl] adj.
运转的;操作的;运营的,业务的 【例】We need some advanced operational
staff. 我们需要一些高级操作人员。
image [ˈɪmɪdʒ]
empirical [ɪmˈpɪrɪkl] adj.
以实验(或经验)为依据的;经验主义的 【参】theoretical
(adj. 理论的) 【例】Amazingly, there is virtually no empirical
evidence to support the use of illustrations in teaching reading.
令人惊讶的是,事实上并没有实验性证据可以证明图表在阅读教学中的作用。
probation [prəˈbeɪʃn]
probationary
(adj. 试用的,实习中的) 【例】 I was just a servant who was on
probation. 我只是一个处于试用期的仆人。
depression [dɪˈpreʃn]
depress (vt. 使沮丧;使不景气;降低,减少)
【例】The economic depression of the 1930s and the Second World War
prevented the advanced ideas from being widely realized.
20世纪30年代的经济萧条和第二次世界大战阻碍了先进思想的传播,使其不能得到广泛认识。
proximity [prɒkˈsɪməti]
approximately adv.近似地,大约
vicinity (n. 邻近,附近)distance
(n. 远离,远隔) 【例】 I chose the flat for its proximity to my
company. 我选这个公寓是因为它离我们公司近。
factual [ˈfæktʃuəl] adj. 事实的;真实的,确凿的
【参】fact [fækt] n.事实,现实
【例】 The task is intended to test your skills of skimming for factual
information. 该任务旨在测试你略读事实信息的能力。
acclaim [əˈkleɪm] vt. 向…欢呼,为…喝彩 n. 称赞;欢迎
【参】acclaimed (adj.
受欢呼的,受称赞的)claim(n. 要求); 【例】 There’s lots
to see and to do, including the internationally acclaimed climbing wall
built on the site of the old aquarium.
这里有很多可看的和可玩的,其中包括那个建在水族馆旧址上享誉世界的攀岩墙。
devastate [ˈdevəsteɪt] vt. 破坏,毁坏;使震惊,使极为悲痛
【例】The writer had been devastated by the death of his seven-year old
elder daughter. 作者因七岁的大女儿夭折而崩溃了。
response [rɪˈspɒns]
responsive (adj.
反应积极的) 【例】The news provoked an angry response.
这条消息引起了人们的愤怒。
provoke [prəˈvoʊk]
revoke(v.撤回,撤销;(桥牌、惠斯特等牌戏中)有牌不跟;n.有牌不跟)
tropical [ˈtrɒpɪkl] adj. 热带的;炎热的 【例】tropical
condition 热带环境;tropical disease 热带病;tropical rainforest
热带雨林;tropical marine climate 热带海洋气候
rumour [ˈruːmə(r)]
endeavour [ɪnˈdevə(r)] n./vi. 努力,尽力;尝试 【例】I
wished the result of my endeavours to be respectable.
我希望我努力的结果能得到尊重。// On the basis of tradition, the
calligraphists in China and South Korea endeavour to explore modern
styles, making the ever-lasting literal handwriting art go forward in
new era.
中韩两国书法家立足传统,努力探索现代书写风格,使这门经久不衰的文字书写艺术在新时期继续发展。
payment [ˈpeɪmənt]
pay [peI] v.(paid, paid,
paying)付钱,偿还 n.工资 【例】You may spread your payments over a
longer period. 你可以将你的支付期顺延得更长。
demonstrate [ˈdemənstreɪt]
display (v. 展览;显示);illustrate
(vt. 举例说明,阐明);show (v. 说明,显示)
【例】demonstration [ˌdemənˈstreɪʃn]
n. 论证,证明;示范;显示,表露;示威游行
illuminate [ɪˈluːmɪneɪt] vt. 照亮;阐明,解释;启发
【参】lumen(n.流明(光束的能量单位);内腔(管状器官内的空腔))
illustrate (v. 举例说明,阐明);demonstrate
(v. 说明;证实) 【例】 The street was illuminated by fireworks.
这条街被焰火照得通明。
warrant [ˈwɒrənt]
guarantee(v.确保,保证;担保,为……作保;保修,包换
n.保证,担保;保修单,质量保证书;担保金,抵押品) 【例】The situation
scarcely warrants them being dismissed.
这种情况很难证明解雇他们是正当的。
optimism [ˈɒptɪmɪzəm]
pessimism (n. 悲观;悲观主义)
【例】The document does seem to be based on an unrealistic optimism.
这一文献似乎是建立在一种不现实的乐观主义的基础之上。
avail [əˈveɪl] vt. 有帮助,有益,有用 n. 效用;利益
【参】available adj.有空的;可得到的,可用的 【例】Avail
yourself of every opportunity to enrich your knowledge.
利用每一个机会丰富自己的知识。
administrative [ədˈmɪnɪstrətɪv] adj. 管理的,行政的
【例】Jack used to work in an administrative position.
杰克曾就职于行政岗位。
frustrating [frʌˈstreɪtɪŋ] adj. 令人泄气的,使人沮丧的
【参】frustrate [frʌˈstreɪt](vt. 使沮丧;挫败) 【例】I
find it frustrating to have so few teaching resources.
我发现教学资源太少,这真令人沮丧。
resistant [rɪˈzɪstənt] adj. 抵抗的;有抵抗力的
【参】resist(vt.抵抗;挡开 v.
抵抗;抗(病等);耐(热等))quake-resistant (adj.
抗震的);wind-resistant(adj. 挡风的) 【例】A balanced
diet helps us create a resistant body to disease.
均衡的饮食可以帮助我们对疾病产生抵抗力。
overdue [ˌəʊvəˈdjuː] adj.
过期未付的;逾期的;过度的,过火的;迟到的,延误的 【例】The landlord is
not very pleased because the rent is overdue.
因为房租过期未付,房东不是很高兴。
impressive [ɪmˈpresɪv] adj. 给人深刻印象的,令人敬佩的
【参】impress (vt.
给…以深刻印象)impressively (adv. 令人难忘地) 【例】 I
think this figure is especially impressive.
我认为这个数字尤其令人印象深刻。
verdict [ˈvɜːdɪkt]
opinion
(n. 主张,判断);judgment (n. 判断;看法) 【例】The
judge will announce court verdict tomorrow.
法官明天将宣布法院的裁定。
refresher [rɪˈfreʃə(r)]
blaze [bleɪz]
misjudge [ˌmɪsˈdʒʌdʒ] vt. 判断错误 【例】Politicians have
misjudged the public mood. 政客们对公众的情绪判断失误。
unyielding [ʌnˈjiːldɪŋ] adj.
顽强的;坚硬的;不能弯曲的,坚固的 【参】yield [jiːld]
(n. 产量 v. 出产(作物);产生(收益、效益等);放弃,屈服) 【例】Mary
was unyielding in her opposition to the plan. 玛丽坚决反对这一计划。//
The mattress was hard and unyielding. 床垫很硬,不能弯曲。
exterior [ɪkˈstɪəriə(r)] adj. 外部的,外表的 n. 外部,外表
【参】interior [ɪnˈtɪriər](adj.内部的,国内的,内政的;内心的,本质的;n.内部,里面;内陆,腹地;(本国的)内政,内务;(建筑物或房间内的)内景;内心,本质)
【例】All exterior doors in this especially noisy pocket will have to be
solid wood core doors with hinges.
在这个特别吵闹的地区,所有通向外面的门都必须是带铰链的坚固木芯门。
client [ˈklaɪənt]
vernacular [vəˈnækjələ(r)]
deputy [ˈdepjuti]
fraud [frɔːd]
bind [baɪnd]
fragrance [ˈfreɪgrəns]
fragrant [ˈfreɪɡrənt](adj.香的,芬芳的)scent
(n. 香味,香气);perfume (n. 香味;香水)
stink (n. 臭味,恶臭);stench
(n. 臭气,恶臭) 【例】 The rose sends out strong fragrance.
玫瑰散发出浓郁的香味。
ubiquitous [juːˈbɪkwɪtəs] adj. 普遍存在的,似乎无处不在的
【例】Internet bars were ubiquitous those days.
那段时间网吧很普遍。
formulate [ˈfɔːmjuleɪt] vt.
系统阐述,明确表达;构想出(计划、方法等),规划(制度等)
【参】formula(n.计划,方案,配方,公式) 【例】She cannot
formulate her idea in a few words.
她无法用几句话阐明自己的思想。
collate [kəˈleɪt] vt. 对照;核对;整理(文件、书页等)
【例】Customers’ comments are collated regularly to identify
opportunities for improvement.
顾客的意见会被定期核对,以确保公司能在适当的时机进行改进。
infer [ɪnˈfɜː(r)]
sector [ˈsektə(r)]
creep [kriːp]
creeping(adj.
逐渐发生的) 【例】I crept upstairs so as not to wake up other tenants.
我悄悄地爬上楼,以免吵醒其他房客。
interpretation [ɪnˌtɜːprɪˈteɪʃn]
interpreter n.翻译员,口译人员 【例】My
interpretation of the drama was rather superficial.
我对戏剧的理解相当肤浅。
trimester [traɪˈmestə(r)]
redevelopment [ˌriːdɪˈveləpmənt]
auditorium [ˌɔːdɪˈtɔːriəm]
audience (n.观众,听众) 【例】
Will audience find any difference in the auditorium?
观众们会发现这个礼堂有什么不同吗?
narrator [nəˈreɪtə(r)]
furnish [ˈfɜːnɪʃ] vt. 布置,为…配备家具;供应,提供;装备
【参】unfurnished (adj. 无家具的)furnished
(adj. 有家具的) 【例】You can get free advice on furnishing your home
from the interior designer.
你可以从室内设计师那儿免费获得关于家居装潢的建议。
stabilise [ˈsteɪbəlaɪz] v.(使)稳定,(使)稳固
【参】stable (adj. 稳定的)
stability〔n. 稳定(性);稳固(性)〕 【例】The patient’s
condition has now stabilised. 现在病人的情况已经稳定下来了。
incoming [ˈɪnkʌmɪŋ] adj. 进来的 n. [pl.] 收入
【参】income(n.收入,所得) 【例】Telephones in this hall
can only be used to call out; they will not receive incoming calls.
大厅里的电话只能打出,而不能接听外面打进来的电话。
alignment [əˈlaɪnmənt]
booming [ˈbuːmɪŋ] adj. 发展迅速的;激增的
【参】boom (n./vi.
繁荣)boomer(n.生育高峰中出生的人(婴儿潮一代))
definite [ˈdefɪnət] adj. 明确的,肯定的;清楚的 【例】I
have no definite plans for my future.
我对未来并没有明确的规划。
deem [diːm] vt. 认为,视为,相信 【参】assume
(vt. 假定,设想);consider (v.
认为);believe(v. 认为,想) 【例】The WHO deems that a
city with more than ten million inhabitants has exceeded the healthy
level.
世界卫生组织认为,人口在一千万以上的城市已经超过了健康标准的要求。
reorient [riˈɔːrient] vt. 重新定方位;重新定位;使适应
【参】orient [ˈɔːrient](v.朝向,面对,使适合;定向放置(某物);n.光泽;优质珍珠;adj.(太阳等)冉冉上升的,(白昼的光亮等)渐渐变强的)
【例】Our students are reoriented towards social development.
我们的学生要被培养成适应社会发展的类型。
reckon [ˈrekən]
tutorial [tjuːˈtɔːriəl]
sledge [sledʒ]
exaggerate [ɪgˈzædʒəreɪt]
exaggeration
(n. 夸张);exaggerated (adj. 夸张的;故作姿态的)
【例】The witness exaggerated the seriousness of the accident.
目击者夸大了事故的严重性。
priority [praɪˈɒrəti]
habitat [ˈhæbɪtæt]
celebrity [səˈlebrəti]
celebrate(v.庆祝)celebration(n.庆祝;庆祝会)
【例】 The lecture will be given by a sports celebrity.
这场讲座将由一位体育名人主讲。
magnetic [mægˈnetɪk] adj. 磁的,有磁性的;有吸引力的
【例】The electric and magnetic fields are formed due to a passing wave
oscillating at a regular frequency.
电场和磁场是由振波以固定频率振荡而形成的。
slippery [ˈslɪpəri] adj. 滑的,滑溜的;狡猾的;棘手的
【例】How damp and slippery the ground is! 地面又湿又滑!
graphic [ˈgræfɪk] adj.
文字的;生动的,形象的;绘画的,图表的 【参】lifelike
(adj. 逼真的,栩栩如生的);vivid (adj.
逼真的);pictorial (adj.
绘画的;用图片表示的)vague (adj.
含糊的,模糊的);obscure (adj. 模糊的;费解的)
provided [prəˈvaɪdɪd] conj. 倘若,只要,假如
【参】provide(v.提供) 【例】I’ll buy the cup, provided
that the price is right. 倘若价格合适,我就买这个杯子。
opportunity [ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti]
arrogance [ˈærəgəns]
era [ˈɪərə]
ear [Iə] n.耳朵;听力,听觉
【例】Dallas is a very wealthy city in Texas which has grown up in an
era when cars were considered essential to move about.
达拉斯是得克萨斯州一个非常富裕的城市,兴起于汽车成为基本交通工具的时代。
stimulus [ˈstɪmjələs]
stimulate [ˈstɪmjuleɪt](vt.
刺激;使兴奋;激发,激励) 【例】The bright light is a stimulus to the
eyes. 强光会刺激眼睛。
roam [rəʊm]
comparison [kəmˈpærɪsn]
compare(vt.比较,对照)comparable(adj.可比较的,比得上的)
【例】We generally think of Africa as being a very hot and dry place,
but it is not in comparison with Australia.
通常我们认为非洲炎热干燥,但它与澳大利亚没法比。
publicity [pʌbˈlɪsəti]
public (adj.
公众的;公共的;公开的 n. 公众,民众);publicly (adv.
公然地;舆论上地);publicize〔vt. 宣传(尤指通过广告)〕
【例】The company launched a publicity campaign on a large scale.
这家公司发起了一场大规模的宣传活动。
hurdle [ˈhɜːdl]
apt [æpt] adj. 易于…的;适宜的;敏捷的 【例】Artists are
apt at revealing the inner world of human beings.
艺术家们善于表现人类的内心世界。
homogeneous [ˌhɒməˈdʒiːniəs] adj.
同种类的;由相同(或同类型)事物(或人)组成的 【参】homogeneous light
单色光,均匀光;homogeneous mixture 相同成分组成的混合物; Uniforms can
project the image of a company and unite the workforce into a
homogeneous unit.
工装能展示一个公司的形象,并使公司内部的员工凝聚为一个整体。
【例】identical (adj.
相同的,相等的);kindred (adj.
同类的,类似的);uniform (adj. 相同的,一致的)
heterogeneous (adj.
异类的,不同的)dissimilar (adj. 不同的,相异的)
conserve [kənˈsɜːv] vt. 保护;保存,储存;节约 【参】
conservative (adj. 保守的) 【例】People living in the
desert have a special way to conserve water.
生活在沙漠里的人有一种特别的储水方法。
spasm [ˈspæzəm]
invisible [ɪnˈvɪzəbl] adj. 看不见的,无形的 【例】 Could
there be another planet there, essentially similar to our own, but
always invisible?
那里会不会有另一颗星球和我们的星球很相似,但我们却一直看不见呢?
illustrate [ˈɪləstreɪt]
v.(用示例、图画等)说明,解释;给…作插图说明
【参】illustrator (n. 插图画家) 【例】 The diagram
illustrates the information provided in paragraphs B-F of the reading.
该图说明了阅读材料中B~F段出现的信息。
terrace [ˈterəs]
smart [smɑːt] adj. 漂亮的;时髦的;高明的 【例】Most
computer criminals are smart enough to cover their crimes.
大多数计算机犯罪分子都很聪明,能掩盖自己的罪行。
criticise [ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz]
hunch [hʌntʃ]
hunched (adj. 缩头弓身的)
【例】 Younger school-aged children read stories on smartphones; older
kids don’t read at all, but hunch over video games.
较小的学龄儿童通过智能手机阅读故事;大一点的孩子根本不读书,而是喜欢弓着背玩电子游戏。
hinterland [ˈhɪntəlænd]
traverse [trəˈvɜːs]
obligation [ˌɒblɪˈɡeɪʃn]
poll [pəʊl]
polling (n. 投票) 【例】The team is conducting a
poll among freshmen. 这个小组正在新生中进行一次民意调查。
refundable [rɪˈfʌndəbl] adj. 可退还的,可归还的,可偿还的
【例】The deposit on the house is refundable.
这个房子的押金是可以退还的。
homesick [ˈhəʊmsɪk] adj. 想家的,思乡的 【例】I was
homesick at first and missed my family.
起初,我思乡心切,想念我的家人。
compassionate [kəmˈpæʃənət] adj. 有同情心的,表示怜悯的
【参】compassion(n.同情,怜悯) 【例】We should try our
best to create a more compassionate
society.我们应该竭尽全力营造一个更人性化的社会。
orientate [ˈɔːriənteɪt] vt.
使适应,使熟悉情况(或环境等);给…定位,给…定向;使朝向;转至特定方向(=orient)
【例】The course at this university has a vocational focus on preparing
its graduates for work, so students are orientated at employment.
这所大学的课程以职业为中心,注重毕业生工作之前的准备工作,因此将学生朝着就业方向培养。
insight [ˈɪnsaɪt]
insightful (adj.
富有洞察力的) 【例】The application of our new insights into the
Amazonian past would change present policies on development in the
region.
我们对亚马孙地区的过去有了新的了解,这会改变目前我们针对这一地区的开发政策。
glide [glaɪd] vi./n. 滑行,滑翔 【参】slide
(n./v. 滑动,下滑);slip (v. 滑倒;溜走) 【例】The
pilot managed to glide down to a safe landing.
飞行员成功地使飞机向下滑行并安全着陆。
casualty [ˈkæʒuəlti]
victim
(n. 受害人)casual(adj.偶然的,不经意的;非正式的;临时的)
【例】The major casualty of cutting down forests on a large scale has
been the environment. 受大规模森林砍伐影响最大的是环境。
concentration [ˌkɒnsnˈtreɪʃn]
tug [tʌg]
proceed [prəˈsiːd]
hostile [ˈhɒstaɪl] adj. 敌方的;不友善的;不利的 【例】The
luxuriant forests of Amazonia seem ageless, unconquerable, a habitat
totally hostile to human civilization.
茂密的亚马孙丛林似乎是永恒的、无法征服的,是一个完全不利于人类文明存在的地方。
intervene [ˌɪntəˈviːn]
interfere (vi.
介入,干涉,干扰);interpose (vt. 置于…之间,介入)
【例】The bank intervened with a large dollar purchase.
那家银行以大量购进美元的方式来进行干预。
bump [bʌmp]
bumper〔n. (车辆)保险杠,缓冲器 adj.
特大的;丰盛的〕;bumpy〔adj. 崎岖不平的;颠簸的〕
【例】The policeman ran after the thief, bumping against people in his
hurry. 那个警察追赶小偷,匆忙中撞到了人。
reunion [ˌriːˈjuːniən]
digestive [daɪˈdʒestɪv] adj. 消化的;和消化有关的
【参】digest(v.消化;领会 n.摘要,概要;文摘)
【例】Professor introduced the feeding habits and digestive systems of
starfish. 教授介绍了海星摄取食物的习惯以及它们的消化系统。
homestay [ˈhəʊmsteɪ]
practically [ˈpræktɪkli] adv. 几乎,简直;实际上
【参】practical(adj.实际的;适用的;实用的;应用的)
【例】There is evidence that the reaction principle was applied
practically well before the rocket was invented.
有证据证明,反作用原理在火箭发明前就得到了很好的实际应用。
acrobat [ˈækrəbæt]
revenue [ˈrevənjuː]
nickel [ˈnɪkl]
limp [lɪmp] adj. 软的;无力的
【参】lamp(n.灯,油灯;光源)limb
(n. 肢;翼) 【例】Some of you may come from cultures that accept limp
handshakes as normal.
你们当中有些人的文化习俗可能认为无力的握手很正常。
irregularity [ɪˌregjəˈlærəti]
breeze [briːz]
magnify [ˈmægnɪfaɪ] vt. 放大,扩大
【参】minify(vt.使变小,缩小;(计算机)压缩、精简(源代码等文件);)
【例】This microscope can magnify an object 100,000 times.
这个显微镜可将物体放大10万倍。
hive [haɪv]
oxide [ˈɒksaɪd]
foremost [ˈfɔːməʊst] adj. 最好的;最重要的 【例】First and
foremost, I suppose, is the popularity of the event in global
terms.我认为,首先也是最重要的,是这个活动在全球范围内的受欢迎程度。
assemble [əˈsembl]
assembly (n. 集会;组装) 【例】All
components were assembled in the front workshop.
所有部件都是在前面的车间组装的。
plagiarism [ˈpleɪdʒərɪzəm]
plagiarise
(v. 剽窃,抄袭)pirate(n. 侵犯版权者;海盗 vt.
盗用,盗版) 【例】 I’d like to mention the question of plagiarism in
particular. 我想特别提一下剽窃问题。
gallop [ˈgæləp] v./n. 奔驰,飞跑,飞驰 【例】My sister set
off at a gallop this morning. 今天早上我姐姐匆忙出发。
pledge [pledʒ]
effective [ɪˈfektɪv] adj.
有效的,生效的;给人深刻印象的,显著的 【参】ineffective
(adj. 无效的);effectiveness
(n. 效力);effectively (adv. 有效地) 【例】Which
advertisement is the most effective? 哪一种广告最有效?
deny [dɪˈnaɪ]
conform [kənˈfɔːm]
adapt
(v. 适应)confirm(vt.证实;确定;批准) 【例】All
students must conform to the school rules.
所有的学生都必须遵守校规。
handy [ˈhændi] adj. 方便的;手边的;手巧的 【例】To do this
work needs handy men. 做这项工作需要些手巧的人。// Scissors are a handy
tool to have in the kitchen. 剪刀是厨房里的一种便利工具。
notify [ˈnəʊtɪfaɪ] vt. 通知,报告 【例】If the library is
not notified and you are 15 minutes late, your time can be given to
someone else.
如果你没有通知图书馆,那么在你迟到15分钟后,你(预约)的时间就会分配给其他人。
execute [ˈeksɪkjuːt] vt. 将…处死;实施,执行
【参】executive (adj. 执行的;行政的 n. 执行者,主管领导)
【例】We execute company policy for homeowners.
我们执行公司针对业主的政策。
elbow [ˈelbəʊ]
limited [ˈlɪmɪtɪd] adj. 有限的
【参】limitless(adj.无限制的;无界限的;无限的)
【例】Some banks open for a limited time on Saturdays.
一些银行在周六限时开放。
vessel [ˈvesl]
stereo [ˈsteriəʊ] adj. 立体声的 n. 立体声(装置)
【例】I’ve got a fridge and a stereo system which I’ve just bought from
a friend. 我刚从一个朋友那里买了一台冰箱和一套立体声音响。
soak [səʊk]
dip(v.浸,蘸) 【例】We’ll get you up to
your room and soak your feet, and then you’ll be
okay.我们带你到房间里泡泡脚,这样你会感觉舒服些。
greasy [ˈɡriːsi] adj. 多脂的;油滑的 【例】Fish contains a
lot of protein, and is not greasy. 鱼肉富含蛋白质且脂肪含量低。
boast [bəʊst] n./v. 自夸;夸耀 【例】She is always boasting
about how wonderful her children
are.她总是夸耀她的孩子们多么出色。
mitigate [ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt] vt. 使缓和;减轻(危害等)
ignorance [ˈɪgnərəns]
ignore(vt.不理睬;忽视)
ignorant(adj. 无知的;愚昧的) 【例】Not ignorance, but
the ignorance of ignorance, is the death of knowledge.
知识的死亡不是无知本身,而是对无知的无知。
aesthetic [iːsˈθetɪk] adj. 美学的;审美的 【例】What are
utilitarian objects to a Westerner may be prized aesthetic objects in
other cultures.
被西方人视为功利性的东西,在其他文化中可能会因其美学价值而备受推崇。
scrape [skreɪp] v./n. 刮,擦
【参】skyscraper(n. 摩天大楼) 【例】He scraped the mud
off his shoes with the knife. 他用小刀刮去鞋上的泥土。
promotion [prəˈməʊʃn]
promote(vt.促进;提升;推销) 【例】Would you be
willing to attend any of the special promotions for the new channel?
你愿意参加新频道的任何特别宣传活动吗?
specialise [ˈspeʃəlaɪz]
specialisation
(n. 专门化,特殊化)specialized(adj.专业的,专门的
v.专门研究(或从事),专攻;专营) 【例】 Two years later, we will
specialise and take courses in one or two subjects.
两年后,我们将专攻一两门学科并学习这些学科的课程。// As the brain
evolved, one side became specialised for fine controlof movement.
随着大脑的进化,大脑的一边开始专门负责对运动进行精密控制。
magnificent [mægˈnɪfɪsnt] adj.
壮丽的,宏伟的,华丽的;高尚的 【参】magnify(vt.
放大,扩大)magnificently (adv.
壮观地;宏伟地);magnificence (n.壮丽,宏伟;华丽)
【例】The garage around the corner contains the magnificent old
Rolls-Royce which used to belong to George.
街角的车库里停着一辆华丽的老式劳斯莱斯,它曾经是乔治的。
spasmodic [spæzˈmɒdɪk] adj. 痉挛的;间歇性的
【参】spasm(n. 痉挛;抽搐;(活动、情感等的)突发,阵发)
【例】 Since the arrival of Europeans, the region experienced a period
of spasmodic activity, between 1831 and 1857.
自从欧洲人来到这个地区,在1831到1857年间,它经历了一个间歇性的活跃时期。
fund [fʌnd]
perceive [pəˈsiːv] vt. 感知,察觉;认识到,理解 【记】per
每 ceive 接收,每个都接收到了,肯定感知 理解了 【参】
detect (vt. 察觉,发觉);comprehend (v.
领会,理解) 【例】While I was examining the small stars, I perceived
one that appeared visibly larger than the rest.
我观察那些小星星时,发现有一颗明显比其他的大。// Tom perceived Mary’s
comment as a challenge.汤姆认为玛丽的批评是对他的一种激励。
manufacturer [ˌmænjuˈfæktʃərə(r)]
manual(adj.手工的,体力的;手动的
n.使用手册,说明书;手动换挡的车辆;风琴键盘;(牧师主持圣礼时用)礼仪书)
【例】Manufacturers must sell these cleaner cars.
制造商必须卖掉这些清洁车。
specification [ˌspesɪfɪˈkeɪʃn]
clause (n. 条款);instruction
(n. 指示;用法说明)signification(n.意义,含义,意思;(语言学、符号学)表示,意指,表意)
【例】The house has been built exactly to our specifications.
房子完全是按照我们的工程设计书建造的。
destruction [dɪˈstrʌkʃn]
ruin (n. 毁灭;崩溃)
establishment (n. 确立,制定);construction
(n. 构筑) 【例】The importation of cheap goods has often contributed
to the destruction of local skills and indigenous markets.
进口廉价商品常常会给当地的手工业和本土市场带来毁灭性的打击。
extinguisher [ɪkˈstɪŋgwɪʃə(r)]
extinguish(vt. 熄灭;消灭)
【例】 If you discover a fire, shout “FIRE” and activate the nearest
fire alarm. Attack the fire with an extinguisher but do not take any
risks.
如果发现火情,应大喊“着火了”,并按响离你最近的火警铃。使用灭火器去灭火,但不要冒险。
proportion [prəˈpɔːʃn]
forth [fɔːθ] adv. 离去,外出;向前;向某处 【例】 From this
day forth I will study much harder. 从今以后我将更加努力学习。
forgo [fɔːˈgəʊ] vt. 放弃,抛弃;作罢 【例】Jack has to
forgo his vacation so as to take a summer English course.
杰克为了参加暑期英语班只好放弃他的假期。
assistantship [əˈsɪstənˌʃɪp]
recommendation [ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃn]
offset [ˈɒfset] vt. 抵消,补偿,弥补 【例】Prices have
risen in order to offset the increased cost of materials.
为弥补原料成本的增加而提高了价格。
siesta [siˈestə]
humanity [hjuːˈmænəti]
humanitarian (adj.
博爱的;人道主义的)humankind (n. 〈总称〉人类) 【例】
The control of fire was the first and perhaps greatest of humanity’s
steps towards a life-enhancing technology.
人类在迈向提高生活质量的技术旅途中,对火的支配是第一步,可能也是最重要的一步。
intact [ɪnˈtækt] adj. 完整无缺的;完好无损的
【参】undamaged (adj.
未损坏的,未毁坏的);sound (adj.
健全的,完好的)broken (adj.
破碎的);shattered (adj. 粉碎的,破坏的) 【例】She hopes
that her honor could remain intact.
她希望自己的名誉依旧能够无损。
stripe [straɪp]
mechanical [məˈkænɪkl] adj.
机械的,机械制造的;呆板的;习惯性的;体力的 【例】 Practise that and
stop until it becomes mechanical. 坚持练习,直到习惯成自然。
junction [ˈdʒʌŋkʃn]
detect [dɪˈtekt] vt. 发现,察觉;侦查,探测
【参】undetected (adj. 未被发现的) 【例】 The robots can
detect unauthorised personnel and alert security staff immediately.
机器人能够发现未经允许擅自闯入的人员,并马上向保安人员发出警报。
detour [ˈdiːtʊə(r)]
arthritis [ɑːˈθraɪtɪs]
cosmic [ˈkɒzmɪk] adj. 宇宙的 【例】The surface of Earth
contains tons of cosmic dust. 地球表面有大量的宇宙尘埃。
extendable [ɪkˈstendəbl] adj. 可延伸的,可展开的,可扩张的
【参】extent(n. 范围;面积;广度,长度;程度)extension(n.伸展,延伸)
【例】 The visa is for 15 days, extendable to one month.
此签证有效期为15天,可延期到一个月。
abundance [əˈbʌndəns]
abundant (adj.
丰富的,充裕的) profusion
(n. 丰富);affluence (n. 富足);wealth
(n.大量)scarcity
(n. 缺乏,不足);deficiency (n. 缺少)
supervisor [ˈsuːpəvaɪzə(r)]
supervise(v.指导(某人)的工作;监督(任务,计划,活动))
【例】We have to put ourselves into the role of the manager or
supervisor. 我们必须要融入经理或主管的角色。
jumble [ˈdʒʌmbl]
embed [ɪmˈbed] vt.
把…嵌入(或埋入、插入),扎牢;使深留脑中 【参】embedment
(n. 嵌入) wedge (vt. 楔入,楔进);fix
(vt. 使固定) 【例】The traditional idea is deeply embedded in our
university. 这个传统的想法在我们的大学里根深蒂固。embedded development
嵌入式开发
orientation [ˌɔːriənˈteɪʃn]
orient
(vt. 确定方向) 【例】Now that everyone knows what team they’re in,
we’ll get on with the orientation programme.
既然每个人都明确了自己所在的小组,我们接着就开始进行培训项目。
deprive [dɪˈpraɪv] vt. 剥夺;使丧失
【参】remove (vt. 去除;解除) 【例】The accident deprived
him of his feet. 这场意外事故使他失去了双脚。
dividend [ˈdɪvɪdend]
contract [ˈkɒntrækt] n. 契约,合同
[kənˈtrækt] v. 缩小;签约 【参】subcontract
(v. 分包,转包) 【例】Both sides should abide by the contract.
双方都应该遵守合同。
uneasy [ʌnˈiːzi] adj. 心神不安的;担心的 【例】He was
uneasy about the results of the final exams.
他为期末考试成绩忧心忡忡。
automatically [ˌɔːtəˈmætɪkli] adv. 自动地;无意识地
【例】Cars will be automatically controlled by computer in the
future.未来的汽车将由计算机自动控制。
asset [ˈæset]
clarity [ˈklærəti]
sophisticated [səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd] adj.
老于世故的,老练的;精密的,尖端的,先进的;复杂的;高雅的,有教养的
【参】sophistication(n. 精致;复杂)
experienced (adj.
经验丰富的,熟练的);proficient
(adj.精通的,熟练的);complicated (adj.
复杂的)unsophisticated (adj. 不懂世故的;单纯的)
【例】Space management is now a highly sophisticated method of
manipulating the way we shop to ensure maximum profit.
空间管理现在已成为一种非常尖端的技术,它通过控制我们的购物方式来实现利润最大化。
bulk [bʌlk]
calibre [ˈkælɪbə(r)]
machinery [məˈʃiːnəri]
intimate [ˈɪntɪmət] adj. 亲密的,密切的;私人的,个人的
n. 至交,密友 [ˈɪntɪmeɪt] vt. 暗示,提示,透露 【例】The
dance studio provides a smaller, more intimate space, which we use for
ballet, modern dance and martial arts.
舞蹈室为我们练习芭蕾、现代舞和武术提供了一个更小、更私密的空间。
restrict [rɪˈstrɪkt] vt. 限制,约束 【例】A student loan is
not restricted to those who receive a maintenance grant in this school.
在这所学校,学生贷款并不限于那些领生活补助金的学生。
harsh [hɑːʃ] adj.
严厉的,严酷的;粗糙的;刻薄的;(天气或环境)恶劣的;刺耳的,刺目的
【例】The report has harsh words for the countries that sold these
weapons. 这篇报道严厉谴责了出售这些武器的国家。
parliament [ˈpɑːləmənt]
deviate [ˈdiːvieɪt]
deviation(n. 偏向;偏差,误差)
【例】Adjustments to the direction of the tunnel also had to be made
whenever builders encountered geological problems or when it deviated
from its set path.
每当建筑者遇到地质问题或者隧道偏离既定路线时,也必须调整隧道的方向。
aquarium [əˈkweəriəm]
dweller [ˈdwelə(r)]
headquarters [ˌhedˈkwɔːtəz]
coverage [ˈkʌvərɪdʒ]
scope (n. 范围) 【例】 We
all wait for the live coverage of the results of the bombing trial.
我们都等着看这起爆炸审判结果的现场报道。
enforce [ɪnˈfɔːs] vt. 实施,执行;强制,迫使
【参】enforcement (n. 实施,执行) 【例】 Do they enforce
that rule? 他们执行那条规则了吗?// The teacher did not like to enforce
rigid rules on the children.
那个老师不愿将陈规旧条强加到孩子们身上。
specialty [ˈspeʃəlti]
special (adj. 专门的)
【例】Cross-country skiing events are a specialty of cold-weather
countries. 越野滑雪赛事是气候寒冷的国家中一道独特的风景线。
intrinsic [ɪnˈtrɪnsɪk] adj. 固有的,内在的;本质的
【参】intrinsically (adv. 内在地)inherent
(adj. 内在的,固有的);essential (adj.
本质的);innate (adj. 天生的,固有的)
extrinsic (adj. 外来的;外在的);external
(adj. 外面的;外来的)
realistic [ˌriːəˈlɪstɪk] adj.
现实(主义)的,实际的;恰如其分的;逼真的 【参】real
(adj. 真的,真实的) unrealistic (adj.
不切实际的);realistically (adv. 实事求是地;栩栩如生地)
【例】We must be more realistic towards the tough problem.
面对这个棘手的问题,我们应该更现实一点。
indifferent [ɪnˈdɪfrənt] adj. 冷漠的,不关心的 【例】Tina
seems to be totally indifferent to the exam result of the higher
language course. 蒂娜似乎对高级语言课程的考试结果毫不关心。
retailer [ˈriːteɪlə(r)]
retail [ˈriːteɪl](n. 零售 v. 零售,以…价格销售)
retailing (n. 零售业) 【例】Many retailers are facing
their slowest business period during the financial crisis.
在金融危机中,许多零售商正处在生意最低迷时期。
turnover [ˈtɜːnəʊvə(r)]
shift
(n. 移动,移位;轮班) 【例】 The company tried its best to decrease
the turnover. 公司竭尽全力降低人事变动率。
lateral [ˈlætərəl] adj. 侧面的,旁边的
【参】lateralize (vt. 把…移到一侧) 【例】Not even our
closest relatives among the apes possess such decided lateral asymmetry,
as zoologists call it.
正如动物学家所认为的那样,即便是和我们有着最近的血缘关系的猿类也不具备这样明显的侧向不对称性。
dense [dens] adj. 密集的;浓厚的
【参】density(n. 密集;浓度,密度) 【例】The airport was
closed because of the dense fog. 机场因为大雾而关闭了。
snack [snæk]
marvellous [ˈmɑːvələs] adj.
令人惊奇的;奇特的,非凡的;奇迹般的,不可思议的;绝妙的
【参】marvel(n.令人惊异的人(或事),奇迹
v.感到惊奇,大为赞叹) 【例】We’ll come to a picture gallery where we’ve
got a marvellous collection of paintings all by Australian artists.
接下来我们会来到一个画廊,这里有绝好的画作收藏,全都出自澳大利亚画家之手。
tribute [ˈtrɪbjuːt]
compliment
(n. 称赞,恭维);praise (n. 赞扬) 【例】The song is a
tribute to Roy Orbison. 这首歌是敬献给罗伊·奥比森的。
sanitary [ˈsænətri] adj. 清洁的;保健的,卫生的
【例】People living in the district suffered from appalling sanitary
conditions. 住在这一区域的人们要忍受极差的卫生条件。
archive [ˈɑːkaɪv]
anecdotal [ˌænɪkˈdəʊtl] adj. 轶话的,轶闻趣事的 【例】There
is only anecdotal evidence of life on Mars.
火星上存在生命仅仅是传言。
shorthand [ˈʃɔːthænd]
exceptional [ɪkˈsepʃənl] adj. 例外的;异常的
【参】except (prep. 除…之外) extraordinary
(adj. 非凡的,特别的);outstanding
(adj.突出的);unusual (adj.
不平常的)ordinary (adj.
平常的,普通的);common (adj. 普通的) 【例】Kate has
quite an exceptional music ability. 凯特具有非凡的音乐才能。
resume [rɪˈzjuːm]
craft [krɑːft]
goggles [ˈɡɒɡlz]
thereby [ˌðeəˈbaɪ] adv. 因此,从而 【例】Mary became an
American citizen, thereby gaining the right to vote.
玛丽成了美国公民,因此得到了投票权。
stake [steɪk]
barge [bɑːdʒ]
aerobics [eəˈrəʊbɪks]
aerodynamic(adj.空气动力学的,航空动力学的)
【例】This room is used mainly for badminton and aerobics.
这间屋子主要用作羽毛球室和有氧运动室。
shrub [ʃrʌb]
bush (n. 矮树丛);scrub
(n. 灌木) 【例】 The volunteers raked around shrubs and trees to look
for the lost children. 志愿者在灌木丛和树林里四处寻找迷路的孩子。
slat [slæt]
cinematography [ˌsɪnəməˈtɒgrəfi]
imagination [ɪˌmædʒɪˈneɪʃn]
bronchitis [brɒŋˈkaɪtɪs]
exacerbate [ɪɡˈzæsəbeɪt] vt. 使恶化,使加剧 【例】More
intensive farming and the abandonment of fallow periods tend to
exacerbate soil erosion.
更密集的耕种和取消休耕期会加剧土壤的侵蚀。
intrusion [ɪnˈtruːʒn]
cork [kɔːk]
insufficient [ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃnt] adj. 不足的,不够的
【参】sufficient(adj. 充足的,够的) 【例】The company’s
funds for research were insufficient.
那家公司没有足够的研究资金。
humid [ˈhjuːmɪd] adj. 湿的,潮湿的,湿润的,多潮气的
【参】damp(adj. 潮湿的 n. 潮湿,湿气 vt.
使潮湿;减弱,抑制) 【例】 Summers in that city are extremely hot and
humid. 那个城市的夏天非常湿热。
correspondence [ˌkɒrəˈspɒndəns]
allocation [ˌæləˈkeɪʃn]
allocate(vt.分配;配给;拨出) 【例】 People
approved the allocation of food to those who need it most.
人们赞成把食物分给那些最需要的人。
conquer [ˈkɒŋkə(r)] vt.
征服,战胜,占领;克服,破除(坏习惯等) 【参】conqueror
(n. 征服者);conquest (n. 攻取,征服,克服) 【例】Many
people have made attempts to conquer the peaks of Everest.
许多人都试图征服珠穆朗玛峰。
larva [ˈlɑːvə]
lava [ˈlɑːvə](n.(火山)熔岩,岩浆;火山岩)
【例】Once the beetle larvae have finished pupation, the residue is a
first-rate source of fertiliser.
一旦甲虫的幼虫完成化蛹过程,其残留物就是最好的肥料来源。
offspring [ˈɒfsprɪŋ]
occasional [əˈkeɪʒənl] adj. 偶尔的,间或发生的
【参】occasion(n.(某事发生的)时刻,时候;时机,适当的机会;理由,原因
v.引起,惹起) 【例】There will be occasional congruity between prophecy
and fact.预言与事实偶尔会一致。
crater [ˈkreɪtə(r)]
lava [ˈlɑːvə](n.(火山)熔岩,岩浆;火山岩)
【例】After the volcano erupted, lava domes formed inside the new
crater, and have periodically burst.
火山喷发后,新形成的火山口内部会形成熔岩穹丘,这些熔岩穹丘会周期性地爆发。
congregate [ˈkɒŋɡrɪɡeɪt]
ensue [ɪnˈsjuː]
ensure(vt.
确保,保证;担保;赋予) 【例】If a forest fire cannot be extinguished,
devastation is sure to ensue.
如果不能扑灭森林火灾,毁坏一定会随之发生。
declaration [ˌdekləˈreɪʃn]
declare(v. 宣布)
【例】This declaration seemed to calm the discontented party members
somewhat. 这项声明似乎让那些心存不满的党派成员稍微平静了点。
flexibility [ˌfleksəˈbɪləti]
flexible(adj.柔软的,灵活的) 【例】PE teachers help
the development of coordination, balance, posture, and flexibility with
activities like simple catching and throwing.
体育老师利用简单抓取和投掷等活动帮助学生发展身体的协调性、平衡性以及改善他们的体态和柔韧性。
significant [sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt] adj. 有意义的;重大的,重要的
【参】signify (v.
有重要性);sign(n.标记)significantly (adv.
显著地);insignificant (adj.
不重要的);significance
(n. 意义,含义;重要性,重大)
loyalty [ˈlɔɪəlti]
conditioner [kənˈdɪʃənə(r)]
controversy [ˈkɒntrəvɜːsi]
controversial(adj.争论的,争议的) 【例】There
exists a controversy over the plan for a new teaching building.
建造新教学楼的计划存在争议。
dwell [dwel]
dwelling (n. 住宅,寓所) 【例】This
kind of ground-dwelling herbivore may go extinct within a decade.
这种地栖食草动物也许在十年内就会灭绝。
sensation [senˈseɪʃn]
sense(n.感觉,意识) 【例】This discovery would
cause not much more sensation than Herschel’s discovery of Uranus, in
1781. 这一发现的影响不会比赫歇尔于1781年首次发现天王星时更轰动。
scrap [skræp]
scrape(v./n. 刮,擦)debris
(n. 碎片,残骸);abandon (vt. 放弃;遗弃)
【例】Scrapping farm-price support and protection for coal-mining offers
a two-fold bonus: a cleaner environment and a more efficient economy.
废除农产品价格补贴和对采煤业的保护有双重好处,可以获得更清洁的环境和更高效的经济。
recipient [rɪˈsɪpiənt]
recipe(n.食谱)receiver(n.接收器,接受者)
【例】This artificial heart recipient will recover in three weeks.
人造心脏接受者将在三个星期后康复。
identical [aɪˈdentɪkl] adj. 完全相同的,同一的
【参】alike (adj. 相似的);duplicate (adj.
完全相同的)dissimilar (adj.
不同的,相异的);distinct(adj. 有区别的,不同的)
【例】Even among identical twins, one in six pairs will differ in their
handedness.即使是同卵双胞胎,平均六对中也会出现一对在使用左右手习惯上不同的双胞胎。
rival [ˈraɪvl]
rivalry
(n. 竞争;竞赛;较量) 【例】 The rival team lost by 12 points in the
first round. 第一轮比赛中,对手队以12分之差败北。
tropospheric [ˌtrɒpəˈsferɪk] adj. 对流层的
【例】tropospheric ozone 对流层臭氧
earthwork [ˈɜːθwɜːk]
horrify [ˈhɒrɪfaɪ] vt. 使恐惧,使惊骇;使震惊;使感到厌恶
【参】horrible(adj.令人恐惧的,恐怖的) 【例】I had been
horrified by several newspaper reports.
我对几篇新闻报道的内容感到震惊。
compact [kəmˈpækt] adj.
紧密的,结实的;简明的;小巧的;紧凑的 vt. 使紧凑,压缩
【参】compaction
(n. 压紧,紧束的状态);compactness (n. 紧密)CD =
compact disk 光盘 【例】The bag must be compact and light for easy
transport. 这个包必须轻便结实以便于运输。
enquire [ɪnˈkwaɪə(r)]
enquiry(n. 打听,询问;调查) 【例】 If you have any
question, welcome to call the Students’ Union to enquire.
有任何问题,欢迎致电学生会询问。
memorandum [ˌmeməˈrændəm]
rectangular [rekˈtæŋgjələ(r)] adj. 长方形的,矩形的
【参】rectangle(n.长方形 adj.长方形的) 【例】 In front of
the Empire State Building is a long rectangular wading pool.
帝国大厦前面是一个长方形的浅水池。
kidney [ˈkɪdni]
standpoint [ˈstændpɔɪnt]
curative [ˈkjʊərətɪv] adj. 有疗效的;能治疗的
【参】cure(n./v.治疗,医好)
predominantly [prɪˈdɒmɪnəntli] adv. 主要地;重要地;显著地
【参】predominant [prɪˈdɒmɪnənt](adj.
卓越的,突出的;支配的,主要的,盛行的)
dominate(v.统治,支配;在……中占首要地位;俯视,高耸于;占绝对优势)dominant(adj.占支配地位的,占优势的;(基因)显性的n.显性(性状),显性基因)dominance(n.优势,支配地位)
【例】Tom grew up in the predominantly black, middle-class suburb of
this city. 汤姆在这个城市黑人和中产阶级占多数的市郊长大。
clutch [klʌtʃ]
asthma [ˈæsmə]
occasion [əˈkeɪʒn]
invaluable [ɪnˈvæljuəbl] adj. 极有用的;极宝贵的
【参】valueless (adj. 没有价值的)
moderation [ˌmɒdəˈreɪʃn]
documentation [ˌdɒkjumenˈteɪʃn]
document(n. 公文,文件,证件,文献 vt.
用文件(或文献等)证明;记载) 【例】When you open a bank account, you
should take some documentation with you.
当你去银行开户时,要随身携带一些证明资料。
critical [ˈkrɪtɪkl] adj.
批评的,评论的;危急的,紧要的;临界的;挑剔的;严重的;极重要的
【参】uncritical (adj.
不加批判的);critically (adv. 危急地;批判地) 【例】 The
strike has been stopped, but the situation is still critical at the
moment.虽然罢工停止了,但是当前形势仍很危急。
vocational [vəʊˈkeɪʃənl] adj. 职业的;业务的
【参】vocation(n. 职业) 【例】This is a vocational
training institute. 这是一家职业培训机构。
trinket [ˈtrɪŋkɪt]
expire [ɪkˈspaɪə(r)]
expiry (n. 期满;终结) 【例】The
lease on this house expires at the end of the year.
这房子租约年底到期。
turbine [ˈtɜːbaɪn]
backbone [ˈbækbəʊn]
attribute [əˈtrɪbjuːt] vt. 把…归因于 [ˈætrɪbjuːt]
n. 属性;品质 【参】ascribe (vt.
归因于,归咎于);quality (n. 质量;性质) 【例】The
global increase in greenhouse gases has been largely attributed to
industrial pollution in developed countries.
全球温室气体的增加主要归咎于发达国家的工业污染。
magnitude [ˈmægnɪtjuːd]
compatible [kəmˈpætəbl] adj. 兼容的;合得来的
【例】Accuracy is not always compatible with haste.
忙中难免出错。
entrepreneur [ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜː(r)]
proposal [prəˈpəʊzl]
propose (v. 提议,建议)
【例】The school master has accepted proposals to renovate the old
schoolhouses. 校长已经接受了翻新旧校舍的提议。
tramp [træmp]
fatal [ˈfeɪtl] adj.
致命的;重大的;命中注定的;灾难性的;导致失败的 【参】fate
(n. 命运) 【例】The majority of single-gene defects are fatal.
大部分的单基因缺陷都是致命的。
disapprove [ˌdɪsəˈpruːv]
approve(vt.批准,通过
vi.赞成;满意)approval(n.赞成,承认) 【例】They
disapprove of paying farmers who have not cultivated the land.
他们不赞成付钱给未耕种土地的农民。
complain [kəmˈpleɪn]
audacious [ɔːˈdeɪʃəs] adj.
大胆的;有冒险精神的;鲁莽的;厚颜无耻的 【例】The audacious proposal
was quickly denied by the committee.
这个冒险的提议很快就被委员会否决了。
disrupt [dɪsˈrʌpt] vt. 使中断;扰乱
【参】disruption (n. 扰乱;中断);disruptive
(adj. 破坏性的)interrupt(v.
中断,中止;阻碍;打断,打扰) interruption
(n. 打扰,打断) 【例】Work of any company may be disrupted by absence
of its employees. 任何一家公司的工作都可能因员工的旷工而中断。
inflation [ɪnˈfleɪʃn]
reinstate [ˌriːɪnˈsteɪt] vt. 恢复(法律、制度或规则)
【例】Whaley set up a festival to reinstate a sense of pride in their
eco-heritage, and helped local schoolchildren plant thousands of trees.
惠利创办了一个节日,以恢复当地人们对其生态遗产的自豪感,并帮助当地学童种植了数千棵树。
given [ˈɡɪvn] adj. 规定的,特定的;假设的 【例】It is often
important that you make it clear what your particular role is at a given
time. 明确自己在特定时间内的特定角色通常很重要。
advanced [ədˈvɑːnst] adj. 先进的
【参】advance(v./n.推进,前进) 【例】Prehistoric
Amazonians developed technology and art that were advanced for their
time. 史前亚马孙人创造了当时先进的技术和艺术。
milestone [ˈmaɪlstəʊn]
crank [kræŋk]
lexicographer [ˌleksɪˈkɒɡrəfə(r)]
lexicographical (adj. 词典编纂的)
【例】The reform has transformed the way lexicographers work.
这种改革改变了词典编纂者的工作方式。
costume [ˈkɒstjuːm]
manipulate [məˈnɪpjuleɪt] vt. 应付,处理;操纵,控制;影响
【参】handle (v. 操作,操纵);maneuver (v.
操纵) 【例】 Computers are very efficient at manipulating information.
计算机在处理信息方面效率极高。
juvenile [ˈdʒuːvənaɪl] adj.
少年的,少年特有的;幼稚的,不成熟的 n. 未成年人,少年
【参】childish (adj. 幼稚的);immature
(adj. 不成熟的);youngster
(n. 少年,年轻人);teenager (n. 青少年) 【例】Juvenile
delinquency has increased remarkably in the last decade.
在过去的十年里,未成年人犯罪有明显的增加。
freight [freɪt]
vulnerable [ˈvʌlnərəbl] adj. 易受攻击的,易受伤的
【参】vulnerability
(n. 易受攻击;弱点);vulnerably (adv.
易受伤害地;易受攻击地)assailable (adj.
可攻击的,易攻击的) strong (adj.
强壮的,强大的;坚固的);tough (adj. 强硬的;坚韧的)
【例】Women are especially vulnerable to back pain because of pregnancy.
由于怀孕,女性尤其容易背痛。
presumably [prɪˈzjuːməbli] adv. 很可能,大概
【参】presumable (adj. 可能的)presume〔v.
假定(某事)是事实,推测〕 【例】Presumably consumers have bought such
poisonous food. 消费者很可能已经购买了这种有毒食品。
presume [prɪˈzuːm]
v.料想,(不肯定地)认为;假设,设想;(法律上或官方)假定,推定;擅自,冒昧;意味着;擅作主张,冒昧
sanctuary [ˈsæŋktʃuəri]
coarse [kɔːs] adj. 粗的;粗糙的;粗劣的 【例】It’s good for
you to walk on the coarse sand with bare feet.
光脚在粗沙上走动对你有好处。
insecure [ˌɪnsɪˈkjʊə(r)] adj. 不安全的,不可靠的
【参】insecurity (n. 不安全,不安全感) 【例】The trend
towards blurring these roles in dress is probably democratic, but it
also makes some people very insecure.
淡化服饰角色的趋势或许比较民主,但同时也让一些人觉得很不安全。
linen [ˈlɪnɪn]
inspiration [ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃn]
inspirational (adj. 鼓舞人心的;启发灵感的)
【例】Hypotheses arise from guesswork, or from inspiration.
假说源于人们的猜测或灵感。
cultivate [ˈkʌltɪveɪt] vt. 种植;培养 【例】This banana is
the first type to be cultivated here.
这种香蕉是这里最早种植的品种。
disorder [dɪsˈɔːdə(r)]
disorderly(adj.
混乱的,无秩序的) 【例】The couple knew through the examination that
they would have a baby free from the disorder.
通过检查,这对夫妇知道自己会生一个健康的宝宝。
aggravate [ˈæɡrəveɪt] vt. 恶化,加重,加剧
【参】exacerbate(vt. 使恶化,使加剧)
aggravation (n. 恶化,激怒;恼人的事物)
burden (vt. 使担负);increase (v.
增加)decrease (v. 减少);lessen (v.
减少,减轻) 【例】The pollution problems in the area will be further
aggravated by the heavy industry.
重工业的发展将使该地区的污染问题进一步恶化。
deception [dɪˈsepʃn]
pliable [ˈplaɪəbl] adj.
(指人或思想)容易受影响的;顺从的;易弯的,柔韧的 【例】This pair of
shoes are made of pliable leather. 这双鞋是用软皮做的。
disposal [dɪˈspəʊzl]
dispose (v. 处理,处置)
【例】The main use of water in most families is washing and waste
disposal. 在大多数家庭中,水的主要用途是洗漱和废物处理。
subsidiary [səbˈsɪdiəri]
subordinate (adj.
次要的;下属的);affiliate
(n. 分支机构);branch (n. 分支,分部) 【例】Ports
attract many subsidiaries and independent industries.
港口城市吸引了很多附属公司和独立产业。
terrain [təˈreɪn]
landform (n. 地形) 【例】 Five speed
bicycles are best suited to riding over long distances or hilly terrain.
五档位变速自行车最适用于长途旅行或者崎岖多山的地形。
kneel [niːl]
knee(n.膝盖) 【例】Mary knelt down to
examine the damage to her car. 玛丽跪下来仔细查看汽车的受损情况。
overwhelm [ˌəʊvəˈwelm] vt. 征服;淹没
【参】overwhelming (adj. 势不可挡的,压倒性的;巨大的)
【例】The village was overwhelmed by the flood.
那个村庄被洪水淹没了。
contempt [kənˈtempt]
disdain (n. 轻蔑)
【例】The officer’s tone of voice towards the stowaway was loaded with
contempt. 警官对偷渡者说话的语气充满了轻蔑。
badge [bædʒ]
token
(n. 象征;记号);mark (n. 标志,记号) 【例】Are there
any marks or badges on your briefcase that make it stand out?
你的公文包上是否有什么记号或标记能让它区别于其他公文包?
economic [ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk] adj. 经济的;经济上的,经济学的
【例】They encouraged farmers to use greater quantities of fertilizers
than are needed to get the highest economic crop yield.
他们鼓励农民使用远远超过作物实际所需量的化肥,以获得最高的经济作物产量。
feeble [ˈfiːbl] adj. 虚弱的;无效的 【例】I felt feeble
when I was ill. 我生病的时候感到很虚弱。
suburb [ˈsʌbɜːb]
urban(adj.城市的,市内的;都市的;住在都市的)
【例】The hotel in Sydney’s southern suburbs is the closest to Sydney
Airport. 位于悉尼南郊的这家酒店是距离悉尼机场最近的酒店。
pulverise [ˈpʌlvəraɪz] vt. 碾磨成粉,粉碎 【例】Pulverised
rock will climb as a dust cloud into the atmosphere.
石粉会像尘雾一样上升到大气中。
fertilise [ˈfɜːtəlaɪz] vt. 使肥沃,使多产;施肥于;使受精
【参】fertilizer [ˈfɜːrtəlaɪzər](n.肥料,化肥;受精媒介物)
【例】Mature breeding birds are very expensive—even a fertilised ostrich
egg isn’t cheap.
这种鸟的成鸟很贵,甚至一个受精的鸵鸟蛋都不便宜。
ration [ˈræʃn]
conquest [ˈkɒŋkwest]
sophisticate [səˈfɪstɪkət]
snap [snæp]
identifiable [aɪˌdentɪˈfaɪəbl] adj.
可辨认的,可识别的;可确定的 【参】identify (v.
确认,认出)
nominal [ˈnɒmɪnl] adj.
名义上的;(金额、租金等)微不足道的;象征性的
【参】nominally (adv.
有名无实地,名义上地)titular (adj.
有名无实的,名义上的);minor (adj.
较小的,较少的)actual (adj.
实际的,真实的);genuine (adj. 真正的) 【例】The bonus
to employees is merely a nominal sum.
雇员们只得到了一笔象征性的奖金。
extremely [ɪkˈstriːmli] adv. 极端地;非常地 【例】Long
hours of hot sunshine and searing winds give Australia an extremely high
rate of evaporation.
长时间的烈日曝晒和炙热的风使澳大利亚的蒸发率极高。
miserable [ˈmɪzrəbl] adj. 悲惨的,痛苦的;令人难受的
【例】Many female patients have completely given up exercise because the
pain makes them so miserable.
很多女性病人已经完全放弃了锻炼,因为疼痛让她们极其痛苦。
continuous [kənˈtɪnjuəs] adj. 连续的,不断的
【参】continue (v. 持续)continuously (adv.
不断地,连续地) 【例】There’s a continuous video showing today about
the voyages of Captain Cook.
今日将连续放映有关库克船长航海的录像。
crack [kræk]
rape [reɪp]
n.强奸罪,强奸案;(尤指对土地的)破坏,糟蹋;油菜;(榨汁后供制醋用的)葡萄渣
v.强奸,强暴;蹂躏,破坏(地方);掠夺,抢夺
【参】rapist(n.强奸犯)
vet [vet] vt. 审查,仔细检查 n. 兽医
【参】screen (vt./n. 审查,检查) 【例】Students who want
loans are not “means tested” or “credit vetted”.
想要贷款的学生不用接受家庭经济状况调查,也不用接受信用审查。// I have to
take the cat to the vet’s tomorrow.
明天我得把猫带到兽医诊所去诊治。
resonate [ˈrezəneɪt]
gross [grəʊs] adj. 总的;毛的 【例】Gross Domestic Product
GDP 国内生产总值。Agriculture and its supporting industries account for
around 20% of our Gross National Product.
农业及其辅助产业占我国国民生产总值的20%左右。
cloakroom [ˈkləʊkruːm]
refusal [rɪˈfjuːzl]
refuse (v. 拒绝) 【例】The journalists
received outright refusal of the foreign spokesman.
记者们遭到了外交发言人的断然拒绝。
coupon [ˈkuːpɒn]
tome [təʊm]
toxin [ˈtɒksɪn]
toxic [ˈtɒksɪk](adj.
有毒的;引起中毒的) 【例】Intake of nicotine encourages activity of
other toxins in the blood. 吸入的尼古丁会激活血液中的其他毒素。
simultaneously [ˌsɪmlˈteɪniəsli] adv. 同时地 【例】Where
the mining is underground, the surface area can be simultaneously used
for forests, cattle grazing and crop raising.
在地下采矿的同时,其表层的土地可以用来造林、放牧和种庄稼。
chip [tʃɪp]
familiarise [fəˈmɪliəraɪz] vt. 使熟悉,使通晓;使家喻户晓
【参】familiar (adj. 熟悉的) 【例】Read the flow chart to
familiarise yourself with the task.
阅读流程图以熟悉你自己的任务。
expectancy [ɪkˈspektənsi]
expect(v.预料;期望;要求)unexpected(adj.意外的,想不到的);expectedly(adv.预料之中地);unexpectedly(adv.出乎意料地);expectation(n.预料;期望)
【例】Smoking will cause a shortened life expectancy.
吸烟会导致寿命缩短。
blueprint [ˈbluːprɪnt]
interplay [ˈɪntəpleɪ] vi./n. 相互作用,相互影响
【例】Social factors have interplayed with one another over the past
hundred years and made the Middle East what it is today.
在过去的一百年间,诸多社会因素相互影响,造成了今天中东的局势。
genuine [ˈdʒenjuɪn] adj. 真正的;真实的 【例】 Sixteen
American states now use biometric fingerprint verification systems to
check that people claiming welfare payments are genuine.
现在美国的16个州利用生物指纹识别系统来确保要求领取福利金的人员信息真实无误。
attentive [əˈtentɪv] adj.
注意的,专心的;关心的,体贴的;留意的
【参】attention(n. 注意(力),留心;立正) 【例】Kate is
attentive to her work. 凯特工作很专心。
observation [ˌɒbzəˈveɪʃn]
observe(v.观察;遵守)observer(n.观察者,观察员)
【例】Can we mail out a questionnaire, or do face-to-face interviews, or
maybe even observation?
我们是邮寄调查表,还是面对面采访,亦或是进行观察?
vitality [vaɪˈtæləti]
vital(adj.至关重要的,生死攸关的)
【例】When you see the Asiatic lion in India, what you sense is enormous
vitality.
当你在印度看到亚洲狮时,你能感觉到的就是它们旺盛的生命力。
advisable [ədˈvaɪzəbl] adj. 可取的,适当的;明智的
【参】advise(vt.忠告,劝告,建议) 【例】 Do I have to
book the seat in advance? 我必须提前预订座位吗?Oh, yes, it’s
advisable.哦,是的,这样更好。
bankrupt [ˈbæŋkrʌpt] adj. 破产的 【例】The theatre went
bankrupt with over ten billion dollars of debt last January.
去年一月份,那家剧院因负债超过一百亿美元而破产。
deplete [dɪˈpliːt] vt. 倒空;使枯竭;消耗
【参】depletion (n. 消耗;枯竭) 【例】When local
resources became depleted, the tribe moved on.
当地资源濒临枯竭时,部落会迁往他处。
tragic [ˈtrædʒɪk] adj. 悲惨的;悲剧(性)的
【参】miserable(adj. 悲惨的,痛苦的;令人难受的)
【例】His trip to America is a tragic story.
他的美国之行就是个悲剧。
splint [splɪnt]
foam [fəʊm]
slope [sləʊp]
prerequisite [ˌpriːˈrekwəzɪt]
prey [preɪ]
quarry (n. 猎物);victim
(n. 受害者,牺牲品);afflict(vt.
使苦恼,折磨);bother (v. 打扰,麻烦) 【例】Most animals
hunt their prey by means of their eye-sight.
大多数动物靠视力进行捕猎。
screw [skruː]
enlighten [ɪnˈlaɪtn] vt. 启发;开导;阐明 【例】Would you
enlighten me on your plans for the future?
能否给我讲讲你未来的计划?
textile [ˈtekstaɪl]
topsoil [ˈtɒpsɔɪl]
soil(n. 土壤,土地) 【例】The United
States discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland was
seriously losing topsoil.
美国于1982年发现其约有五分之一的耕地存在极为严重的表层土流失现象。
layout [ˈleɪaʊt]
venture [ˈventʃə(r)]
adventure(n.冒险;奇遇) 【例】Allan, a doctoral
student in anthropology, ventured deep into the jungle to search for the
primitive natives.
艾伦是一名人类学博士生,他冒险深入丛林腹地寻找原始土著。
gland [glænd]
shortage [ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ]
lack
(n. 缺少);deficiency (n. 不足) 【例】The development
project was greeted because of Holland’s chronic shortage of land.
由于荷兰土地长期短缺,这一开发项目在荷兰大受欢迎。
accreditation [əˌkredɪˈteɪʃn]
accredit(vt. 委任,委派)
【例】Our school has already reached the standards for the accreditation
of colleges. 我们学校已经达到了学院资格认定的标准。
stagnant [ˈstæɡnənt] adj. 停滞的,不发展的 【例】Because of
economic crisis, our company’s sale has remained stagnant.
由于经济危机,我们公司的销售额停滞不前。
flip [flɪp]
flap(v. 拍打;(翅膀)拍动
n. 薄片;封盖;振动;激动) 【例】A switch was flipped and the machine
began to operate. 轻弹开关,机器便开始运作。
emphasize [ˈemfəsaɪz] vt. 强调,着重 【例】This report
emphasizes that cancer is not caused by a single element in cigarette
smoke. 这一报告强调,癌症并不是由香烟烟雾中的某单一成分导致的。
historic [hɪˈstɒrɪk] adj. 有历史意义的;历史的,历史性的
【例】There are a number of historic ships docked in the harbour.
这个港湾停泊了很多具有历史意义的船舶。
provision [prəˈvɪʒn]
provide (vt. 供应,提供) preparation
(n. 准备,预备);clause
(n. 条款);food(n. 食物) 【例】The country has enough
provisions of grain for the future several years.
这个国家备有足够的粮食储备以供未来几年使用。
internist [ɪnˈtɜːnɪst]
suspend [səˈspend] vt. 吊,悬挂;推迟;暂停,中止
【参】suspended (adj.
暂停的;缓期的);suspender (n. 吊裤带,背带) 【例】The
party representative suspended the talk with the government.
该党代表暂停了和政府的对话。
untrustworthy [ʌnˈtrʌstwɜːði] adj. 不值得信任的,靠不住的
【例】Allen should have known better than to lend such a large sum of
money to that untrustworthy cousin of his.
艾伦应该知道把这么一大笔钱借给他那不可靠的堂兄是不明智的。
prospective [prəˈspektɪv] adj. 预期的;未来的;可能的
【参】imminent (adj.
即将来临的);anticipated (adj. 预期的) 【例】Department
heads composed prospective teams using a combination of people from all
three categories.
部门领导从现有所有三组人中选出一些人组成未来的团队。
clue [kluː]
glue(n.胶水) 【例】 If you do not
know a word, you can look to the picture in this book for a clue to its
meaning. 如果你碰到不认识的单词,可以通过书中的插图来推测它的意思。
stammer [ˈstæmə(r)]
swamp [swɒmp] vt. 淹没;使应接不暇 n. 沼泽
【参】overwhelm (vt. 淹没;压倒);marsh
(n. 湿地,沼泽) 【例】 The tsunami swamped the port city.
海啸吞没了这座港口城市。
jealous [ˈdʒeləs] adj. 嫉妒的;猜疑的 【例】Tom is jealous
of anyone who talks to his girlfriend.
汤姆对每个和她女友说话的人都心存猜疑。
fickle [ˈfɪkl] adj. 易变的,无常的 【例】I knew that he was
a fickle man, and one you could never rely on.
我知道他是个反复无常的人,你绝不能依赖他。
uphill [ˌʌpˈhɪl] adv. 向上,往上;上坡;艰难地 【例】We
cycled uphill for over an hour.
我们骑自行车爬了一个多小时的山坡。
gender [ˈdʒendə(r)]
consecutive [kənˈsekjətɪv] adj. 连续不断的,连贯的
【参】successive (adj. 继承的;连续的) 【例】You should
give a clear and consecutive narrative for your report.
你应该就你的报告给出一个清晰、连贯的陈述。
diversion [daɪˈvɜːʃn]
volume [ˈvɒljuːm]
refund [ˈriːfʌnd]
[rɪˈfʌnd] vt. 退还(钱款),偿付
【参】refundable (adj. 可偿还的) 【例】 You can’t get a
refund if you don’t have any invoices.
如果你没有发票就不能获得退款。
emboss [ɪmˈbɒs] vt. 使…凸出;压花(纹) 【例】The hotel’s
name was embossed on all the towels.
所有毛巾上都压印有旅馆的名字。
internationalist [ˌɪntəˈnæʃnəlɪst]
scatter [ˈskætə(r)]
prevail [prɪˈveɪl]
glossary [ˈɡlɒsəri]
gloss(n. 光泽,色泽;虚假的外表,假象;注解 v.
使具有光泽;发光,发亮;掩饰;曲解;作注释) 【例】You’ll find the
meaning of the difficult words used on this website in the glossary.
你能在词汇表中查到此网页上难词的意思。
consolidation [kənˌsɒlɪˈdeɪʃn]
mansion [ˈmænʃn]
goodwill [ˌɡʊdˈwɪl]
amass [əˈmæs] vt. 积聚 【例】The monopoly capitalists
amassed fabulous wealth during World War II.
二战期间,垄断资本家大发横财。
grip [ɡrɪp]
gripping (adj. 引人入胜的) 【例】 She gripped on to
the railing with both hands. 她双手紧紧抓住栏杆。
galaxy [ˈgæləksi]
route [ruːt]
deficiency [dɪˈfɪʃnsi]
inadequacy (n. 不充分,不足)
【例】The short child of tall parents very likely had a hormone
deficiency early in life.
父母个子高而孩子个子矮,极可能是孩子幼年时分泌的荷尔蒙不足造成的。
sensational [senˈseɪʃənl] adj.
轰动性的,引起哗然的;耸人听闻的;极好的;绝妙的
【参】sensation(
n. (感官的)感觉能力;感觉,知觉;轰动,引起轰动的事件(或人物))sense(n.感觉,意识)
【例】The performance given by the newcomers is a sensational success.
新来者的表演相当成功。
participation [pɑːˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃn]
participate (vi. 参与) 【例】The
students below 20 years old are not given the participation in the
ball.20岁以下的学生不允许参加舞会。
cultivation [ˌkʌltɪˈveɪʃn]
pretension [prɪˈtenʃn]
harness [ˈhɑːnɪs] vt. 控制,利用;上马具 n. 马具 【例】The
dam stores water for such functions as the irrigation of crops and the
harnessing of the force of gravity for the generation of electricity.
大坝的存水可以用来灌溉农作物或利用重力来发电等。
stitch [stɪtʃ] vt. 缝,缝合 n. 一针,针脚 【例】Susan is
stitching her old clothes. 苏珊正在缝她的旧衣服。
manual [ˈmænjuəl]
manually (adv. 用手地,手工地) 【例】You should
read the manual instruction carefully before fixing the air-conditioner.
安装空调前你应该仔细阅读指导手册。
mite [maɪt]
scheme [skiːm]
sensory [ˈsensəri] adj. 感觉的,感官的 【例】Mr. Roger is a
scientist working in the field of sensory perception.
罗杰先生是感官知觉领域的一名科学家。
materialistic [məˌtɪəriəˈlɪstɪk] adj.
唯物主义的;物质享乐主义的,贪图享乐的 【参】material
(adj. 物质的) 【例】Modern society is often called materialistic.
现代社会通常被称为是物质享乐主义的。
detach [dɪˈtætʃ]
disconnect (vt.
切断,使分离);separate (v. 分开,分离)
attach (v. 系;附加) 【例】The mechanic detached the oil
filter. 机修工拆下了滤油器。
torrent [ˈtɒrənt]
thirsty [ˈθɜːsti] adj. 口渴的;饥渴的
【参】thirst(n.渴,口渴;渴望) 【例】The moisture is
absorbed by thirsty plants. 饥渴的植物吸收了水分。
seam [siːm]
microcosm [ˈmaɪkrəʊkɒzəm]
proliferate [prəˈlɪfəreɪt]
proliferation
(n. 增殖;分芽繁殖) 【例】If these other quick-growing species of
bushes and plants are allowed to proliferate, they harm the eucalyptus
in another way, by affecting the composition of the soil, and removing
nutrients from it.
如果这些其他快速生长的灌木和植物得以激增,它们会以另一种方式损害桉树,影响土壤的成分,并从土壤中迁移养分。
surgery [ˈsɜːdʒəri]
surgeon(n.外科医生) 【例】 They perform surgery
between 9:00 and 11:30 every weekday.
他们在每个工作日的9:00到11:30做手术。
overwork [ˌəʊvəˈwɜːk]
parental [pəˈrentl] adj. 父的;母的;父母(般)的
【参】parent [ˈpeərənt](n.父(母),双亲) 【例】The
government repeatedly stressed its support for parental choice in the
selection of a child’s school.
政府一再重申其支持家长对孩子教育的选择权。
sediment [ˈsedɪmənt]
sedimentation (n. 沉淀,沉降);sedimentary
(adj. 沉积的,沉积形成的) 【例】There was heavy brown sediment in the
bottom of the bottle. 水壶的底部有厚厚的棕色沉淀物。
resit [ˈriːsɪt] v./n. 重修,补考 【例】 The four students
resat the final examinations and passed this time.
这四名学生参加了期末考试补考,这次都通过了。
menace [ˈmenəs]
threat
(n. 威胁,恐吓);threaten (v. 威胁,恐吓) 【例】Let’s
look at some of the reasons why back pain is developing into such a
unique menace. 让我们来看一看为什么背疼会演变成一种顽疾。
establish [ɪˈstæblɪʃ] vt. 建立;确立;安置,使定居 【参】
establishment (n. 建立;确立) 【例】You may have to
establish new eating habits in order to keep healthy.
为了保持健康,你需要养成一些新的饮食习惯。
simulate [ˈsɪmjuleɪt] vt. 模仿,模拟;假装,伪装;扮演
【参】imitate (vt. 模仿,效仿);ape (vt.
模仿);affect (v. 假装) 【例】 The experiment simulated
a natural environment. 这个试验模拟了一种自然环境。
flexitime [ˈfleksitaɪm]
ultimately [ˈʌltɪmətli] adv. 最终地
【参】ultimate [ˈʌltɪmət](adj. 最后的,最终的;根本的
n. 最好(或先进、伟大等)的事物;最终的事实) 【例】The paper was
written, edited, typeset and ultimately printed.
报纸经过编写、编辑、排版,最后被印刷出来。
sinew [ˈsɪnjuː]
veil [veɪl]
removal [rɪˈmuːvl]
compel [kəmˈpel] vt. 强迫 【例】The boss compels workers to
spend more time on the job. 老板强迫工人花更多的时间在工作上。
serial [ˈsɪəriəl]
oversee [ˌəʊvəˈsiː] vt. 监督,监视 【例】You must appoint
someone to oversee the project. 你得指派某个人监督这个项目。
reinforce [ˌriːɪnˈfɔːs] vt. 加强;增援 【例】Concrete with
steel bars in it is known as reinforced
concrete.水泥中加入钢条就成了我们所知的钢筋混凝土。
donation [dəʊˈneɪʃn]
overdraft [ˈəʊvədrɑːft]
optical [ˈɒptɪkl] adj. 视力的;光学的
【参】optic (adj. 眼睛的;视觉的) 【例】We’ll discuss
optical fibres and how they could be used in the future to improve
optical instruments.
我们将讨论光纤以及将来如何把它们用于改善光学仪器等问题。
retail [ˈriːteɪl]
retailer
(n. 零售商,零售店);retailing (n. 零售业) 【例】What
sorts of shop do you like best, the department store or the small
retails ? 你最喜欢哪种商店,百货商场还是小零售店?
cultural [ˈkʌltʃərəl] adj. 文化的,人文的 【例】 The
exhibition showed some cultural relics of the primeval times.
该展览展出了很多原始时期的文化遗产。
solution [səˈluːʃn]
soluble [ˈsɒljəbl](adj. 可溶的;可解决的) 【例】 It
took time to find solution to the problem.
找到解决该问题的方法需要时间。
morality [məˈræləti]
moral(adj.道德的,精神的
n.道德;寓意)morally(adv.道德上地) 【例】Mankind has
undergone great improvement in intelligence or morality.
人类无论在智力方面还是在道德方面都经历了巨大的进步。
transaction [trænˈzækʃn]
deal
(n. 交易);exchange (n. 交换;交易) 【例】 The teller
told me that the computer system was temporarily down, so they couldn’t
do any transactions.
出纳员告诉我计算机系统临时出故障了,所以他们不能进行任何交易。
twofold [ˈtuːfəʊld] adj. 两倍的,双重的;有两部分的 adv.
两倍地,双重地 【例】There has been a twofold increase in the number of
rare birds in the past decade.
在过去的十年,珍稀鸟类的数量增加了两倍。
congress [ˈkɒŋgres]
congressional (adj. 大会的;国会的) 【例】The
congress called on the local governments to reopen schools after the
war. 战后,国会号召地方政府重开学校。
germ [dʒɜːm]
fashion [ˈfæʃn]
fashionable (adj. 时髦的)
【例】You’ll find all sorts of things in the museum: old suitcases,
ships’crockery, and classical cabins decorated in the fashion of the
day.
在博物馆里你会找到各类东西:陈旧的手提箱、陶制船模型,还有以当时风格装饰的古典小屋。
splash [splæʃ]
splatter (v.
飞溅);sprinkle (v. 喷洒) 【例】I refreshed myself by
splashing cold water on my face. 我往脸上扑冷水让自己精神起来。
beforehand [bɪˈfɔːhænd] adv. 预先,事先
【参】afterward (adv. 然后,后来) 【例】The experiment
will last for one year. Beforehand, several months are devoted to
planning.
试验将持续一年的时间。在此之前,要用几个月的时间制订计划。
filter [ˈfɪltə(r)]
objection [əbˈdʒekʃn]
tunnel [ˈtʌnl]
contrast [ˈkɒntrɑːst] n. 对比;对照
[kənˈtrɑːst] v. 对比;对照;形成对比 【例】This white peak
contrasts finely with the blue sky.
这座雪白的山峰同蔚蓝的天空交相辉映。
stem [stem]
sincere [sɪnˈsɪə(r)] adj. 真挚的,真诚的,诚恳的
【参】sincerely(adv.真诚地) 【例】My respect to you is
very sincere. 我对您的尊敬是非常诚挚的。
summarise [ˈsʌməraɪz]
summary (n. 总结,概括) 【例】 The
speaker summarised the important points of her lecture.
演讲者概括了她演讲中的重点。
foetus [ˈfiːtəs]
merge [mɜːdʒ]
label [ˈleɪbl] vt. 贴标签于 n. 标签,标记;称号;绰号,外号
【例】 I think we should label the lid itself and say that it
constitutes twenty-five percent of the total weight.
我认为我们应该在盖子上贴上标签,注明盖子本身占总重的25%。
interrelationship [ˌɪntərɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp]
stationery [ˈsteɪʃənri]
limestone [ˈlaɪmstəʊn]
impulse [ˈɪmpʌls]
desire
(n. 愿望,欲望);urge (n. 强烈的欲望,迫切的要求)
【例】Mary bought the dress on impulse. 玛丽一时冲动买了这件衣服。
incapacitate [ˌɪnkəˈpæsɪteɪt] vt.
使无能力;使伤残;使不适合;使无资格 【例】The figures show that about a
quarter of a million people are incapacitated with back pain every day.
数据显示,每天约有25万人因背痛而无法正常生活。
chunk [tʃʌŋk]
blend [blend]
blender(n.搅拌机,果汁机;掺和者,混合者,混合装置;Blender(三维图形软件);)
【例】The music gradually blended into the city noises.
音乐逐渐和城市的噪音混杂在了一起。
conceive [kənˈsiːv]
think (v.
想,认为);imagine (v. 想象,设想) 【例】These
scientific advances can offer a new way to test whether a conceived baby
is healthy or not.
这些科学上的进步为检测孕育中的婴儿是否健康提供了一种新方法。
frustrate [frʌˈstreɪt] vt. 使沮丧;挫败
【参】frustrating [frʌˈstreɪtɪŋ](adj.
令人泄气的,使人沮丧的) 【例】This is the place where we frustrated the
enemy. 我们就是在此处挫败了敌人。
extend [ɪkˈstend]
pedal [ˈpedl]
handlebars(n.车把)
seat(n.车座) tire(n.车胎)
chain(n.链条) spoke(n.辐条) 【例】The riders
pedaled fast along the rocky road.
车手们在崎岖的路上飞快地骑着脚踏车。
resident [ˈrezɪdənt]
residence
(n. 住处;居住) 【例】 It’s completely free as long as you’re a
resident here. 只要你是这里的住户,就可以完全免费(享受这项服务)。
optometrist [ɒpˈtɒmətrɪst]
degrade [dɪˈɡreɪd]
degradation (n. 退化,恶化)demote
(vt. 使降级,使降职);decompose (v.
分解);abase (vt. 降低) 【例】You should not degrade
yourself by telling such a lie.
你不该说这样的谎话来降低自己的人格。
particle [ˈpɑːtɪkl]
registration [ˌredʒɪˈstreɪʃn]
gorge [gɔːdʒ]
recreational [ˌrekriˈeɪʃənl] adj. 消遣的,娱乐的;游戏的
【参】recreation n.消遣,娱乐 recreate(v.
(使)得到休养;(使)得到娱乐) 【例】Sports facilities are set aside
in the corner for the community’s recreational use.
角落里设置了运动器材,以供社区居民娱乐之用。
subtropical [ˌsʌbˈtrɒpɪkl] adj. 亚热带的
【参】tropical(adj. 热带的;炎热的) 【例】 The storm is
now retrograding to the southeast, into subtropical latitudes.
暴风雨正在向东南方退去,进入亚热带地区。
detract [dɪˈtrækt]
depress [dɪˈpres] vt. 使沮丧;使不景气;降低,减少
【参】depression(n. 忧愁,消沉;低气压;不景气,萧条期;抑郁症)
【例】The recession has depressed the housing market.
经济衰退导致住房市场不景气。
scarce [skeəs] adj. 缺乏的,不足的;稀少的,罕见的
【例】Many natural materials are becoming scarce.
许多天然原料濒临枯竭。
waterproof [ˈwɔːtəpruːf] adj. 不透水的;防水的
n. 防水衣物,雨衣 【例】The waterproof match can still work after eight
hours in water. 防水火柴放在水里八小时后仍能使用。
exclusive [ɪkˈskluːsɪv] adj.
独有的;专用的;排他的;不包括…的;高档的,豪华的 n. 独家新闻
【参】exclusively(adv. 专有地,专门地) 【例】He is part
of an exclusive social circle. 他所属的社交圈子很排外。
despite [dɪˈspaɪt] prep. 不管,尽管 【例】 Los Angeles
suffers from chronic highway blockages, despite efforts to encourage
people to use public transport.
尽管当局积极鼓励人们使用公共交通工具,洛杉矶仍然长期存在公路拥堵现象。
dissolve [dɪˈzɒlv]
release [rɪˈliːs] vt. 释放,解放;发表,发行
n. 释放;发表,发布;排放,泄露 【例】The thief was released on bail.
窃贼交了保释金后获释。
deploy [dɪˈplɔɪ] vt. 部署;使用,运用 【例】Resources must
be fully deployed to bring about vigorous development in agriculture.
必须充分利用资源,以大力发展农业。
original [əˈrɪdʒənl] adj.
最初的,原始的;新颖的,有独创性的 n. 原物,原作 【例】Their original
house was converted into a residential college.
他们最初的房子被改建成了一所寄宿学校。// How important do you think it
is for a film-maker to remain true to the original story?
你认为电影制片人忠于原著有多重要?
chancellor [ˈtʃɑːnsələ(r)]
herbivore [ˈhɜːbɪvɔː(r)]
occasionally [əˈkeɪʒnəli] adv. 有时候,偶尔
【参】occasional(adj. 偶尔的,间或发生的)
occasion(n.(某事发生的)时刻,时候;时机,适当的机会;理由,原因
v.引起,惹起) 【例】In social circumstances, dress has often been used
as a role sign to indicate the nature and occasionally the social status
of people.
在社交场合下,服饰常常被用作一种角色标记,用来展现个性,偶尔也用来显示人的社会地位。
static [ˈstætɪk]
scale [skeɪl]
constantly [ˈkɒnstəntli] adv. 经常;不断地 【例】Atlas’s
teaching methodology is constantly revised as more is discovered about
the process of learning a new language.
随着新语言学习过程中有了更多的发现,阿特拉斯的教学法不断得以改进。
ailment [ˈeɪlmənt]
adhere [ədˈhɪə(r)]
extracurricular [ˌekstrəkəˈrɪkjələ(r)] adj. 课外的
【参】curriculum [kəˈrɪkjələm](n.课程)curricular [kəˈrɪkjələr](adj.课程的,课程设置的)
【例】What role do you think extracurricular activities play in
education? 你认为课外活动在教育中起着怎样的作用?
propel [prəˈpel] vt. 推进,推动;驱使 【参】
stimulate (vt. 刺激,激励);impel (vt.
驱使;推进) 【例】This does not mean that it was immediately used to
propel rockets. 这并不意味着它立即就被用来推进火箭。
posture [ˈpɒstʃə(r)]
gesture(n.姿势;手势)
【例】Back pains can be the result of a bad posture.
背部疼痛可能是不良姿势造成的。
overseas [ˌəʊvəˈsiːz] adj. 外国的,海外的 adv.
在海外,向海外 【例】Overseas students may enrol for a course at the
college from their home country.
留学生可以在本国报名学习大学的课程。
industrialise [ɪnˈdʌstriəlaɪz]
industrialisation
(n. 工业化,产业化) 【例】These projects are part of a larger plan to
industrialise northeastern Iceland.
这些项目只是冰岛东北部工业化更大计划中的一部分。
empire [ˈempaɪə(r)]
mechanic [məˈkænɪk]
mechanics 力学,机械学 【例】The article gave
the readers a summary of the life of a mechanic.
这篇文章向读者简略介绍了一个机修工的生活。
fracture [ˈfræktʃə(r)]
crack(v. (使)破裂;(使)发出爆裂声
n. 裂缝;爆裂声) split(v. (使)分裂,分离 n. 裂口)
plummet [ˈplʌmɪt]
glacial [ˈɡleɪʃl] adj.
冰期的;冰川的;寒冷的,冰冷的;冷若冰霜的 【例】These giant stones are
part of an ancient glacial deposit.
这些巨石是古冰川沉积物的一部分。
dock [dɒk]
chase [tʃeɪs]
teem [tiːm]
confront [kənˈfrʌnt] vt. 遭遇;面对,正视 【例】Growth and
environmentalism can actually go hand in hand, if politicians have the
courage to confront the vested interest that subsidies create.
如果政客们有勇气面对财政补助所产生的既得利益,那么经济增长和环境保护实际上可以共同发展。
whereas [ˌweərˈæz] conj. 然而,但是 【例】 Some of the
studies show positive results, whereas others do not.
一些研究结果令人满意,其他则不然。
additional [əˈdɪʃənl] adj. 附加的;追加的 【例】In recent
years a number of additional countries have subscribed to the Ottawa
Charter. 近几年,又有许多国家同意加入《渥太华宪章》。
overlapping [ˌəʊvəˈlæpɪŋ] adj. 重叠的;共通的 【例】The two
girls of overlapping interests went shopping together.
两个兴趣相同的女孩一起去购物了。
poultry [ˈpəʊltri]
pregnancy [ˈpregnənsi]
pregnant (adj. 怀孕的) 【例】They
are especially vulnerable because of pregnancy but also because of
osteoporosis, which I personally believe to be the major cause of the
problem for women.
她们的身体特别容易变得脆弱,一方面是因为怀孕,一方面是因为骨质疏松,我个人认为后者是导致这一问题的主要原因。
confirmation [ˌkɒnfəˈmeɪʃn]
unquote [ˌʌnˈkwəʊt]
embezzlement [ɪmˈbezlmənt]
acrobatic [ˌækrəˈbætɪk] adj. 杂技的;杂技般的;杂技演员的
【参】acrobat [ˈækrəbæt](n. 特技演员;杂技演员)
【例】Jane used to be an acrobatic dancer but three years’s ago, she
started to learn fencing.
简曾经是一名杂技舞蹈演员,但是三年前她开始学习击剑。
numerous [ˈnjuːmərəs] adj. 众多的 【例】Numerous overseas
visitors have come to see how the program works.
众多海外游客到这里来观看这个项目是如何运作的。
postgraduate [ˌpəʊstˈɡrædʒuət]
well-being [ˈwel biːɪŋ]
prime [praɪm] adj. 首要的,主要的;最好的 【例】He’s a
prime candidate to captain the team this season.
他是本赛季队长的最佳人选。
fallow [ˈfæləʊ] adj. (土地)休耕的;休闲的 【例】Overuse
of fertilisers may cause farmers to stop rotating crops or leave their
land fallow.
过度使用肥料可能会导致农民停止农作物的轮作或让土地休耕。
troupe [truːp]
premise [ˈpremɪs]
hypothesis (n. 假设) 【例】His agreement of this
investment is based on the premise that all people equally share the
risk. 基于所有人平均分担风险的前提,他同意了该项投资。
discerning [dɪˈsɜːnɪŋ] adj. 有识别力的,眼光敏锐的
【例】Only the discerning customers can recognize this jade decoration
as a high quality product.
只有眼光敏锐的顾客才能识别出这件玉饰是高品质产品。
niggle [ˈnɪɡl]
prospectus [prəˈspektəs]
liaise [liˈeɪz]
excavation [ˌekskəˈveɪʃn]
excavate [ˈekskəveɪt](v.
挖掘,开凿;(科学家或考古学家)发掘,挖出(古物等)) 【例】The new
excavations are open to the public this weekend in Shanxi Museum.
新出土的文物将于本周末在山西博物馆对公众开放展览。
continental [ˌkɒntɪˈnentl] adj. 欧洲大陆的;大陆性的
n. 欧洲大陆人 【例】The company grew rapidly and has been providing
holidays in continental Europe for the last fifteen years.
公司发展迅速,在过去15年里一直为员工提供去欧洲大陆度假的机会。
modernism [ˈmɒdənɪzəm]
modern(adj.现代的,近代的;时尚的)
【例】Many architects contributed to the development of modernism in the
first half of last century.
上世纪上半叶,许多建筑师都为现代主义的发展做出了贡献。
artery [ˈɑːtəri]
premium [ˈpriːmiəm] adj. 高级的,优质的;售价高的
n. (投保人向保险公司支付的)保险费;额外费用,加付款;奖品,赠品;额外津贴
【例】The coffee we’re drinking is premium.
我们喝的是特级咖啡。
glamor [ˈglæmə(r)]
gullibly [ˈgʌləbli] adv. 轻信地,易受欺骗地
【参】gullible (adj. 易受骗的) 【例】The tourist finds
pleasure in landscapes and gullibly enjoys pseudo-events.
游客从欣赏风景中得到快乐,并且可以轻易享受模拟活动所带来的乐趣。
sift [sɪft]
succession [səkˈseʃn]
spark [spɑːk]
chill [tʃɪl]
multinational [ˌmʌltiˈnæʃnəl] adj.
多国的,多民族的;跨国的,涉及多国的 n. 跨国公司 【例】When you think of
any organization, a family business or a multinational company, they are
all fundamentally a group of people working together.
当你想到任何组织、家族企业或跨国公司时,从根本上来说他们都是一群在一起工作的人。
exposure [ɪkˈspəʊʒə(r)]
expose(vt. 使暴露,揭露)
【例】On the positive side, exposure to such diversity helps encourage
creativity which is generally an asset to a company.
从积极的一面来看,处于这样的多样性下有助于激发创造性,这对公司来说通常都是一笔财富。
constitute [ˈkɒnstɪtjuːt]
deceive [dɪˈsiːv]
deception [dɪˈsepʃn](n. 欺骗;诡计)deceptive
(adj. 迷惑的;虚伪的) 【例】Mary deceived the interviewer about her
past experience. 玛丽在自己的过去经历上对面试官撒了谎。
haul [hɔːl] vt. 用力拖;搬运 【例】Every spring a beekeeper
may move up to flowering fields and haul the hives back to where he
starts out in winter.
每年春天,养蜂人都会迁往花地,冬天再将蜂箱搬运回来。
emission [ɪˈmɪʃn]
procession [prəˈseʃn]
process [ˈprəʊses](vt.加工,处理
n.程序;方法;过程)processer(n.处理器) 【例】The
soldiers lined the route of the procession.
士兵们沿行进的道路排成一列。
bistro [ˈbiːstrəʊ]
workforce [ˈwɜːkfɔːs]
surpass [səˈpɑːs]
exceed (vt.
超越,胜过);surmount (vt. 超越,战胜) 【例】His success
has surpassed all expectations. 他所取得的成功远远超过了预期。
sociology [ˌsəʊsiˈɒlədʒi]
frock [frɒk]
epidemic [ˌepɪˈdemɪk] adj. 流行性的 n. 流行病 【参】
contagious (adj.
传染性的,会感染的);prevalent (adj.流行的) 【例】The
government declared that no major epidemic diseases prevailed in this
area. 政府宣布该地区没有流行重大的传染性疾病。
grab [græb]
appliance [əˈplaɪəns]
facility [fəˈsɪləti]
consolation [ˌkɒnsəˈleɪʃn]
comfort(v.安慰,(使痛苦)缓和
n.安慰,慰问) 【例】The results of this research may be a great
consolation to left handers.
这项研究的结果对惯用左手者来说可能是个极大的安慰。
unravel [ʌnˈrævl]
ravel(v.(使)缠绕,纠结;使复杂化;散开,磨损,脱线;(与
out 连用)解开,理清,解决
n.纠结,纠缠;一团乱麻,复杂难解的局面;串,簇,抽丝,脱线) 【例】New
research is now unravelling the ways in which bacteria aid digestion,
regulate our immune systems, eliminate toxins, produce vitamins, affect
our behaviour and even combat obesity.
如今新的研究解释了细菌是如何帮助消化、调节我们的免疫系统、排除毒素、产生维生素、影响我们的行为,甚至对抗肥胖的。
texture [ˈtekstʃə(r)]
dissatisfied [dɪsˈsætɪsfaɪd] adj. 不满意的,不满足的
【参】satisfy(v.满足,使满意)
satisfying(adj.令人满意的)satisfied(adj.感到满意的)
【例】They were dissatisfied with the treatment of animals at the London
Zoo. 他们对伦敦动物园对待动物的方式表示不满。
simultaneous [ˌsɪmlˈteɪniəs] adj.
同时的,同时发生的,同时存在的;同步的
【参】simultaneously [ˌsɪmlˈteɪniəsli](adv.
同时地)coinstantaneous (adj. 同时发生的,同时的)
【例】Any ceasefire would be simultaneous with the withdrawal of troops.
任何一次的停火都是与撤军同时发生的。
sundial [ˈsʌndaɪəl]
toxic [ˈtɒksɪk] adj. 有毒的;引起中毒的
【参】toxicity (n. 毒性)toxin
(n. 毒素,毒质) poisonous (adj.
有毒的);noxious (adj. 有害的,有毒的) 【例】Toxic
chemicals were spilled from the factory into the river.
有毒的化学物从工厂排放到河里。
utilise [ˈjuːtəlaɪz] vt. 利用,运用
【参】utilisation
(n. 利用)utility [juːˈtɪləti](n.(煤气、水、电等的)公共服务,公用事业;(供电、供水等的)公用事业单位;应用程序,实用程序;实用,有用;(澳)小卡车,轻型货车;adj.有用的,多功能的;(体育运动)多面手的;实用的)
【例】 I guess the two main things to remember are to identify
individual talent and then to utilise it.
我想需要记住的两个主要内容是确认个人天赋,然后再加以利用。The engineer
has a knowledge of natural science acquired by study and practice which
is applied to develop ways to utilise the materials and forces of nature
for the benefit of mankind.
工程师从学习和实践中得来的自然科学知识可以用来研究利用自然界的材料和力量的途径,从而造福人类。
conformity [kənˈfɔːməti]
conform(vi.
遵守,服从;适应,顺应;相一致,相符合) 【例】One of the most important
tasks of managers is to consider the needs of the individual on one hand
and group cooperation and conformity on the other.
管理者最重要的任务之一是在考虑个人需求的同时还要兼顾团队的合作和一致性。
overrate [ˌəʊvəˈreɪt] vt. 对…评价过高,高估 【例】Do you
think that team player is overrated? 你认为那个队员被高估了吗?
dormant [ˈdɔːmənt] adj. 休眠的;静止的;隐匿的
【参】dormancy(n. 休眠;催眠状态;冬眠;隐匿) 【例】Mount
St. Helens lay dormant for more than a century.
圣海伦斯火山休眠了一个多世纪。
displace [dɪsˈpleɪs] vt.
取代;迫使(人们)离开家园;撤职,使失业 【例】Each year rain and
flooding displace millions of people and result in thousands of deaths.
每年,暴雨和洪水不仅使数百万人背井离乡,还会导致数千人丧生。
embrace [ɪmˈbreɪs] v./n. 拥抱;包括;欣然接受
【参】hug(v.(hugged, hugged, hugging)紧抱,拥抱 n.拥抱)
【例】 The students tearfully embraced each other on their last day of
school. 在校的最后一天,学生们流着泪相互拥抱。
engrave [ɪnˈɡreɪv] vt. (在…上)雕刻;使铭记 【例】Many
researchers now think that these were pictures the wise men engraved of
themselves.
现在许多研究者认为这些图像是一些聪明人按自己的样子刻上去的。
grave [ɡreɪv]
n.坟墓,墓穴;死亡,终结;adj.严峻的,严重的;
disrespectful [ˌdɪsrɪˈspektfl] adj. 失礼的,无礼的
【参】respectful(adj.恭敬的,尊敬的) 【例】Camping there
on one’s own may be disrespectful to the people of that culture, and
certainly don’t make fires, however romantic it may seem.
在那里单独露营可能会冒犯当地人,而且不管看起来多浪漫,一定不能生火。
invade [ɪnˈveɪd]
invasion [ɪnˈveɪʒn](n. 入侵,侵略,vast
巨大的,in-vast 变小,被入侵领地变小)invader(n. 侵略者)
【例】Portugal was invaded by the French in 1807.
法国人在1807年入侵葡萄牙。
arcade [ɑːˈkeɪd]
commentary [ˈkɒməntri]
commentator (n. 评论员;讲解员)comment
(v. 评论) 【例】This bus company runs all its routes with a vivid
commentary in English.
这家公交公司给其各条运营线路都配有生动的英文解说。
recreate [ˌriːkriˈeɪt] vt. 再现,再创造
【参】recreation(n.消遣,娱乐)recreational(adj.消遣的;娱乐的)
【例】Since very few people will ever experience the Antarctic first
hand, the visitor’s centre aims to recreate the atmosphere of Antarctic.
由于很少有人能够亲自登上南极体验一把,因此游客中心旨在再现南极所特有的氛围。
mock [mɒk] adj. 假的;模拟的 n. 嘲弄;模仿,仿制品 v.
嘲笑,嘲弄 【例】There’s a mock camp site where you can see inside an
Antarctic tent and imagine yourself sleeping there.
这里有一个模拟的露营地,你可以看到里面有一个南极帐篷,想象一下自己睡在里面的情景。
territory [ˈterətri]
territorial (adj.
领土的) 【例】We must realize that Antarctic territory belongs to
everyone. 我们必须意识到南极的领土属于大家。
shipment [ˈʃɪpmənt]
cargo
(n. 货物);freight (n. 货物;重载) 【例】Finally the
honey is poured into barrels for shipment. 最终蜂蜜被倒进桶里运走。
calendar [ˈkælɪndə(r)]
shatter [ˈʃætə(r)]
shattered (adj.
粉碎的,破坏的)intact [ɪnˈtækt](adj.
完整无缺的;完好无损的) 【例】This event shattered all his previous
ideas. 这件事粉碎了他以前所有的想法。// The vase shattered as it hit the
floor. 花瓶掉在地上,碎了。
truce [truːs]
eruption [ɪˈrʌpʃn]
erupt (v.
爆发;喷出) 【例】Geologists forecasted that an eruption of the volcano
would take place before the end of the century.
地质学者预测,在本世纪结束之前该火山可能会喷发一次。
assignment [əˈsaɪnmənt]
assign [əˈsaɪn] vt. 指派,分配;指定 【例】 In that
country, more land is assigned to car use than to housing.
那个国家的土地更多地被指定为停车之用,而不是建造住宅。
stainless [ˌsteɪnləs] adj. 不锈的;无污点的,无瑕疵的
【参】stain(n.污点,瑕疵) 【例】It’s made of stainless
steel which is guaranteed for 50 years.
它由不锈钢制成,确保可以使用50年。
hallowed [ˈhæləʊd] adj. 受崇敬的;神圣(化)的 【例】In
ancient Greece, sports games were held on hallowed ground near Mount
Olympus every four years.
古希腊人每四年就要在奥林匹斯山附近的圣地举行运动会。
relevance [ˈreləvəns]
relevant(adj.有关的)
【例】I’m left-handed myself and I actually didn’t see any relevance to
my own life when I happened to start reading an article by a sports
psychologist called Peter Matthews.
我自己就是左撇子,当我碰巧开始读运动心理学家彼得·马修斯所写的一篇文章时,我实际上并未意识到这与自己的生活有何联系。
reluctant [rɪˈlʌktənt] adj.
不情愿的,勉强的;难得到的,难处理的
【参】reluctance(n.不情愿,勉强;(物理)磁阻)
【例】Although most trainers know how important handedness is, at
present they are rather reluctant to make use of the insights scientists
like Matthews can give.
尽管多数训练者知道用手习惯的重要性,但是目前他们仍然不愿采纳像马修斯这样的科学家的见解。
regularity [ˌregjuˈlærəti]
irregularity(n. 不规则,无规律)regular
(adj. 有规律的) 【例】Climate change is disrupting the regularity of
the seasons. 气候的变化打破季节的规律性。
laterality [ˌlætəˈrælɪti]
lateral [ˈlætərəl](adj.
侧面的,旁边的)lateralize(vt. 把…移到一侧) 【例】His
team measured the hand, feet and eyes of 2,611 players and found that
there were really three main types of laterality.
他的团队对2,611名演奏者的手脚和眼睛进行了测量,发现真的有三种主要的侧重类型。
predominant [prɪˈdɒmɪnənt] adj.
卓越的,突出的;支配的,主要的,盛行的
【参】predominantly [prɪˈdɒmɪnəntli](adv.
主要地;重要地;显著地) 【例】Singers have a predominant role in this
performance. 歌手在这场表演中担任主要角色。
trek [trek] vi./n. 牛拉车;艰苦跋涉;徒步旅行 【例】We are
organizing a ten-day holiday, from the sixteenth of November, with eight
days actual walking, trekking in the Semira Mountains.
我们计划组织一个为期十天的假期旅行,从11月16日开始,其中包括在赛米拉山进行八天的实地步行和跋涉。
daunt [dɑːnt] vt. 使气馁,使胆怯
【参】daunting (adj. 令人发怵的;使人气馁的) 【例】Now,
the Semira Mountains are among the highest in the world but you mustn’t
be too daunted, we will mainly be trekking in the foothills only,
although there will be spectacular views even in the foothills.
如今,赛米拉山位于世界最高山脉之列,但你们不必太胆怯,我们基本上只在山麓徒步行走,但也能领略壮观的景色。
itinerary [aɪˈtɪnərəri]
acclimatise [əˈklaɪməˌtaɪz]
climate(n.气候;风气;环境气氛) 【例】After a
couple of days to acclimatise yourself, you’ll start the trek on day
three walking through the enormous Katiba Forest which will take the
whole of the day.
前两天让自己适应环境,第三天要开始徒步穿越巨大的卡蒂巴森林,这需要一整天的时间。
forthcoming [ˌfɔːθˈkʌmɪŋ] adj. 即将到来的 【例】This is the
list of forthcoming books. 这是即将出版的书籍目录。
structure [ˈstrʌktʃə(r)]
integral [ˈɪntɪgrəl] adj.
不可或缺的,构成整体所必需的;完整的,完备的 【参】
integrated development environment(集成开发环境)essential
(adj. 非常重要的);basic (adj.
基本的,根本的);fundamental (adj. 根本的,基础的)
【例】This kind of beetle has become an integral part of the successful
management of dairy farms in Australia over the past few decades.
在过去的几十年里,这种甲虫已成为澳大利亚乳牛场成功管理所必不可少的一部分。
intensive [ɪnˈtensɪv] adj. 加强的;密集的
【参】intense (adj. 强烈的) 【例】Intensive English
classes are taught in four-week blocks throughout the year.
强化英语班全年授课,四周为一期。
liquor [ˈlɪkə(r)]
presence [ˈprezns]
present(adj.当前的;出席的
n.礼物,赠品 vt.赠送;介绍)presentation(n.陈述;介绍)
【例】Elliot discovered the presence of five rings encircling the
equator of Uranus. 埃利奥特发现有五个光环围绕着天王星赤道。
blast [blæst]
greatly [ˈgreɪtli] adv. 非常;很;极大地
sporadically [spəˈrædɪkli] adv. 偶发地;零星地
【例】Rockets had been used sporadically for several hundred years.
在过去的几百年间,火箭被人们偶尔使用。
imitate [ˈɪmɪteɪt] vt. 模仿,模拟;仿效
【参】imitation(n.模仿,仿效;滑稽模仿;仿制品,赝品;乐句重复
adj.人造的,仿制的,伪造的) 【例】Children like to imitate adults.
儿童喜欢模仿大人。
maintenance [ˈmeɪntənəns]
maintain(v.保持,维持;维修,保养;断言,主张;赡养,抚养;)
【例】The school pays for heating and the maintenance of the buildings.
学校负担这些大楼的取暖和维修费用。
spouse [spaʊs]
mate (n. 配偶) 【例】How your child adapts
to your divorce is largely dependent on how you and your spouse act.
你的孩子如何适应你的离婚主要取决于你和你配偶的行为举止。
expedition [ˌekspəˈdɪʃn]
expedite(v.加速,促进(行为,过程)) 【例】I talked
to Charles Owen, the leader of the expedition group, about the trip.
我和探险队队长查尔斯·欧文谈了关于出行的事。
incendiary [ɪnˈsendiəri] adj.
放火的,能引起燃烧的;煽动性的 【例】In the early nineteenth century the
British began to experiment with incendiary barrage rockets.
19世纪初,英国就开始试验燃烧式扫射火箭。
expansion [ɪkˈspænʃn]
expand (v. 扩大,扩张) 【例】Even
without further expansion the school could recruit around 2,000 students
every year. 即使没有进一步的扩建,学校每年仍可招收2,000名学生。
encase [ɪnˈkeɪs] vt. 装入,包住
【参】case(n.情况;病例;案件;容器) 【例】The resin
oozed out of the tree and the spider or leaf became encased in it.
树脂从树里渗出来,把蜘蛛或树叶包在了里面。
invalid [ɪnˈvælɪd] adj.
(指法律上)无效的,作废的;无可靠根据的,站不住脚的;有病的,伤残的[ˈɪnvəlɪd]
n. (需要有人照顾的)病弱者,残疾者
【参】valid(adj.有效的)impotent (adj.
无效的,不起作用的);unfounded (adj. 无事实根据的)
【例】The judge declared Tom’s marriage invalid.
法官宣布汤姆的婚姻无效。
bias [ˈbaɪəs] n.偏见,成见;偏好,天赋;偏差
v.使有偏见,使偏心 adj.偏斜的 adv.偏斜地
unbiased [ʌnˈbaɪəst] adj. 公正的,没有偏见的 【例】 I
wanted to get her unbiased comments on my article.
我想要的是她对我的文章给出不偏不倚的评论。
skim [skɪm]
preface [ˈprefəs]
retain [rɪˈteɪn] vt. 保留;保持 【例】The young lady
retained her tennis title for the third year.
那个年轻女孩第三年仍保住了网球冠军的头衔。
culminate [ˈkʌlmɪneɪt]
end (v.
结束,终结);terminate (v.
停止,结束);top(vt. 达到顶端;结束) 【例】My arguments
with my mum got worse and worse, and it all culminated in my deciding to
give up school. 我和妈妈的争吵越来越严重,最后以我决定辍学而告终。
robotic [rəʊˈbɒtɪk] adj. 机器人的;像机器人的,呆板而机械的
【例】Thanks to all of you for coming along today to hear about how the
robotic float project is helping with ocean research.
感谢大家今天来听关于机器人浮筒工程是如何促进海洋研究的讲座。
profile [ˈprəʊfaɪl]
salinity [səˈlɪnəti]
salt(n. 盐)salty(adj.
咸的;含盐的) 【例】As the float rises to the surface it collects all
sorts of data, most importantly variations in salinity.
当浮筒上升到表面,就会收集各种数据,最重要的是盐度的变化。
aggravation [ˌægrəˈveɪʃn]
aggravate(vt.
恶化,加重,加剧) 【例】 Carrying heavy boxes can cause aggravation of
prior back injuries. 背部受伤时搬重物,会加重病情。
spice [spaɪs]
spicy [ˈspaɪsi]
adj.加有香料的,辛辣的;刺激的,粗俗的
bore [bɔː(r)]
bored(adj.无聊的,厌烦的)boring(adj.无聊的,乏味的;令人厌烦的)
【例】There is such a wide variety of cultures in this program that it
is difficult to get bored.
这次的节目中有很多关于不同文化的知识,因此不太容易使人感到厌倦。
lull [lʌl]
underlying [ˌʌndəˈlaɪɪŋ] adj.
表面下的,下层的,在下面的;根本的;潜在的,隐含的 【例】Our
understanding of the underlying causes of EI Nino events is being
confirmed by float data.
浮筒采集到的数据证实了我们对厄尔尼诺现象的潜在原因的了解。
dispiriting [dɪˈspɪrɪtɪŋ] adj. 令人沮丧的,使人气馁的
【例】Sometimes even the most expensive hotel can seem empty and
dispiriting. 有时甚至最昂贵的酒店也会让人感觉空虚和沮丧。
opulent [ˈɒpjələnt] adj.
豪华的,华丽的,富裕的;丰富的,丰饶的 【例】The research suggests that
even the most opulent, luxurious hotels seem to have underestimated the
most basic needs of their customers.
调查显示,即使是最华丽、最奢侈的酒店似乎也低估了顾客最根本的需求。
plush [plʌʃ] adj. 豪华的,舒适的 n. 长毛绒 【例】They
investigated the so-called boutique hotels in the heart of downtown
business districts, stately mansions located in the depths of beautiful
countryside, and plush hotels built at the edge of tropical beaches
surrounded by palm trees and idyllic blue ocean.
他们调查了位于城市中心商业区的所谓的精品酒店、坐落在美丽乡村深处的庄严的官邸,以及建在被棕榈树和田园般蓝色海洋环绕的热带沙滩边缘的豪华酒店。
dispense [dɪˈspens] vt. 分发,分配;提供 【例】Those in the
business travel industry maintain that these serviced apartments
dispense with all the unwanted and expensive hotel services that
business travellers don’t want.
那些商务旅行行业的人士认为这些服务式公寓省去了商务旅行者不需要的昂贵的酒店服务。
mingle [ˈmɪŋɡl]
charter [ˈtʃɑːtə(r)]
formidable [fəˈmɪdəbl] adj. 可怕的;难以应付的,难以克服的
【参】dreadful (adj.
可怕的,令人畏惧的);awesome (adj.
使人敬畏的,使人惊惧的);insurmountable (adj.
不能克服的,不能超越的)manageable (adj. 能处理的)
【例】The new coastline is being bolstered with a formidable twelve
kilometres of sea defences.
新的海岸线被一条12公里长的坚固海防线保护起来。
crockery [ˈkrɒkəri]
diversify [daɪˈvɜːsɪfaɪ]
diversification(n. 变化,多样化)diverse(adj.不同的,多种多样的)
【例】Farms have diversified in recent years.
近年来,农业种植开始多样化。
threshold [ˈθreʃhəʊld]
doorway
(n. 门口);outset (n. 开端,开始) 【例】The normal
noise threshold for people is 80 decibels.
80分贝是人类所能忍受的最高的正常噪音。
deter [dɪˈtɜː(r)]
promising [ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ] adj. 有希望的;有前途的
【参】promise(v.答应,允诺;预示
n.答应,允诺;希望,前景)hopeful(adj.
(怀)有希望的);bright (adj.
前景光明的,充满希望的)hopeless(adj. 没有希望的)
【例】Other members of the tribe scoured the country for promising fish
holes. 这个部落的其他成员在全国范围内寻找有望捕到鱼的地方。
crush [krʌʃ] vt. 碾碎;压碎,压坏;压服,压垮;镇压,制服
n.(对某人短暂的)热恋,迷恋;迷恋对象 【例】Be careful not to crush my
glasses in the bag. 小心别把我包里的眼镜给压碎了。
maximise [ˈmæksɪmaɪz] vt.
使增加到最大限度,最佳化;充分利用 【例】Some airlines have cancelled
less popular routes in an effort to maximise profits.
为实现利润最大化,一些航空公司取消了不太火爆的路线。
sleek [sliːk] adj.
(毛发等)光滑而有光泽的;造型优美的;时髦的;豪华的 vt.
使(毛发等)光滑发亮 【例】Not only sleeping and living accommodation,
but also a sleek modern kitchen allows guests to cook and entertain if
they wish at no additional cost.
如果客人愿意,不仅可以免费住宿,还可以免费在豪华厨房中做饭和招待客人。
entrust [ɪnˈtrʌst] vt. 委托,交付,托付 【例】As a
hotelier, how do you go about attracting people to give up the security
of their own home and entrust them- selves to staying in a completely
strange place and sleeping in an unfamiliar bed?
作为旅馆经营者,你是如何吸引人们使他们放弃自己家里的安全感,却把自己托付给你,让自己待在一个完全陌生的地方并睡在一张不熟悉的床上呢?
palm [pɑːm]
n.手掌,手心;(手套的)掌部;(制帆工用的)护掌;棕榈树;(作为奖赏或胜利象征的)棕榈叶;鹿角的扁平部分
v.把……藏在手中(尤指玩戏法);(篮球)持球犯规;用手挡(球)
【参】palms [pɑːmz](n.手掌,手心;棕榈树,棕榈植物(palm
的复数) v.把……藏于手中;用手掌触碰、拿或握(palm
的第三人称单数))coconut palm(椰子树)
coconut [ˈkoʊkənʌt] n.椰子(果实);椰子肉
pamper [ˈpæmpə(r)] vt. 纵容,娇惯;精心护理 【例】There is
something very powerful in our need to be pampered and looked after;
it’s almost as if we return to being a baby, when everything was done
for us and we felt safe and secure.
我们需要被纵容和被照顾的情绪很强烈,当所有事情都为我们做好,我们感到安全无忧的时候,几乎就像回到了婴儿状态。
veterinarian [ˌvetərɪˈneəriən]
demolition [ˌdeməˈlɪʃn]
demolish [dɪˈmɒlɪʃ](vt.
破坏;拆除;驳倒(论点等),推翻) 【例】Creating the park required the
demolition of lots of derelict buildings on the site.
建造公园需要摧毁旧址上大量的废弃建筑物。
derelict [ˈderəlɪkt] adj. 被抛弃的;废弃的;衰退的,破败的
n. 遗弃物;无家可归者,社会弃儿 【例】The building has been derelict for
many years. 该建筑物已经废弃多年。
synchronise [ˈsɪŋkrənaɪz]
ornamental [ˌɔːnəˈmentl] adj. 装饰性的,装饰的
【参】ornament(n. 装饰;装饰物 vt. 装饰,修饰,美化)
【例】 If you look out here to the south, you can see a circular
ornamental pond.
如果你从这里往外向南看,可以看到一个环形的装饰性水池。
estuary [ˈestʃuəri]
leaflet [ˈliːflət]
cascade [kæˈskeɪd]
irritate [ˈɪrɪteɪt] vt. 使烦躁;使疼痛;刺激
【参】irritation(n. 激怒,恼怒;刺激物,恼人的事)irritant
(n. 刺激物 adj. 刺激性的);irritating (adj.
恼人的,令人痛苦的)
commence [kəˈmens]
begin (v. 开始);start
(v. 开始)end (v. 结束);finish (v.
结束,终止) 【例】Most courses commence at 9 a.m. and run until 3 p.m.
大部分课程上午9点开始,下午3点结束。
initiative [ɪˈnɪʃətɪv]
initiation
(n. 开始) 【例】The major initiative by this car-manufacturing company
was to adopt a totally multi-skilled workforce.
这家汽车制造厂采取的主要措施是雇用掌握多种技能的工人。
fruitful [ˈfruːtfl] adj. 多产的,富饶的;富有成效的
【参】fruit(n.水果;果实) 【例】The researchers’ hard
working has led to some fruitful discoveries.
研究人员经过努力工作,终于有了一些卓有成效的发现。
stationary [ˈsteɪʃənri] adj. 静止的,不动的,固定的;稳定的
【参】stationery [ˈsteɪʃənri](n. 文具)motionless
(adj. 不动的,静止的);fixed (adj.
固定的)mobile (adj. 移动的) 【例】 It seemed to me that
there were almost as many serious problems when cars were stationary as
when they were travelling at 90 miles an hour.
对我来讲,车停止不动和以每小时90英里的速度行驶出现的严重问题几乎一样多。
superficial [ˌsuːpəˈfɪʃl] adj. 表面的;肤浅的 【例】Those
who tend to show off in front of other people are so superficial indeed.
那些喜欢在别人面前炫耀的人实际上相当肤浅。
crawl [krɔːl]
rotate [rəʊˈteɪt]
peasant [ˈpez(ə)nt]
n.(旧时或贫穷国家的)农民,佃农;没教养的人,粗人
spoil [spɔɪl]
flask [flɑːsk]
rim [rɪm]
motivate [ˈməʊtɪveɪt] vt. 使有动机;激励,激发
【例】Pictures are used to help motivate children to read because they
are beautiful and eye-catching.
图片因其美丽和引人注目而被用来激发孩子们的阅读兴趣。
tremendous [trəˈmendəs] adj. 极大的,巨大的;非常的,惊人的
【参】enormous (adj.
巨大的,庞大的);marvelous (adj. 非凡的,惊奇的)
tiny (adj. 微小的) 【例】This looseness in molecular
structure gives the material tremendous “formability”.
分子结构如此松散使这种材料极具“可塑性”。
envisage [ɪnˈvɪzɪdʒ] vt. 展望,想象;面对
【参】envision (vt. 想象;展望)imagine (vt.
想象,设想);fancy (vt. 想象,设想) 【例】It’s just a
chance for you to say anything about the equipment and problems you
envisage.
这对你来说是个机会,你可以就设备和想到的问题谈一谈自己的看法。
binoculars [bɪˈnɒkjələz]
spoilage [ˈspɔɪlɪdʒ]
spoil(v.
损坏,破坏,糟蹋;宠坏,溺爱;(食物)变质 n. 战利品,掠夺物,赃物)
【例】Bitterness, he says, alerts us of toxins in the food, while
sourness warns us of spoilage and saltiness signals the presence of
minerals.
他说,苦味提醒我们食物中有毒素,酸味提醒我们食品已变质,而咸味代表存在矿物质。
misconception [ˌmɪskənˈsepʃn]
conception(n.概念,观念;想出,构想;受孕,怀孕;创始)
【例】Some people often have a misconception that keeping in good shape
needs to be on a diet or even not to eat anything; in fact this idea is
wrong.
有些人经常有种错误想法,认为好身材需要节食甚至靠不吃东西来保持,事实上这个想法是错的。
vegetation [ˌvedʒəˈteɪʃn]
plant
(n. 植物)vegetable(n. 蔬菜) 【例】There are more and
more vegetation disappearing every year and we couldn’t find them
forever. 每年都有越来越多的植物灭绝,我们永远也找不到它们了。
conceptual [kənˈseptʃuəl] adj. 观念的,概念的
【参】concept (n. 观念,概念) 【例】 There is only
conceptual framework of the play which needs the actor to develop
themselves.
这部戏到现在为止只有一个概念框架,需要演员自行发挥。
modification [ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃn]
modify [ˈmɑːdɪfaɪ](v.修改,改进;修饰,限定;缓和,使温和;使改形,使转化;变(音))
【例】Knowledge of the ill effects of tobacco can lead to a modification
in smoking behaviour. 了解吸烟对健康的损害能够改变人们吸烟的行为。
erroneous [ɪˈrəʊniəs] adj. 错误的,不正确的 【例】It seems
that the boy is under the erroneous impression that the pretty girl is
in love with him.
看起来这个男孩子是误以为那个漂亮女孩爱上他了。
robust [rəʊˈbʌst] adj. 健壮的,强壮的;坚定的
【参】robustness (n. 健壮);robustly (adv.
有活力地;强健地)sturdy (adj.
强健的);healthy (adj.
健壮的,健康的)delicate (adj. 脆弱的) 【例】Some of the
misconceptions are erroneous, more robust but also accessible to
modification.
一些错误的想法是不正确的,是比较顽固的,但是仍然可以进行修改。
immense [ɪˈmens] adj. 巨大的,广大的 【例】The scope of the
problem facing the world’s cities is immense.
全世界的城市面临很多方面的问题。
baron [ˈbærən]
intense [ɪnˈtens] adj.
强烈的,剧烈的;紧张的;热情的,热切的
【参】intensive(adj. 加强的;密集的) 【例】 Large
thunderclouds generate the intense electrical fields that cause
lightning flashes. 巨大的雷雨云产生极强的电磁场,从而形成闪电。
flicker [ˈflɪkə(r)] n./vi. 闪烁;一闪而过 【例】The light
flickers quite badly and it’s giving me headaches.
灯光闪得非常厉害,弄得我头疼。
cord [kɔːd]
cork [kɔːk](n. 软木塞 vt.
用软木塞塞住) 【例】This process could be speeded up by wrapping a cord
around the drill and pulling on each end.
这个过程可以通过拉缠绕在钻头两端的线来加快速度。
lower [ˈləʊə(r)] adj. 较低的;下面的 v. 降低;减少
【例】The lower end of the valley has become one huge camp site.
这条河谷下游的出口处已经变成了一个巨大的营地。
exhaustion [ɪgˈzɔːstʃən]
exhaust [ɪɡˈzɔːst](v.使精疲力尽;耗尽;详尽讨论;排放,排出(气体,蒸汽)废气;排气管,排气装置)exhausted [ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd](adj.筋疲力尽的;耗尽的,枯竭的
v.使精疲力尽;耗尽;) 【例】The runner collapsed from exhaustion.
那个奔跑的人因为极度疲劳而昏倒了。
coincide [ˌkəʊɪnˈsaɪd]
coincidence
(n. 同时发生的事情;一致)concur (vi.
一致);agree (v. 与…一致) 【例】My religious beliefs
don’t coincide with yours. 我的宗教信仰与你的不同。
geographical [ˌdʒiːəˈgræfɪkl] adj. 地理学的;地理的
【参】geography(n.地理学) 【例】The new geographical
report covers a wide range of geographical area.
新的地理学报告涵盖了大范围的地理区域。
indigenous [ɪnˈdɪdʒənəs] adj.
土产的,本地的,当地的,本土的
【参】exotic [ɪɡˈzɒtɪk](adj.
外来的;奇异的;醒目的,吸引人的) 【例】The emu is indigenous to
Australia. 鸸鹋是澳大利亚土生土长的鸟类。
sympathetic [ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk] adj.
同情的,体谅的;赞同的,支持的;和谐的
【参】sympathy [ˈsɪmpəθi](n. 同情;赞同,支持) 【例】Lena
just needed someone who would lend a sympathetic ear to her.
丽娜只需要有人能听她诉诉苦。
personalize [ˈpɜːsənəlaɪz] vt.
使成为私人的;在…上标出主人姓名(或记号);个人化 【例】All the towels
and cups were personalized with the initial names of the owners.
所有的毛巾和杯子上都标注了物主姓名的首字母。// Netizens hoped Google
search could soon evolve to the point where it is able to answer direct
questions and personalize results.
网民希望谷歌搜索能很快发展到新水平,那时它能直接回答问题并将搜索结果个性化。
incompatible [ˌɪnkəmˈpætəbl] adj.
不兼容的,不能和谐共存的,不协调的,合不来的 【参】Any new operating
system that is incompatible with existing ones has little chance of
being used.
任何与现有的操作系统不兼容的新操作系统都几乎得不到使用。
predominate [prɪˈdɒmɪneɪt]
complexity [kəmˈpleksəti]
complex [ˈkɒmpleks](n. 综合体,集合体;建筑群;情结
adj. 合成的,综合的;复杂的,难懂的) 【例】 Students in our class are
all astonished by the great complexity of this event.
我们班里的所有同学都对这次事件的复杂性感到震惊。
terrestrial [təˈrestriəl] adj.
陆地的,陆生的,陆栖的;地球的 【例】terrestrial life 地球生物
commission [kəˈmɪʃn]
mission(n. 使命,重要任务,职责 vi.派遣,传教)
【例】He now has a new commission to design a glass sculpture for the
headquarters of a pizza company.
他现在有新的委托事务,为一家比萨公司的总部大楼设计一件玻璃雕塑。
beware [bɪˈweə(r)]
compensation [ˌkɒmpenˈseɪʃn]
compensate [ˈkɒmpenseɪt](v.补偿,赔偿) 【例】The
company was paid a sum of money by an insurance agent as compensation
for its loss in a fire.
那家公司从保险公司那里得到一笔火灾损失赔偿金。
issue [ˈɪʃuː]
finite [ˈfaɪnaɪt] adj. 有限的;限定的
【参】infinite(adj.无限的,无穷尽的;(数量或程度上)极大的,无穷大的;非限定的
n.(空间或数量的)无穷大(the infinite);上帝(the infinite))
【例】The finite fossil fuel reserves will hinder the development of a
country. 有限的矿物燃料储备将阻碍一个国家的发展。
curly [ˈkɜːli] adj. 卷曲的,波浪式的 【例】The package was
decorated with curly ribbon. 包裹用卷丝带装饰了起来。
redress [rɪˈdres] vt. 修正;纠正;矫正 【例】The government
is taking measures to redress these abuses of power.
政府正采取措施纠正这些滥用职权行为。
hasty [ˈheɪsti] adj. 草率的,匆忙的
【参】impetuous (adj.
草率的,匆忙的)deliberate(adj.
故意的;深思熟虑的;从容不迫的 v. 深思熟虑) 【例】 It is unwise to make
a hasty conclusion. 草率地得出结论是不明智的。
stuff [stʌf]
staff [stɑːf](n. 全体职员;(军队的)全体参谋人员;棍棒
vt. 为…配备人员;任职于) 【例】 The premium coffee like the stuff we’re
drinking now is from a type of bean called Arabica.
特级咖啡,就像我们现在喝的,是由一种叫阿拉比卡的咖啡豆制成的。// I am
stuffed. 我吃饱了。
landward [ˈlændwəd] adj. 向陆的,近陆的 adv. 向陆地,近陆地
【例】 It is landward access, which is productive of goods for export
and which demands imports, that is critical.
近陆的入口非常重要,它既能够生产出口货物,对进口也有需求。
vigorous [ˈvɪgərəs] adj. 朝气蓬勃的;有力的 【例】 The
small group of the survivors was to become a vigorous, self-sustaining
island population.
那一小队幸存者成了精力充沛、自力更生的岛上居民。
subordinate [səˈbɔːdɪnət] [səˈbɔːdɪneɪt]
inferior (adj.
下等的,下级的);secondary (adj.
次要的,二级的)superior (adj. 更好的;上级的) 【例】He
was always friendly to his subordinates. 他一向对下属和蔼可亲。
farewell [ˌfeəˈwel]
adjacent [əˈdʒeɪsnt] adj. 邻近的,毗连的
【参】adjoining (adj. 邻接的);contiguous
(adj. 接近的) detached (adj.
分开的);separate (adj. 个别的,单独的) 【例】People
living in houses adjacent to the airport are tormented by noise for
years. 住在机场附近的居民常年受到噪音的折磨。
charity [ˈtʃærəti]
gorgeous [ˈgɔːdʒəs] adj. 华丽的;极好的 【例】The garden
with azaleas is gorgeous. 花园里杜鹃花盛开,绚丽多彩。
grim [grɪm] adj. 严厉的;可怕的;令人讨厌的 【例】We
gradually found his laugh grim. 我们渐渐觉得他的笑声让人讨厌。
apparatus [ˌæpəˈreɪtəs]
dome [dəʊm]
formal [ˈfɔːml] adj. 正式的;正规的
【参】informal (adj. 非正式的) 【例】They held the first
formal international meeting on the subject.
他们就这一主题举行了第一届正式的国际会议。
brew [bruː]
brewery [ˈbruːəri](n.啤酒厂,酿酒厂) 【例】When
there is a thunderstorm brewing, some people complain of the air being
heavy and of feeling irritable.
当暴风雨即将来临,一些人抱怨空气沉闷而且感觉烦躁。
degenerate [dɪˈdʒenəreɪt] [dɪˈdʒenərət]
degeneration
(n. 恶化,退化的过程)develop (v.
发展,生长);evolve(v. (使)发展,(使)进化) 【例】
Similarly, although at least some cetaceans have taste buds, the nerves
serving these have degenerated or are rudimentary.
同样,尽管至少一些鲸鱼是有味蕾的,但是控制这些味蕾的神经已经退化了或者根本就没有充分发展。
intelligent [ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt] adj. 聪明的,理智的
【参】intelligence(n.智力,聪明) 【例】 The most
intelligent students do additional reading to supplement the material in
the textbook. 最聪明的学生通过课外阅读来补充课本的内容。
aspiration [ˌæspəˈreɪʃn]
aspirational (adj.
渴望成功的,有雄心壮志的) 【例】A building reflects the ideas and
aspirations of the designer and client.
建筑物反映出设计者和客户的理念与渴望。
considerable [kənˈsɪdərəbl] adj.
相当大(或多)的,可观的;值得考虑的,重要的
【参】consider(v.考虑;认为)consideration(n.考虑;关心)
【例】The heavy snow blocks the highway, so we have to take considerable
detours.
大雪使得公路封锁,所以我们不得不绕道而行,为此多走了很多路。
gleam [gliːm]
gleaming (adj. 光洁闪亮的)
【例】The church steeple gleamed in the sunlight.
教堂的尖塔在阳光下闪闪发光。
fascinate [ˈfæsɪneɪt]
supervise [ˈsuːpəvaɪz] vt. 监督,管理;指导 【参】
supervisor (n. 主管;督学);supervision
(n. 监督,管理);supervisory (adj. 管理的,监督的)
administer (vt. 管理);superintend (vt.
管理,监督) 【例】Mary supervises the work of the department.
玛丽指导该部门的工作。
curiosity [ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti]
curious [ˈkjʊəriəs](adj.好奇的;奇异的)curiously(adv.好奇地)
【例】The relentless curiosity of scientific researchers brought the
forces of nature to light.
科研人员无尽的好奇心是自然力量发现的源泉。
residential [ˌrezɪˈdenʃl] adj. 居住的,住宅的;寄宿的
【例】 Smith House is one of the oldest residential colleges of the
university. 史密斯学院是这所大学最古老的寄宿学院之一。
sole [səʊl] adj. 唯一的,独有的 n. 鞋底,袜底;脚底
【参】solely (adv. 唯一地;独自地) 【例】His sole motive
was to make her happy. 他唯一的动机就是让她高兴。
survey [ˈsɜːveɪ] [səˈveɪ]
fitting [ˈfɪtɪŋ]
fit(v.(fit/fitted,fit/fitted,fitting)(使)适合
adj.适合的;健康的) 【例】 If you want to buy a pair of trousers, a
fitting is very necessary. 如果你想买一条裤子,试穿非常必要。
rudimentary [ˌruːdɪˈmentri] adj.
基本的,初步的;未充分发展的,发育不成熟的 【例】New staffs were given
only rudimentary training at the beginning of their work.
新员工在工作之初只接受了最基本的训练。
courtship [ˈkɔːtʃɪp]
ritual [ˈrɪtʃuəl]
ceremony
(n. 仪式,典礼);formality (n. 礼节;仪式) 【例】It is
interesting to observe, for instance, some decline in the emphasis given
to marriage rituals.
我们发现很有意思的情况,例如,人们对结婚典礼的热衷程度在减弱。
stereoscopic [ˌsteriəˈskɒpɪk] adj.
有立体视觉的;有立体效果的 【参】stereo [ˈsteriəʊ](adj.
立体声的 n. 立体声(装置)) 【例】The position of the eyes so restricts
the field of vision in baleen whales that they probably do not have
stereoscopic vision.
由于须鲸眼睛的位置限制了视野,它们可能没有立体视觉。
interface [ˈɪntəfeɪs]
preliminary [prɪˈlɪmɪnəri] adj. 开端的,预备的,初步的
n. [常pl.] 初步做法,起始行为 【例】Although preliminary experimental
evidence suggests that their in-air vision is poor, the accuracy with
which dolphins leap high to take small fish out of a trainer’s hand
provides evidence to the contrary.
尽管先前的试验证明海豚在空气中的视力很差,但它们可以一跃到空中获取训练者手中的小鱼,这种准确度成为与之前的结论相反的证据。
turbid [ˈtɜːbɪd] adj. 浑浊的;混乱的 【例】Vision is
obviously more useful to species inhabiting clear open waters than to
those living in turbid rivers and flooded plains.
显而易见,与那些生活在浑浊的小河里和河漫滩里的物种相比,视力对生活在干净清澈水域里的物种更加有用。
repertoire [ˈrepətwɑː(r)]
monotonous [məˈnɒtənəs] adj. 单调乏味的 【例】The play
became monotonous after a while.
过了一会儿,这部剧就变得单调乏味了。
speculation [ˌspekjuˈleɪʃn]
speculate(v.猜测,推测;投机) 【例】Rumours that
the two singers are about to marry have been dismissed as pure
speculation. 关于那两位歌手要结婚的谣言仅仅是猜测,无人再理会。
perspective [pəˈspektɪv]
rendition [renˈdɪʃn]
metaphorical [ˌmetəˈfɒrɪkl] adj. 隐喻的 【例】The word has
a literal as well as a metaphorical meaning.
这个单词有字面意思,也有隐喻义。
interpret [ɪnˈtɜːprɪt]
perimeter [pəˈrɪmɪtə(r)]
jerk [dʒɜːk]
horror [ˈhɒrə(r)]
horrible [ˈhɒrəbl](adj.令人恐惧的,恐怖的) 【例】He
was filled with horror at the sight of the dog.
他看见狗就不寒而栗。
distort [dɪˈstɔːt] vt. 扭曲;曲解;使变形
【参】twist [twɪst](v.拧,扭曲 n.扭曲,歪曲) 【例】Many
people are concerned that an excessive emphasis on humanity’s genetic
constitution may distort our sense of values.
许多人担心过分强调人类基因构成可能会扭曲人类的价值观。
sponge [spʌndʒ]
rinse (vt.
清洗) 【例】He squeezed out water from a sponge.
他拧出了海绵里的水。
audition [ɔːˈdɪʃn]
abstraction [æbˈstrækʃn]
mount [maʊnt]
mountain(n.山,山脉) 【例】The eruption in May 1980
of Mount St. Helens astounded the world with its violence.
1980年5月,圣海伦斯山火山爆发,其威力震惊了世界。
collapse [kəˈlæps] v.n. 坍塌;崩溃;晕倒 【例】The whole
market collapsed, as a matter of fact, and coffee became cheaper than it
had been for the previous 25 years.
事实上,(咖啡)市场全盘崩溃,咖啡的售价跌到25年来的最低。
discriminate [dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪt]
distinguish (v. 区别,辨别) 【例】We
must learn to discriminate right from wrong. 我们必须学会明辨是非。
destructive [dɪˈstrʌktɪv] adj. 破坏(性)的 【例】The lungs
of children who grow up in polluted air offer further evidence of its
destructive power.
那些呼吸着污浊空气长大的孩子们的肺部状况进一步证明,污浊空气具有毁坏性力量。
capacity [kəˈpæsəti]
latitude [ˈlætɪtjuːd]
longitude(n.经度,经线)freedom
(n. 自由,自主);liberty (n. 自由,自由权) 【例】Our
position is latitude 40 degrees south. 我们的位置是南纬40度。
grin [grɪn] v./n. 咧嘴笑 【例】 Sarah tried several times
to catch Philip’s eye, but he just grinned at her.
萨拉几次试图吸引菲利普的注意,但他只是对她咧嘴笑笑。
democratic [ˌdeməˈkrætɪk] adj. 民主的;有民主精神的
【例】The school held a democratic election for student-council
officers. 学校进行了一次民主选举来挑选学生会成员。
install [ɪnˈstɔːl] vt.
安顿,安置;安装,设置;正式任命,使正式就职 【例】 In the noisiest
areas, mechanical ventilation will have to be installed in the exterior
walls. 在最喧闹的地区,其外墙上必须安装机械通风装置。
faculty [ˈfæklti]
probability [ˌprɒbəˈbɪləti]
probable (adj. 可能的) 【例】This
is a tool for predicting the probability that a species will become
extinct in a particular region over a specific period.
这是一种用来预测某一物种在某个特定时期、特定区域灭绝的可能性的工具。
bizarre [bɪˈzɑː(r)] adj. 奇形怪状的;怪诞的
【参】fantastic (adj.
奇异的;荒谬的);outlandish (adj. 古怪的,奇异的)
【例】The story is of certain bizarre interest.
这个故事有一种怪诞的趣味。
external [ɪkˈstɜːnl] adj. 外部的,外面的,表面的 【例】The
evidence we have suggests that domestic trade was greater than external
trade at all periods.
我们掌握的证据表明,无论在哪个时期,国内贸易都要比对外贸易发达。
inclination [ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃn]
conviction [kənˈvɪkʃn]
convince(vt.使确信,使信服)unconvinced
(adj. 不信服的;不确定的) 【例】The information led to the conviction
of those who were found guilty of treason.
这些资料足以给那些叛国者定罪。
tranquility [træŋˈkwɪləti]
facilitate [fəˈsɪlɪteɪt] vt. 使便利,使容易;推动,帮助
【参】facility [fəˈsɪləti](n. 设备,设施;便利条件)
【例】The new strategies have facilitated and improved cooperation and
communication between management and staff.
新策略有助于员工和管理层之间进行更为有效的合作与沟通。
installment [ɪnˈstɔːlmənt]
acumen [ˈækjəmən]
acute(adj.尖锐的;敏锐的;严重的;(疾病)急性的)
【例】Sometimes, organizations with sound financial backing, good
product ideas and market acumen underperform and fail to meet
shareholders’ expectations.
有时,拥有雄厚的资金保障、良好的产品理念和对市场精准把握的公司却表现不佳,不能达到股东们的期望。
dissertation [ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃn]
dissert (vi. 论述,写论文) 【例】What
I’d like to do in this session is to give you the opportunity to ask
questions on writing the dissertation.
在这节课,我想做的就是给你们机会就写专题论文进行提问。
frame [freɪm]
framework (n. 结构,机制)
【例】The tall buildings have been made possible by the development of
light steel frames and safe passenger lifts.
轻型钢框架和安全客梯的改良使得高层建筑的建造成为可能。
symbolism [ˈsɪmbəlɪzəm]
ascribe [əˈskraɪb] vt. 把…归因于
【参】attribute [əˈtrɪbjuːt](vt. 把…归因于 n. 属性;品质)
【例】The report ascribes the rise in asthma to the increase in air
pollution. 该报告将哮喘的增加归因于空气污染。
disruption [dɪsˈrʌpʃn]
self-esteem [ˌself ɪˈstiːm]
literate [ˈlɪtərət] adj.
有读写能力的;有文化的;博学的;掌握(某个领域或某方面)知识的;通晓…的
【例】Though nearly twenty, Sara was barely literate.
尽管快20岁了,萨拉却几乎一点读写能力都没有。
extinction [ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn]
extinct (adj. 灭绝的) 【例】
It’s a mass extinction, and whether we will ever rebound from the loss
is difficult to know.
这是大规模的物种灭绝,我们是否能从中恢复还是个未知数。
endanger [ɪnˈdeɪndʒə(r)] vt. 危及,危害
【参】imperil (vt. 使陷于危险,危及) 【例】Navajo is
considered endangered despite having 150,000 speakers.
尽管有15万人使用纳瓦霍语,它还是有濒临灭绝的危险。
perception [pəˈsepʃn]
perceive (vt.
感知,觉察)perceptible (adj.
可以感觉到的,看得出来的);perceptive (adj.
感知的;有理解力的,有识别力的) 【例】Your perception and mine are
different from the perception of someone who speaks French, for
instance.
例如,你的想法与我的想法跟那些说法语的人的想法是不一样的。
prediction [prɪˈdɪkʃn]
foster [ˈfɒstə(r)]
fosterling (n. 养子,养女);fosterer
(n. 养育者)nurture (vt.
抚育,教养);cultivate (vt. 教养,培养) 【例】The old
couple have fostered over 60 children during the past ten years.
这对老夫妇在过去的十年间收养了60多名儿童。
ancestral [ænˈsestrəl] adj. 祖先的;祖传的
【参】ancestor [ˈænsestə](n.祖宗,祖先) 【例】The family
lived at Mary’s ancestral home. 一家人住在玛丽的祖居里。
rekindle [ˌriːˈkɪndl] vt. 重新点燃;使复苏
【参】kindle [ˈkɪnd(ə)l](v.点燃,开始燃烧;激起,激发;(感情)激动起来;(兔)产仔;照亮,(使)发亮;着火)
【例】 In New Zealand, classes for children have slowed the erosion of
Maori and rekindled interest in the language.
在新西兰,面向孩子们的课程减缓了毛利语的退化,重新引起了人们对这种语言的兴趣。
revival [rɪˈvaɪvl]
inevitable [ɪnˈevɪtəbl] adj. 不可避免的,必然(发生)的
【参】inevitably (adv. 不可避免地,必然地) 【例】A
further escalation of the economic crisis now seems inevitable.
如今,经济危机的进一步扩大化在所难免。
disenchantment [ˌdɪsɪnˈtʃɑːntmənt]
enhancement(n.增加,增强,改善)
【例】Disenchantment with orthodox medicine has seen the popularity of
alternative therapies in Australia climb steadily during the past 20
years.
过去的20年中,在澳大利亚,人们对传统医学的失望促进了替代医学的日益流行。
acupuncture [ˈækjupʌŋktʃə(r)]
loath [ləʊθ] adj. 不情愿的,勉强的
【参】reluctant [rɪˈlʌktənt](adj.
不情愿的,勉强的;难得到的,难处理的) 【例】We’ve had a tradition of
doctors being fairly powerful and I guess they are pretty loath to allow
any pretenders to their position to come into it.
我们的固有观念是医生一定非常强势,我想他们一定非常不愿意让任何觊觎者达到他们的地位。
orthodox [ˈɔːθədɒks] adj. 正统的,传统的
【参】orthodoxy (n. 正统观念) conventional
(adj. 传统的);customary (adj. 习惯的,惯例的) 【例】In
many other industrialised countries, orthodox and alternative medicine
have worked “hand in glove” for years.
在其他的工业化国家里,传统医学与替代医学已经紧密结合多年了。
popularity [ˌpɒpjuˈlærəti]
amplify [ˈæmplɪfaɪ]
expand (v.
使膨胀;扩张);increase (v. 增加)deflate
(vt. 放气;使缩小);shrink (v. 缩小) 【例】Let me
amplify so that you will understand the overall problem.
让我来详细解释一下,这样你就会理解整个问题了。
reliance [rɪˈlaɪəns]
trust
(n. 信任,信赖);dependence
(n. 信任,信赖)distrust (n. 不信任) 【例】Long-term
reliance on sleeping pills is dangerous. 长期依赖安眠药是危险的。
nightmare [ˈnaɪtmeə(r)]
leap [liːp]
conscious [ˈkɒnʃəs] adj. 自觉的;意识到的;神志清醒的
【参】unconscious(adj.不省人事的,无意识的) 【例】Deep
inside he was conscious that music was not his destiny.
在内心深处,他知道音乐并不是自己的归宿。
divine [dɪˈvaɪn] adj. 神的;神授的,天赐的 【例】To early
man, fire was a divine gift delivered in the form of lightning, forest
fire or burning lava.
对早期的人类来说,火是伴随着闪电、森林大火或是燃烧的岩浆而来的神赐之物。
decompose [ˌdiːkəmˈpəʊz]
investigate [ɪnˈvestɪgeɪt]
underneath [ˌʌndəˈniːθ] adv. 在下面 prep. 在…下面 n. 下部
【例】Each of the 900 pillars of this building can be individually
jacked up, allowing wedges to be added underneath.
这座建筑的900根柱子都可以分别托起以便在下面放入楔子。
gamble [ˈgæmbl]
bet (v.
打赌,赌博);wager (v.
打赌;赌博);stake(vt. 以…打赌,拿…冒险) 【例】Bob might
show up on time, but I wouldn’t gamble on it.
鲍勃也许会准时露面,但我不想冒这个险。
strand [strænd]
string
(n. 线,细绳);thread (n. 线,细丝) 【例】There are
three distinct strands to Sports Studies and you would need to choose
fairly early on just which direction you wanted to follow.
运动研究有三个不同的分支,你需要尽早确定研究方向。
specimen [ˈspesɪmən]
motive [ˈməʊtɪv]
furious [ˈfjʊəriəs] adj. 狂怒的;激烈的 【参】
irate (adj. 暴怒的,愤怒的);fierce (adj.
强烈的,狂热的);turbulent (adj.
汹涌的,狂暴的)meek (adj.
温顺的,驯服的);calm (adj.
镇静的,平静的);unperturbed (adj.
宁静的;泰然自若的)
exhilaration [ɪgˌzɪləˈreɪʃn]
inland [ˈɪnlænd] adj. 内陆的 adv.
向(或在)内陆;向(或在)内地 【例】Today about 90 per cent of inland
freight in the United Kingdom is carried by road.
现在,公路承担了英国约90%的内陆运输。
migrate [maɪˈgreɪt]
migratory (adj.
迁徙的,流浪的)emigrate (v.
移居国外);immigrate (v. 移居入境) 【例】About half the
nation’s 2,000 beekeepers migrate north to find more flowers for their
bees.
在这个国家的2,000个养蜂人中,约半数人为给蜜蜂找到更多的花而北迁。
claim [kleɪm]
decipher [dɪˈsaɪfə(r)] vt. 破译;解释 【例】The scientists
use the techniques to decipher disorder-related genes.
科学家使用这些技术,成功破解了与(遗传)紊乱有关的基因。
stale [steɪl] adj. 不新鲜的;陈腐的
【参】obsolete (adj. 陈旧的,废弃的) 【例】There was a
smell of stale vegetables in the air.
空气中有一股不新鲜的蔬菜的味道。
tan [tæn] adj. 棕褐色的 n. 棕褐色;晒黑 v.
(使)晒成棕褐色,晒黑 【参】 sunburn (n./v. 晒黑)
【例】These shoes are tan, not dark brown.
这些鞋是棕褐色的,不是深褐色的。
impair [ɪmˈpeə(r)] vt. 损害;削弱 【参】
injure (vt. 伤害,损害,损伤);undermine
(vt. 削弱,破坏) strengthen (v.
加强,巩固);improve (v. 改进,改善) 【例】 The
performance of divers will be impaired if they work in cold water.
如果在冷水中工作,潜水员的工作效率会降低。
inescapable [ˌɪnɪˈskeɪpəbl] adj. 不可逃避的;难免的
【例】The role of governments in environmental management is difficult
but inescapable.
政府在环境管理方面担负的任务很艰巨,但这是它们无法推卸的。
layer [ˈleɪə(r)]
cable [ˈkeɪbl]
wedge [wedʒ]
historian [hɪˈstɔːriən]